Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Keyword "Applied mathematics"
Now showing items 1-20 of 70
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A Forest for the Trees: Using Random Forests for Small Area Estimation on US Forest Inventory Data
(2023-06-30)Methods which estimate population parameters of interest across small areas is a growing field of research. These problems arise frequently in election prediction, healthcare monitoring, and environmental studies. The ... -
A Hierarchical Modeling Approach to Understanding Tropospheric Ozone
(2021-06-17)Tropospheric ozone is crucial for the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere and for surface air pollution. Today, a number of uncertainties exist regarding the behavior of ozone, which greatly reduces our ability to make ... -
A Lighting-Invariant Approach to Local Shape from Shading
(2021-05-04)Shape from shading is a classical problem in computer vision, in which the depth field of an object or a scene is reconstructed from a pattern of intensities in an image. This can be thought of in some sense as the inverse ... -
A stochastic model of starvation-survival of Escherichia coli
(2022-06-02)In most natural environments, bacteria experience frequent phases of starvation in between growth periods \cite{Barcina97, Hoehler13, Kjelleberg93, Moriarty93, Morita93, Reese18, Siegele92}. While the kinetics of starvation ... -
A Systems Biology Approach to the Modeling and Control of Circadian Rhythms
(2021-05-10)Circadian rhythms are endogenous, daily, biological oscillations which emerge from two cellular-level transcriptional-translational feedback loops. These rhythms align to environmental cues in order to appropriately time ... -
Acoustic Source Separation, Contour Classification, and Trajectory Optimization
(2023-05-12)How can we distinguish individual birds singing in a dawn chorus, and thereby improve measurements of biodiversity to aid conservation efforts? What are the key differences between the walking patterns of an unimpaired ... -
All for One, Pre-K for All: Assessing the Impact of Universal Pre-Kindergarten on Single Mothers in New York City
(2021-06-17)In the 2014-2015 school year, New York City implemented a universal pre-kindergarten program called “Pre-K for All” open to all four-year-old children. This paper uses triple-difference economic methodology and personal ... -
Amplification on Undirected Population Structures: Comets Beat Stars
(Springer Nature, 2017)The fixation probability is the probability that a new mutant introduced in a homogeneous population eventually takes over the entire population. The fixation probability is a fundamental quantity of natural selection, and ... -
Beyond Grid Kirigami
(2022-05-23)Kirigami metamaterials are engineered materials inspired by the ancient art of paper cutting. To produce them, partial cuts are placed in a base material so that stretching the material causes it to deploy, or change size ... -
Birdie or Bogey? How Golf Course Construction Affects Surrounding Home Values
(2023-06-30)When asked to think about the how building a golf course can affect a commu- nity, many people’s first thought may jump to the environmental impacts that such construction has on the surrounding area. However, the economic ... -
Collusion in Knowledge Elicitation for Lending: Deep Learning for Colluders and Collusion Detection
(2022-06-03)Microfinance is an increasingly important tool for poverty alleviation, but it is difficult for lenders to discern the creditworthiness of potential borrowers with limited credit history. To address this challenge, York ... -
Computational Bioacoustics of Deer Mice: Identifying and Comparing Vocal Syllables Across Species and Infant Development
(2022-06-03)Vocal behaviors are diverse across mammals, but the mechanisms underlying this diversity are poorly understood. Unlike traditional models of vocal behavior such as the laboratory mouse (Mus musculus), deer mice (genus ... -
Computations and Algorithms in Physical and Biological Problems
(2014-06-06)This dissertation presents the applications of state-of-the-art computation techniques and data analysis algorithms in three physical and biological problems: assembling DNA pieces, optimizing self-assembly yield, and ... -
Control of spin dynamics for applications in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
(2013-10-17)Sophisticated electromagnetic pulse sequences that control spin dynamics have been developed in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) over the last few decades. However, due to more and more demanding criteria, such as unknown ... -
Converging in Crisis: The International Impact of Europe’s Energy Crisis on Natural Gas Prices
(2023-06-30)In the span of seven years, the United States has switched from being a net importer of LNG to the largest LNG exporter in the world. This is a historic shift in energy markets that has received little attention in the ... -
The Convexity of Quadratic Maps and the Controllability of Coupled Systems
(2013-09-16)A quadratic form on \(\mathbb{R}^n\) is a map of the form \(x \mapsto x^T M x\), where M is a symmetric \(n \times n\) matrix. A quadratic map from \(\mathbb{R}^n\) to \(\mathbb{R}^m\) is a map, all m of whose components ... -
Coupling and Parallelization in Statistical Inference
(2021-01-19)This thesis considers the design of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) estimators using couplings. Couplings play an important part in Markov chain theory, and in recent decades they have also taken on a central role in ... -
Detecting -1 Programmed Ribosomal Frameshifting in Bacterial Genomes: A Probabilistic Approach
(2022-06-03)Programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF or frameshift) is a phenomenon that allows the same RNA sequence to code for two different peptides. In short, the presence of a 7 nucleotide (base) "slippery" motif in the mRNA ... -
Differentiating Human and Machine Intelligence with Contextualized Embeddings
(2023-06-30)This thesis explores the application of deep learning models as contextual embedding functions for data enrichment in the Turing test, allowing an AI-based judge that automates the Turing test to more effectively differentiate ... -
Disadvantaged by Design: The Long-Term Effects of Redlining on Census Tract-Level Outcomes in American Cities
(2021-06-17)This thesis seeks to examine the role that redlining policies initiated by the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) in the late 1930s played in fundamentally shaping American neighborhoods and the groups that inhabited ...