Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Keyword "epidemiology"

Now showing items 1-17 of 17

    • Cross-National Analysis of the Associations among Mental Disorders and Suicidal Behavior: Findings from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys 

      Angermeyer, Matthias; Beautrais, Annette; Borges, Guilherme; Bromet, Evelyn; Bruffaerts, Ronny; de Girolamo, Giovanni; de Graaf, Ron; Florescu, Silvia; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Hu, Chiyi; Huang, Yueqin; Karam, Elie G.; Kawakami, Norito; Kovess, Viviane; Levinson, Daphna; Posada-Villa, Jose; Sagar, Rajesh; Tomov, Toma; Viana, Maria Carmen; Nock, Matthew K.; Hwang, Irving; Sampson, Nancy A.; Kessler, Ronald; Williams, David R. (Public Library of Science, 2009)
      Background: Suicide is a leading cause of death worldwide. Mental disorders are among the strongest predictors of suicide; however, little is known about which disorders are uniquely predictive of suicidal behavior, the ...

    • Deworming and Development: Asking the Right Questions, Asking the Questions Right 

      Bundy, Donald A. P.; Kremer, Michael R.; Bleakley, Hoyt; Jukes, Matthew; Miguel, Edward (Public Library of Science, 2009)
      Two billion people are infected with intestinal worms. In many areas, the majority of schoolchildren are infected, and the World Health Organization (WHO) has called for school-based mass deworming. The key area for debate ...

    • Dietary Fat Intake and Cognitive Decline in Women With Type 2 Diabetes 

      Devore, Elizabeth Ellen; Stampfer, Meir; Breteler, Monique M.; Rosner, Bernard Alfred; Kang, Jae Hee Hee; Okereke, Olivia Ifeoma; Hu, Frank B.; Grodstein, Francine (American Diabetes Association, 2009)
      OBJECTIVE: Individuals with type 2 diabetes have high risk of late-life cognitive impairment, yet little is known about strategies to modify risk. Targeting insulin resistance and vascular complications—both associated ...

    • Ebola Virus Epidemiology and Evolution in Nigeria 

      Folarin, Onikepe A.; Ehichioya, Deborah; Schaffner, Stephen F.; Winnicki, Sarah M.; Wohl, Shirlee; Eromon, Philomena; West, Kendra L.; Gladden-Young, Adrianne; Oyejide, Nicholas E.; Matranga, Christian B.; Deme, Awa Bineta; James, Ayorinde; Tomkins-Tinch, Christopher; Onyewurunwa, Kenneth; Ladner, Jason T.; Palacios, Gustavo; Nosamiefan, Iguosadolo; Andersen, Kristian G.; Omilabu, Sunday; Park, Daniel J.; Yozwiak, Nathan L.; Nasidi, Abdusallam; Garry, Robert F.; Tomori, Oyewale; Sabeti, Pardis C.; Happi, Christian T. (Oxford University Press, 2016)
      Containment limited the 2014 Nigerian Ebola virus (EBOV) disease outbreak to 20 reported cases and 8 fatalities. We present here clinical data and contact information for at least 19 case patients, and full-length EBOV ...

    • Egocentric Social Network Structure, Health, and Pro-Social Behaviors in a National Panel Study of Americans 

      O’Malley, A. James; Arbesman, Samuel; Steiger, Darby Miller; Fowler, James H.; Christakis, Nicholas Alexander (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Using a population-based, panel survey, we study how egocentric social networks change over time, and the relationship between egocentric network properties and health and pro-social behaviors. We find that the number of ...

    • Hospital Performance, the Local Economy, and the Local Workforce: Findings from a US National Longitudinal Study 

      Blustein, Jan; Borden, William B.; Valentine, Melissa A (Public Library of Science, 2010)
      Background: Pay-for-performance is an increasingly popular approach to improving health care quality, and the US government will soon implement pay-for-performance in hospitals nationwide. Yet hospital capacity to perform ...

    • Imitation Dynamics of Vaccination Behaviour on Social Networks 

      Fu, Feng; Rosenbloom, Daniel I; Wang, Longfei; Nowak, Martin A. (Royal Society of London, 2011)
      The problem of achieving widespread immunity to infectious diseases by voluntary vaccination is often presented as a public-goods dilemma, as an individual's vaccination contributes to herd immunity, protecting those who ...

    • Impact of Extended-Duration Shifts on Medical Errors, Adverse Events, and Attentional Failures 

      Barger, Laura; Ayas, Najib T; Cade, Brian E; Cronin, John W; Rosner, Bernard Alfred; Speizer, Frank Erwin; Czeisler, Charles Andrew (Public Library of Science, 2006)
      Background: A recent randomized controlled trial in critical-care units revealed that the elimination of extended-duration work shifts (≥24 h) reduces the rates of significant medical errors and polysomnographically recorded ...

    • Landmark Prediction of Survival 

      Parast, Layla (2013-02-12)
      The importance of developing personalized risk prediction estimates has become increasingly evident in recent years. In general, patient populations may be heterogenous and represent a mixture of different unknown subtypes ...

    • Lifetime Prevalence of Dsm-Iv Mental Disorders Among New Soldiers in the U.S. Army: Results From the Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS) 

      Rosellini, Anthony; Heeringa, Steven G.; Stein, Murray B.; Ursano, Robert J.; Chiu, Wai Tat; Colpe, Lisa J.; Fullerton, Carol S.; Gilman, Stephen Edward; Hwang, Irving; Naifeh, James A.; Nock, Matthew K.; Petukhova, Maria; Sampson, Nancy A.; Schoenbaum, Michael; Zaslavsky, Alan M.; Kessler, Ronald (Wiley-Blackwell, 2014)
      Background The prevalence of 30-day mental disorders with retrospectively-reported early onsets is significantly higher in the U.S. Army than among socio-demographically matched civilians. This difference could reflect ...

    • Mental Disorders, Comorbidity, and Suicidal Behavior: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication 

      Nock, Matthew K.; Hwang, Irving; Sampson, Nancy A. (Nature Publishing Group, 2009)
      Mental disorders are among the strongest predictors of suicide attempts. However, little is known about which disorders are uniquely associated with suicidal behavior due to high levels of psychiatric comorbidity. We ...

    • Point of failure as a predictor of in vitro fertilization treatment discontinuation 

      Pearson, Kimberly; Hauser, Russ B.; Cramer, Daniel William; Missmer, Stacey Ann (Elsevier BV, 2009)
      Among 2245 women, those who experienced a chemical pregnancy that failed to progress to a clinically recognized pregnancy or a spontaneous abortion on their first IVF cycle were more likely to discontinue IVF treatment ...

    • Risk factors for the incidence and persistence of suicide-related outcomes: A 10-year follow-up study using the National Comorbidity Surveys 

      Borges, Guilherme; Angst, Jules; Nock, Matthew K.; Ruscio, Ayelet Meron; Kessler, Ronald (Elsevier BV, 2008)
      Background We report prospective associations of baseline risk factors with the first onset and persistence of suicide-related outcomes (SROs; ideation, plans, gestures, and attempts) over a 10-year interval among ...

    • Sociodemographic and career history predictors of suicide mortality in the United States Army 2004–2009 

      Gilman, Stephen Edward; Bromet, E. J.; Cox, K. L.; Colpe, L. J.; Fullerton, C. S.; Gruber, M; Heeringa, S. G.; Lewandowski-Romps, L.; Millikan-Bell, A. M.; Naifeh, J. A.; Nock, Matthew K.; Petukhova, Maria; Sampson, Nancy A.; Schoenbaum, M.; Stein, M. B.; Ursano, R. J.; Wessely, S.; Zaslavsky, Alan M.; Kessler, Ronald (Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2014)
      The US Army suicide rate has increased sharply in recent years. Identifying significant predictors of Army suicides in Army and Department of Defense (DoD) administrative records might help focus prevention efforts and ...

    • Statistical Methods for Clinical Trials with Multiple Outcomes, HIV Surveillance, and Nonparametric Meta-Analysis 

      Claggett, Brian Lee (2012-08-17)
      Central to the goals of public health are obtaining and interpreting timely and relevant information for the benefit of humanity. In this dissertation, we propose methods to monitor and assess the spread HIV in a more rapid ...

    • Understanding the elevated suicide risk of female soldiers during deployments 

      Street, A. E.; Gilman, Stephen Edward; Rosellini, A; Stein, M. B.; Bromet, E. J.; Cox, K. L.; Colpe, L. J.; Fullerton, C. S.; Gruber, M; Heeringa, S. G.; Lewandowski-Romps, L.; Little, R. J. A.; Naifeh, J. A.; Nock, Matthew K.; Sampson, Nancy A.; Schoenbaum, M.; Ursano, R. J.; Zaslavsky, Alan M.; Kessler, Ronald (Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2014)
      Background The Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS) has found that the proportional elevation in the US Army enlisted soldier suicide rate during deployment (compared with the ...

    • Vaccines: Populations, Individuals and Models 

      Joshi, Keya Durga (2023-06-01)
      The 2009 H1N1 influenza and 2019 SARS-CoV-2 pandemics have highlighted the need for control measures against emerging infectious diseases. Vaccines are currently the most effective intervention against these pathogens, ...