Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Title
Now showing items 1460-1479 of 24540
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Attentional bias toward suicide-related stimuli predicts suicidal behavior.
(American Psychological Association (APA), 2010)A long-standing challenge for scientific and clinical work on suicidal behavior is that people often are motivated to deny or conceal suicidal thoughts. We proposed that people considering suicide would possess an objectively ... -
Attentional control mediates the relationship between social anhedonia and social impairment
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2014)Social anhedonia (SA), a trait-like disinterest in social contact and diminished capacity to experience pleasure from social interactions, is consistently associated with social impairments in both healthy and clinical ... -
Attenuated Spreading in Sanskrit Retroflex Harmony
(MIT Press - Journals, 2017)Drawing on a two-million-word corpus of Sanskrit, two previously unrecognized generalizations are documented and analyzed concerning the morpho-prosodic conditioning of retroflex spreading (nati). Both reveal harmony to ... -
Attenuation of age-related changes in mouse neuromuscular synapses by caloric restriction and exercise
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2010)The cellular basis of age-related behavioral decline remains obscure but alterations in synapses are likely candidates. Accordingly, the beneficial effects on neural function of caloric restriction and exercise, which are ... -
Attenuation of Notch and Hedgehog Signaling Is Required for Fate Specification in the Spinal Cord
(Public Library of Science, 2012)During the development of the spinal cord, proliferative neural progenitors differentiate into postmitotic neurons with distinct fates. How cells switch from progenitor states to differentiated fates is poorly understood. ... -
Attitude and Self-reported Practice Regarding Prognostication in a National Sample of Internists
(American Medical Association (AMA), 1998)Background Since prognostication appears increasingly important in clinical practice, especially in end-of-life care, we examined physicians' experiences and attitudes regarding it. Methods We mailed a survey to a ... -
Attitudes and Beliefs about Distributive Justice in China
(2014-02-25)This dissertation examines the patterns of popular attitudes and beliefs about economic inequality and distributive justice in contemporary China. Using an interdisciplinary theoretical framework on social cognition and ... -
Attractive Noncovalent Interactions in Asymmetric Catalysis: Links Between Enzymes and Small Molecule Catalysts
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2010)Catalysis by neutral, organic, small molecules capable of binding and activating substrates solely via noncovalent interactions—particularly H-bonding—has emerged as an important approach in organocatalysis. The mechanisms ... -
Attractive photons in a quantum nonlinear medium
(Springer Nature, 2013)The fundamental properties of light derive from its constituent particles—massless quanta (photons) that do not interact with one another\(^1\). However, it has long been known that the realization of coherent interactions ... -
Attractors at Weak Gravity
(Elsevier, 1998)We study the attractor mechanism in low energy effective D=4, N=2 Yang-Mills theory weakly coupled to gravity, obtained from the effective action of type IIB string theory compactified on a Calabi-Yau manifold. Using special ... -
Attribute-Based Prediction of File Properties
(2003)We present evidence that attributes that are known to the file system when a file is created, such as its name, permission mode, and owner, are often strongly related to future properties of the file such as its ultimate ... -
Atypical calcium regulation of the PKD2-L1 polycystin ion channel
(eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2016)Native PKD2-L1 channel subunits are present in primary cilia and other restricted cellular spaces. Here we investigate the mechanism for the channel's unusual regulation by external calcium, and rationalize this behavior ... -
Au-rich filamentary behavior and associated subband gap optical absorption in hyperdoped Si
(American Physical Society (APS), 2017)Au-hyperdoped Si, synthesized by ion implantation and pulsed laser melting, is known to exhibit a strong sub-band gap photoresponse that scales monotonically with the Au concentration. However, there is thought to be a ... -
An Auction-Based Method for Decentralized Train Scheduling
(Association for Computing Machinery, 2001)We present a computational study of an auction-based method for decentralized train scheduling. The method is well suited to the natural information and control structure of mod- ern railroads. We assume separate network ... -
Auctions, Bidding and Exchange Design
(Kluwer, 2004)The different auction types are outlined using a classification framework along six dimensions. The economic properties that are desired in the design of auction mechanisms and the complexities that arise in their ... -
The Audience for Science in Eighteenth-Century Edinburgh
(Science History Publications Ltd, 1974) -
Auditory and visual connectivity gradients in frontoparietal cortex
(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2016)Abstract A frontoparietal network of brain regions is often implicated in both auditory and visual information processing. Although it is possible that the same set of multimodal regions subserves both modalities, there ... -
Auditory motion perception in multiple sound source environments
(2023-01-18)Most everyday listening environments contain multiple sources of sound, and in many contexts, one or more of these sources undergo changes in spatial location that may be perceived as auditory motion – a property of a ... -
Auditory Priming within and across Modalities: Evidence from Positron Emission Tomography
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, 1999)Previous neuroimaging studies of perceptual priming have reported priming-related decreases in the extrastriate cortex. However, because these experiments have used visual stimuli, it is unclear whether the observed decreases ... -
An Augmented Lagrangian Based Compressed Sensing Reconstruction for Non-Cartesian Magnetic Resonance Imaging without Gridding and Regridding at Every Iteration
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Background: Non-Cartesian trajectories are used in a variety of fast imaging applications, due to the incoherent image domain artifacts they create when undersampled. While the gridding technique is commonly utilized for ...