Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Title

Computations and Algorithms in Physical and Biological Problems

Qin, Yu (2014-06-06)

This dissertation presents the applications of state-of-the-art computation techniques and data analysis algorithms in three physical and biological problems: assembling DNA pieces, optimizing self-assembly yield, and ...

Computer Science on Campus: Technology, (Inter)disciplinarity, and the Transformation of the American University

Schoenstein, Tasha L (2022-05-12)

This dissertation explores how computer science became a discipline in the United States and how this process of discipline formation and institutionalization shaped the content and culture of computer science. Like other ...

Computer Simulations of Protein Folding and Evolution

Xu, Jiabin (2013-10-14)

Computer simulations for investigating protein folding and evolution are presented. In chapter 1, an all-atom model with a knowledge-based potential is used to study the folding kinetics of Formin-Binding protein. We study ...

Computer-Assisted Text Analysis for Comparative Politics

Lucas, Christopher; Nielsen, Richard A.; Roberts, Margaret E.; Stewart, Brandon M.; Storer, Alex; Tingley, Dustin (Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2015)

Recent advances in research tools for the systematic analysis of textual data are enabling exciting new research throughout the social sciences. For comparative politics, scholars who are often interested in non-English ...

Computing Complex Visual Features with Retinal Spike Times

Gütig, Robert; Gollisch, Tim; Sompolinsky, Haim I; Meister, Markus (Public Library of Science, 2013)

Neurons in sensory systems can represent information not only by their firing rate, but also by the precise timing of individual spikes. For example, certain retinal ganglion cells, first identified in the salamander, ...

Computing Contrasts, Effect Sizes, and Counternulls on Other People's Published Data: General Procedures for Research Consumers

Rosnow, Ralph L.; Rosenthal, Robert (American Psychological Association, 1996)

We describe convenient statistical procedures that will enable research consumers (e.g,, professional psychologists, graduate students, and researchers themselves) to reach beyond the published conclusions and make an ...

Computing cooperative solution concepts in coalitional skill games

Bachrach, Yoram; Parkes, David C.; Rosenschein, Jeffrey S. (Elsevier BV, 2013)

We consider a simple model of cooperation among agents called Coalitional Skill Games (CSGs). This is a restricted form of coalitional games, where each agent has a set of skills that are required to complete various tasks. ...

Computing Parametric Ranking Models via Rank-Breaking

Soufiani, Hossein Azari; Parkes, David C.; Xia, Lirong (International Conference on Machine Learning, 2014)

Rank breaking is a methodology introduced by Azari Soufiani et al. (2013a) for applying a Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) algorithm to the estimation of parametric ranking models. Breaking takes full rankings and breaks, ...

Computing Reserve Prices and Identifying the Value Distribution in Real-World Auctions with Market Dynamics

Walsh, William E; Parkes, David C.; Sandholm, Tuomas; Boutilier, Craig (Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, 2008)

Computing Sparse Representations in O(N log N) Time

Lin, Tsung-Han; Kung, H. T. (Signal Processing with Adaptive Sparse Structured Representations (SPARS 2013), 2013)

Computing the communication costs of item allocation

Rauenbusch, Timothy W.; Shieber, Stuart; Grosz, Barbara (Association for Computing Machinery, 2005)

Multiagent systems require techniques for effectively allocating resources or tasks to among agents in a group. Auctions are one method for structuring communication of agents’ private values for the resource or task to a ...

Computing The Kullback-Leibler Divergence Between Probabilistic Automata Using Rational Kernels

Nelken, Rani; Shieber, Stuart Merrill (2006)

Kullback-Leibler divergence is a natural distance measure between two probabilistic finite-state automata. Computing this distance is difficult, since it requires a summation over a countably infinite number of strings. ...

Computing the Steady Oceanic Circulation Using an Optimization Approach

Tziperman, Eli; Thacker, William C.; Bryan, Kirk (Elsevier, 1992)

The traditional method for computing the steady oceanic circulation has been by stepping an oceanic model forward in time until transients are damped by friction. An alternative method, which has the potential for being ...

Concatenated Codes for Deletion Channels

Chen, Johnny; Mitzenmacher, Michael D.; Ng, Chaki; Varnica, Nedeljko (2003)

We design concatenated codes suitable for the deletion channel. The inner code is a combination of a single deletion correcting Varshamov-Tenengolts block code and a marker code. The outer code is a low-density parity-check ...

Concealed weapons: Erectile claws in African frogs

Blackburn, David C.; Hanken, James; Jenkins, Farish (Royal Society Publishing, 2008)

Vertebrate claws are used in a variety of important behaviours and are typically composed of a keratinous sheath overlying the terminal phalanx of a digit. Keratinous claws, however, are rare in living amphibians; their ...

Conceiving an American “Secularism”: A Contested Category and the Remaking of US Law, Religion, and Civic Life, 1851-1914

Stephen, Eric (2023-11-21)

This dissertation explores the contested meanings of “secularism” that developed after the term was first coined in 1851. With particular attention paid to first-order invocations of “secularism” during the so-called “Golden ...

Concentrating Alkalinity for Direct Air Capture of Carbon Dioxide: Using Osmotic Pressure for Concentration and Separation

Rinberg, Anatoly (2024-03-12)

Climate change has resulted in the pressing need to globally manage carbon sources and sinks. Reducing emissions as much and as fast as possible must be prioritized to avoid the worst harms from global warming, which will ...