Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Keyword "Economics"
Now showing items 1-20 of 263
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A Dose of Competition & Side Effects of Prescription Limits
(2021-07-12)Drug spending in the US continues to rise year over year due to price and volume increases for existing drugs and the launch of new brand drugs. The US health system uses multiple strategies to manage spending, including ... -
A Story of Human Capital: Why the Paycheck Protection Program Had Huge Geographic Disparities
(2021-06-17)This thesis studies the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP)—a 660 billion dollar small business loan program enacted in April 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of small businesses could apply for (and ... -
Agent-Based Modeling for Optimal Economic Policy with Exogenous Shocks
(2021-06-17)My thesis explores the application of reinforcement learning and agent-based computational economics to the problem of optimal policy in an environment with exogenous shocks. I develop an agent-based general equilibrium ... -
AI Pricing Collusion: Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning Algorithms in Bertrand Competition
(2021-06-03)As e-commerce and online shopping become more widespread, firms are starting to maximize profit by using artificial intelligence, or more specifically reinforcement learning, to price goods. Calvano et al. showed that in ... -
All for One, Pre-K for All: Assessing the Impact of Universal Pre-Kindergarten on Single Mothers in New York City
(2021-06-17)In the 2014-2015 school year, New York City implemented a universal pre-kindergarten program called “Pre-K for All” open to all four-year-old children. This paper uses triple-difference economic methodology and personal ... -
An Analysis of Costs and Health Co-Benefits for a U.S. Power Plant Carbon Standard
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from power plants can have important “co-benefits” for public health by reducing emissions of air pollutants. Here, we examine the costs and health co-benefits, in monetary terms, ... -
Anticipation of Monetary Reward Can Attenuate the Vigilance Decrement
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Motivation and reward can have differential effects on separate aspects of sustained attention. We previously demonstrated that continuous reward/punishment throughout a sustained attention task improves overall performance, ... -
Attack on Politicians: The Impact of Political Assassinations on Tough-on-Crime Policies and Urban Development in Mexico
(2022-06-03)Ever since President Calderón launched the War on Drugs policy in Mexico in 2006 by sending in more than 6,500 troops to his home state of Michoacán, there have been a series of political assassinations against local ... -
Big Names, Bigger Barriers: Firm Reputation and its Role as a Barrier to Entry
(2021-06-17)We investigate the potential for barriers to entry for new firms and an implicit tuition in worker wages stemming from incumbent reputation. To do so, we introduce two models of worker preferences within a framework of ... -
Building Evidence for Effective Education: Essays in Quantitative Research Methods
(2021-05-06)This dissertation consists of three papers about quantitative research methods in education. Each paper is a response to potential limitations of the current approach to building evidence for effective education – an ... -
The Causal Effect of Market Priming on Trust: An Experimental Investigation Using Randomized Control
(Public Library of Science, 2013)We report data from laboratory experiments where participants were primed using phrases related to markets and trade. Participants then participated in trust games with anonymous strangers. The decisions of primed participants ... -
Competition in Digital Markets: Role of Data and Network
(2022-09-15)This dissertation studies how resources like proprietary data or market factors such as network interconnectivity influence the barrier to entry into digital markets, and analyzes their impact on the competitiveness and ... -
Constrained Portfolios and Asset Prices
(2022-05-11)In this Thesis, I focus on analyzing constrained investors' trading behavior and its asset pricing implications. In the first Chapter, we focus on analyzing the effect of investors' expectations on market dynamics. ... -
Contagion of Cooperation in Static and Fluid Social Networks
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Cooperation is essential for successful human societies. Thus, understanding how cooperative and selfish behaviors spread from person to person is a topic of theoretical and practical importance. Previous laboratory ... -
Decision Modeling to Inform Resource Prioritization: Methods and Applications
(2022-05-13)This dissertation is comprised of three chapters where I investigated the following policy and methodological questions in health decision science: the potential value of improvement in acute stroke quality measures in the ... -
Disadvantaged by Design: The Long-Term Effects of Redlining on Census Tract-Level Outcomes in American Cities
(2021-06-17)This thesis seeks to examine the role that redlining policies initiated by the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) in the late 1930s played in fundamentally shaping American neighborhoods and the groups that inhabited ... -
Downstream Effects: Understanding the Consequences of Policy Decisions for Marginalized Groups
(2023-06-01)This dissertation provides three chapters focused on intersections between race, class, ability, and geography within the economics and sociology of education. In Chapter One, I evaluate the impacts of the New York City ... -
Environmental Tax Reform and Economic Welfare
(2013-10-08)According to a new study EPI (2012), India has the worst air pollution in the entire world. Given the severe damages caused by air pollution, it is important to explore various options to control air pollution. In chapter ... -
Essays in Applied Econometrics and Education
(2014-06-06)This dissertation consists of three essays. First, we explore the implications of correlations that do not vanishing for units in different clusters for the actual and estimated precision of least squares estimators. -
Essays in Applied Economics
(2022-09-16)This dissertation consists of three exercises in economics.