Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Title
Now showing items 3869-3888 of 24540
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Contribution of quasar-driven outflows to the extragalactic gamma-ray background
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2016-07-25)The origin of the extragalactic γ-ray background permeating throughout the Universe remains a mystery forty years after its discovery. The extrapolated population of blazars can account for only half of the background ... -
Contribution of Selection for Protein Folding Stability in Shaping the Patterns of Polymorphisms in Coding Regions
(Oxford University Press, 2013)The patterns of polymorphisms in genomes are imprints of the evolutionary forces at play in nature. In particular, polymorphisms have been extensively used to infer the fitness effects of mutations and their dynamics of ... -
Contribution of SORL1 in human iPSC-derived neurons and astrocytes to Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis
(2022-09-06)Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with heterogeneous etiology as suggested by genetic, neuropathological, and clinical evidence. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology can serve ... -
Contributions of microbiome and mechanical deformation to intestinal bacterial overgrowth and inflammation in a human gut-on-a-chip
(National Academy of Sciences, 2016)A human gut-on-a-chip microdevice was used to coculture multiple commensal microbes in contact with living human intestinal epithelial cells for more than a week in vitro and to analyze how gut microbiome, inflammatory ... -
Contributions of the Hadley and Ferrel Circulations to the Energetics of the Atmosphere over the past 32-years
(American Meteorological Society, 2014)The Hadley system provides an example of a thermally direct circulation, the Ferrel system in contrast an example of a thermally indirect circulation. In this study, we develop an approach to investigate the key thermodynamic ... -
Contributions to Design and Analysis of Pediatric HIV Studies
(2023-05-11)Youth with perinatal HIV exposure have demonstrated higher rates of emotional---behavioral problems than the general US youth population. However, more evidence is needed to help target prevention and intervention efforts ... -
Contributions to Imputation Methods Based on Ranks and to Treatment Selection Methods in Personalized Medicine
(2013-02-14)The chapters of this thesis focus two different issues that arise in clinical trials and propose novel methods to address them. The first issue arises in the analysis of data with non-ignorable missing observations. The ... -
Contributions to Quantum Control and Statistical Physics
(2021-05-13)This thesis consists of two parts. The first part is on the complexity of controlling quantum systems. Specifically, we present results on sufficient conditions under which control of quantum systems is efficient. We ... -
Contributions to Scalable Bayesian Computation
(2022-05-10)This manuscript presents four projects related to Bayesian computation in large-scale settings. Each chapter is self-contained, and their respective abstracts are given below. Chapter 1: Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) ... -
Control algorithm for multiscale flow simulations of water
(American Physical Society, 2009)We present a multiscale algorithm to couple atomistic water models with continuum incompressible flow simulations via a Schwarz domain decomposition approach. The coupling introduces an inhomogeneity in the description of ... -
Control and Function of Arm Swing in Human Walking and Running
(The Company of Biologists, 2009)We investigated the control and function of arm swing in human walking and running to test the hypothesis that the arms act as passive mass dampers powered by movement of the lower body, rather than being actively driven ... -
Control and local measurement of the spin chemical potential in a magnetic insulator
(American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2017-07-13)The spin chemical potential characterizes the tendency of spins to diffuse. Probing this quantity could provide insight into materials such as magnetic insulators and spin liquids and aid optimization of spintronic devices. ... -
Control and Optimization of Soft Exosuit to Improve the Efficiency of Human Walking
(2018-05-03)Researchers have strived to develop lower limb wearable devices to improve the efficiency of human walking, however significant device inertia, kinematic constraints and the lack of optimal control strategies has limited ... -
Control and raising passives, and why Mandarin does not smuggle
(Springer Nature, 2016)Collins (Syntax 8:81–120, 2005) proposes a smuggling approach to English passives that solves some problems associated with the traditional analysis. This article will show that while English passives involve smuggling, ... -
Control of bacterial biofilm growth on surfaces by nanostructural mechanics and geometry
(IOP Publishing, 2011)Surface-associated communities of bacteria, called biofilms, pervade natural and anthropogenic environments. Mature biofilms are resistant to a wide range of antimicrobial treatments and therefore pose persistent pathogenic ... -
Control of buckling in large micromembranes using engineered support structures
(IOP Publishing, 2012)In this paper we describe a general method to avoid stress-induced buckling of thin and large freestanding membranes. We show that using properly designed supports, in the form of microbeams, we can reduce the out-of-plane ... -
Control of Drosophila Courtship by Mating Drive
(2018-09-16)Most behaviors are not just actions and reactions, but are the result of self-evaluation and are the means of self-fulfillment. This means that the same external context (e.g. food) can hold different meaning to an animal ... -
Control of Eukaryotic Transcription Elongation
(BioMed Central, 2001)The Spt4, Spt5, and Spt6 proteins are conserved eukaryotic transcription-elongation factors. Recent studies have provided the first evidence that they are generally required in multicellular eukaryotes, including during ... -
Control of Fire in the Paleolithic: Evaluating the Cooking Hypothesis
(University of Chicago Press, 2017-08)According to current evidence, Homo sapiens was unable to survive on a diet of raw wild foods. Because cooked diets have large physiological and behavioral consequences, a critical question for understanding human evolution ... -
Control of HIV-1C Replication Both in Vivo and in Vitro
(2015-05-18)In this study, we established an HIV latency model using pluripotent stem cells in vitro. We found that a HIV accessory protein nef is responsible for full-length HIV silencing in human pluripotent stem cells. This effect ...