Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Keyword "Cognitive Neuroscience"
Now showing items 1-20 of 28
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4-Phenylbutyrate Attenuates the ER Stress Response and Cyclic AMP Accumulation in DYT1 Dystonia Cell Models
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Dystonia is a neurological disorder in which sustained muscle contractions induce twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal posturing. DYT1 early-onset primary dystonia is the most common form of hereditary dystonia ... -
Action Representations in the Visual System
(2021-04-29)We see other people’s actions every day. Yet, most research investigating how we recognize and understand these actions focuses on abstract, conceptual representations outside of the visual system. This thesis shifts this ... -
Anticipation of Monetary Reward Can Attenuate the Vigilance Decrement
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Motivation and reward can have differential effects on separate aspects of sustained attention. We previously demonstrated that continuous reward/punishment throughout a sustained attention task improves overall performance, ... -
Behavioral and Neural Correlates of Executive Functioning in Musicians and Non-Musicians
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Executive functions (EF) are cognitive capacities that allow for planned, controlled behavior and strongly correlate with academic abilities. Several extracurricular activities have been shown to improve EF, however, the ... -
Effects of Non-Symbolic Approximate Number Practice on Symbolic Numerical Abilities in Pakistani Children
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Current theories of numerical cognition posit that uniquely human symbolic number abilities connect to an early developing cognitive system for representing approximate numerical magnitudes, the approximate number system ... -
Event Structures Drive Semantic Structural Priming, Not Thematic Roles: Evidence From Idioms and Light Verbs
(Wiley, 2018-10-07)What are the semantic representations that underlie language production? We use structural priming to distinguish between two competing theories. Thematic roles define semantic structure in terms of atomic units that specify ... -
Executive Function, Visual Attention and the Cocktail Party Problem in Musicians and Non-Musicians
(Public Library of Science, 2016)The goal of this study was to investigate how cognitive factors influence performance in a multi-talker, “cocktail-party” like environment in musicians and non-musicians. This was achieved by relating performance in a ... -
Failure of Working Memory Training to Enhance Cognition or Intelligence
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Fluid intelligence is important for successful functioning in the modern world, but much evidence suggests that fluid intelligence is largely immutable after childhood. Recently, however, researchers have reported gains ... -
First Is Best
(Public Library of Science, 2012)We experience the world serially rather than simultaneously. A century of research on human and nonhuman animals has suggested that the first experience in a series of two or more is cognitively privileged. We report three ... -
Flexible Cognitive Resources: Competitive Content Maps for Attention and Memory
(Elsevier BV, 2013-03)The brain has finite processing resources so that, as tasks become harder, performance degrades. Where do the limits on these resources come from? We focus on a variety of capacity-limited buffers related to attention, ... -
Functional Connectivity in the First Year of Life in Infants at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder: An EEG Study
(Public Library of Science, 2014)In the field of autism research, recent work has been devoted to studying both behavioral and neural markers that may aide in early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These studies have often tested infants ... -
Gender Differences in Sustained Attentional Control Relate to Gender Inequality across Countries
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Sustained attentional control is critical for everyday tasks and success in school and employment. Understanding gender differences in sustained attentional control, and their potential sources, is an important goal of ... -
How Broad Are Thematic Roles? Evidence From Structural Priming
(Elsevier BV, 2018-10)Verbs that are similar in meaning tend to occur in the same syntactic structures. For example, give and hand, which denote transfer of possession, both appear in the prepositional-object construction: “The child gave / ... -
Human Visual Search Does Not Maximize the Post-Saccadic Probability of Identifying Targets
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Researchers have conjectured that eye movements during visual search are selected to minimize the number of saccades. The optimal Bayesian eye movement strategy minimizing saccades does not simply direct the eye to whichever ... -
Memory for Semantically Related and Unrelated Declarative Information: The Benefit of Sleep, the Cost of Wake
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Numerous studies have examined sleep's influence on a range of hippocampus-dependent declarative memory tasks, from text learning to spatial navigation. In this study, we examined the impact of sleep, wake, and time-of-day ... -
Moral Learning: Psychological and Philosophical Perspectives
(Elsevier BV, 2017-10)The past 15 years occasioned an extraordinary blossoming of research into the cognitive and affective mechanisms that support moral judgment and behavior. This growth in our understanding of moral mechanisms overshadowed ... -
Multivoxel Patterns in Fusiform Face Area Differentiate Faces by Sex and Race
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Although prior research suggests that fusiform gyrus represents the sex and race of faces, it remains unclear whether fusiform face area (FFA)–the portion of fusiform gyrus that is functionally-defined by its preferential ... -
The Neural Bases of Directed and Spontaneous Mental State Attributions to Group Agents
(Public Library of Science, 2014)In daily life, perceivers often need to predict and interpret the behavior of group agents, such as corporations and governments. Although research has investigated how perceivers reason about individual members of particular ... -
Overwriting and Rebinding: Why Feature-Switch Detection Tasks Underestimate the Binding Capacity of Visual Working Memory
(Informa UK Limited, 2009-01)In these two experiments, we explored the ability to store bound representations of colour and location information in visual working memory using three different tasks. In the location-cue task, we probed how well colour ... -
Perceptual Grouping and Visual Enumeration
(Public Library of Science, 2012)We used lateralized Event-Related Potential (ERP) measures – the N2pc and CDA/SPCN components – to assess the role of grouping by target similarity during enumeration. Participants saw a variable number (0, 1, 2 or 3) of ...