Now showing items 1329-1348 of 24328

    • Associations of Suboptimal Growth with All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Children under Five Years: A Pooled Analysis of Ten Prospective Studies 

      Olofin, Ibironke; McDonald, Christine M.; Ezzati, Majid; Flaxman, Seth; Black, Robert E.; Fawzi, Wafaie W.; Caulfield, Laura E.; Danaei, Goodarz (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Background: Child undernutrition affects millions of children globally. We investigated associations between suboptimal growth and mortality by pooling large studies. Methods: Pooled analysis involving children 1 week to ...
    • Assortative Mating on Ideology Could Operate Through Olfactory Cues 

      McDermott, Rose; Tingley, Dustin; Hatemi, Peter K. (Wiley, 2014-09-02)
      Mates appear to assort on political attitudes more than any other social, behavioral, or physical trait, besides religion. Yet the process by which ideologically similar mates end up together remains ambiguous. Mates do ...
    • Assumptions behind Intercoder Reliability Indices 

      Zhao, Xinshu; Liu, Jun; Deng, Ke (Routledge, 2012)
      Inter-coder reliability is the most often used quantitative indicator of measurement quality in content studies. Researchers in psychology, sociology, education, medicine, marketing and other disciplines also use reliability ...
    • Assured Safety Drill With Bi-Stable Bit Retraction Mechanism 

      Loschak, Paul; Xiao, Kechao; Pei, Hao; Kesner, Samuel Benjamin; Thomas, Ajith; Walsh, Conor (ASME, 2013-08-04)
      A handheld, portable cranial drilling tool for safely creating holes in the skull without damaging brain tissue is presented. Such a device is essential for neurosurgeons and mid-level practitioners treating patients with ...
    • Asteroseismology of the Transiting Exoplanet Host Hd 17156 with Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensor 

      Gilliland, Ronald L.; McCullough, Peter R.; Nelan, Edmund P.; Brown, Timothy M.; Charbonneau, David; Nutzman, Philip; Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jørgen; Kjeldsen, Hans (American Astronomical Society, 2011)
    • An astro-comb calibrated solar telescope to search for the radial velocity signature of Venus 

      Phillips, David F.; Glenday, Alex; Dumusque, Xavier; Buchschacher, Nicolas; Cameron, Andrew Collier; Cecconi, Massimo; Charbonneau, David; Cosentino, Rosario; Ghedina, Adriano; Haywood, Raphaelle D.; Latham, David Winslow; Li, Chih-Hao; Lodi, Marcello; Lovis, Christophe; Molinari, Emilio; Pepe, Francesco; Sasselov, Dimitar D.; Szentgyorgyi, Andrew H.; Udry, Stephane; Walsworth, Ronald Lee (2016)
      We recently demonstrated sub-m/s sensitivity in measuring the radial velocity (RV) between the Earth and Sun using a simple solar telescope feeding the HARPS-N spectrograph at the Italian National Telescope, which is ...
    • An Astrobiological Perspective on Meridiani Planum 

      Wdowiak, Thomas; Tosca, Nicholas J.; Squyres, Steven; Schroder, Christian; Malin, Michael; McLennan, Scott M.; Grotzinger, John P.; Fischer, Woodward W.; Farmer, Jack D.; Des Marais, David J.; Clark, Benton; Carr, Michael; Knoll, Andrew Herbert (Elsevier, 2005)
      Sedimentary rocks exposed in the Meridiani Planum region of Mars record aqueous and eolian deposition in ancient dune and interdune playa-like environments that were arid, acidic, and oxidizing. On Earth, microbial populations ...
    • Astrocytes promote pediatric glioma progression and enhance ex vivo tumor modeling 

      Rota, Christopher (2022-09-08)
      Astrocytes constitute approximately 10-20% of all cells in the human brain and are generally tasked with maintaining tissue homeostasis. These cells support neuronal metabolism and ion transport, regulate the extracellular ...
    • Astrocytic interleukin-3 programs microglia and limits Alzheimer’s disease 

      McAlpine, Cameron; Park, Joseph; Griciuc, Ana; Kim, Eunhee; Choi, Se Hoon; Iwamoto, Yoshiko; Kiss, Máté G.; Christie, Kathleen; Vinegoni, Claudio; Poller, Wolfram; Mindur, John; Chan, Christopher; He, Shun; Janssen, Henrike; Wong, Lai Ping; Downey, Jeffrey; Singh, Sumnima; Anzai, Atsushi; Kahles, Florian; Jorfi, Mehdi; Feruglio, Paulo; Sadreyev, Ruslan; Weissleder, Ralph; Kleinstiver, Benjamin; Nahrendorf, Matthias; Tanzi, Rudolph; Swirski, Filip (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021-07-14)
      Communication within the glial cell ecosystem is essential to neuronal and brain health1–3. The influence of glial cells on β-amyloid (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tau accumulation and clearance in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is ...
    • An Astrometric Search for a Sub-stellar Companion of the M8.5 Dwarf TVLM 513–46546 Using Very Long Baseline Interferometry 

      Forbrich, Jan; Berger, Edo; Reid, Mark Jonathan (IOP Publishing, 2013)
      We conducted multi-epoch VLBI observations to search for astrometric reflex motion caused by a sub-stellar companion of the M8.5 dwarf TVLM 513–46546. The observations yield an absolute parallax corresponding to a distance ...
    • Astrophysical Russian dolls 

      Loeb, Abraham; Imara, Nia (Springer Nature, 2017)
      Are there examples of "astrophysical Russian dolls," and what could we learn from their similarities? In this article, we list a few such examples, including disks, filaments, and clusters. We suggest that forging connections ...
    • Asymmetric Catalysis of Ionic 1,2-Rearrangements 

      Sharma, Hayden (2022-03-17)
      In Chapter 1, we report the development and study of an aryl-iodide-catalyzed Wagner–Meerwein rearrangement reaction. This process converts styrenes bearing cumyl, t-butyl, and i-propyl substitution into enantioenriched ...
    • Asymmetric fMRI Adaptation Reveals No Evidence for Mirror Neurons in Humans 

      Lingnau, Angelika; Gesierich, Benno; Caramazza, Alfonso (National Academy of Sciences, 2009)
      Neurons in macaque ventral premotor cortex and inferior parietal lobe discharge during both the observation and the execution of motor acts. It has been claimed that these so-called mirror neurons form the basis of action ...
    • Asymmetric Information, Adverse Selection and Online Disclosure: The Case of eBay Motors 

      Lewis, Gregory (2009)
      Since Akerlof (1970), economists have understood the adverse selection problem that information asymmetries can create in used goods markets. The remarkable growth in online auctions of used goods, where buyers generally ...
    • Asymmetric Ion-Pairing Catalysis 

      Brak, Katrien; Jacobsen, Eric N. (Wiley Blackwell (John Wiley & Sons), 2013)
    • Asymmetric Mannich Synthesis of α-Amino Esters by Anion-Binding Catalysis 

      Wasa, Masayuki; Liu, Richard Y.; Roche, Stéphane P.; Jacobsen, Eric N. (American Chemical Society, 2014)
      We report a scalable, one-pot Mannich route to enantioenriched α-amino esters by direct reaction of α-chloroglycine ester as a practical imino ester surrogate. The reaction is promoted by a chiral aminothiourea, which is ...
    • Asymmetric Melting and Freezing Kinetics in Silicon. 

      Tsao, Jeff Y.; Aziz, Michael; Thompson, Michael O.; Peercy, Paul S. (American Physical Society, 1986)
      We report measurements of the melting velocity of amorphous Si relative to that of (100) crystalline Si. These measurements permit the first severe experimental test of theories describing highly nonequilibrium freezing ...
    • Asymmetric Mutualism in Two- and Three-Dimensional Range Expansions 

      Lavrentovich, Maxim Olegovich; Nelson, David R. (American Physical Society, 2014)
      Genetic drift at the frontiers of two-dimensional range expansions of microorganisms can frustrate local cooperation between different genetic variants, demixing the population into distinct sectors. In a biological context, ...
    • Asymmetric Networks in Two-Sided Markets 

      Ambrus, Attila; Argenziano, Rossella (American Economic Association, 2009)
      This paper investigates pricing decisions and network choices in two-sided markets with network externalities. Consumers are heterogeneous in how much they value the externality. Imposing restrictions on the extent of ...
    • Asymmetric neural tracking of gain and loss magnitude during adolescence 

      Insel, Catherine; Somerville, Leah (Oxford University Press (OUP), 2018)
      Adolescence has been characterized as a developmental period of heightened reward seeking and attenuated aversive processing. However, it remains unclear how the neural bases of distinct outcome valuation processes shift ...