Now showing items 1-20 of 84

    • Actions speak louder than words: An elaborated theoretical model of the social functions of self-injury and other harmful behaviors 

      Nock, Matthew K. (Elsevier BV, 2008)
      The question of why some people do things that are intentionally harmful to themselves continues to puzzle scientists, clinicians, and the public. Prior studies have demonstrated that one fairly extreme, direct form of ...
    • Analyzing The Evolution and Diversification of Lepidoptera Using Multi-Spectral Images 

      Chan, Wei-Ping (2023-06-01)
      Insects comprise an estimated 60% of all described species, and butterflies are among the best known of all insect taxa. The order Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) contains approximately 160,000 species in 126 families. ...
    • Asa Gray and Charles Darwin: Corresponding Naturalists 

      Browne, Janet E (Harvard University Herbaria, 2010)
      Recent work on the rise of science in the nineteenth century has encouraged historians to look again at the role of correspondence. Naturalists relied extensively on this form of contact and correspondence was a major ...
    • The Biomechanics and Evolution of High-Speed Throwing 

      Roach, Neil (2012-10-31)
      Throwing with power and accuracy is a uniquely human behavior and a potentially important mode of early hunting. Chimpanzees, our closest living relatives, do occasionally throw, although with much less velocity. At some ...
    • Breed Differences in Domestic Dogs' (Canis familiaris) Comprehension of Human Communicative Signals 

      Wobber, Victoria Elizabeth; Hare, Brian; Koler-Matznick, Janice; Wrangham, Richard W.; Tomasello, Michael (John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2009)
      Recent research suggests that some human-like social skills evolved in dogs (Canis familiaris) during domestication as an incidental by-product of selection for “tame” forms of behavior. It is still possible, however, that ...
    • Burkholderia Xenovorans LB400 Harbors a Multi-Replicon, 9.73-Mbp Genome Shaped for Versatility 

      Konstantinidis, Konstantinos T.; Seeger, Michael; Vergez, Lisa M.; Chain, Patrick S. G.; Malfatti, Stephanie A.; Denef, Vincent J.; Zhulin, Igor B.; Mahenthiralingam, Eshwar; LiPuma, John J.; Lao, Victoria; Larimer, Frank; Cordova, Macarena; Sul, Woo Jun; Tiedje, James M.; Spilker, Theodore; Land, Miriam; Tsoi, Tamara V.; Ulrich, Luke E.; Reyes, Valeria Latorre; Agullo, Loreine; Smith, Daryl; Parnell, J. Jacob; Ramette, Alban; Hauser, Loren; Richardson, Paul; Marx, Christopher; Gonzalez, Myriam; Gomez, Luis (National Academy of Sciences, 2006)
      <i>Burkholderia xenovorans</i> LB400 (LB400), a well studied, effective polychlorinated biphenyl-degrader, has one of the two largest known bacterial genomes and is the first nonpathogenic <i>Burkholderia</i> isolate ...
    • The Case for Selection at CCR5-Δ32 

      Walsh, Emily; Schaffner, Steve F; Varilly, Patrick; Fry, Ben; Hutcheson, Holli B; Cullen, Mike; Mikkelsen, Tarjei S; Roy, Jessica; Patterson, Nick; Sabeti, Pardis Christine; Cooper, Richard; Reich, David Emil; Altshuler, David Matthew; O'Brien, Stephen James; Lander, Eric Steven (Public Library of Science, 2005)
      The C-C chemokine receptor 5, 32 base-pair deletion (CCR5-Δ32) allele confers strong resistance to infection by the AIDS virus HIV. Previous studies have suggested that CCR5-Δ32 arose within the past 1,000 y and rose to ...
    • Competition-Colonization Dynamics in an RNA Virus 

      Ojosnegros, Samuel; Beerenwinkel, Niko; Antal, Tibor; Nowak, Martin A.; Escarmis, Christina; Domingo, Esteban (National Academy of Sciences, 2010)
      During replication, RNA viruses rapidly generate diverse mutant progeny which differ in their ability to kill host cells. We report that the progeny of a single RNA viral genome diversified during hundreds of passages in ...
    • Computational Questions in Evolution 

      Kanade, Varun (2012-10-23)
      Darwin's theory (1859) proposes that evolution progresses by the survival of those individuals in the population that have greater fitness. Modern understanding of Darwinian evolution is that variation in phenotype, or ...
    • Conserved Roles for Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 in the Regulation of Lateral Organ Development in Aquilegia X Coerulea 'Origami' 

      Gleason, Emily Jean; Kramer, Elena M. (Springer (Biomed Central Ltd.), 2013)
      Background: Epigenetic regulation is necessary for maintaining gene expression patterns in multicellular organisms. The Polycomb Group (PcG) proteins form several complexes with important and deeply conserved epigenetic ...
    • Cooperate without looking: Why we care what people think and not just what they do 

      Hoffman, Moshe H.; Yoeli, Erez; Nowak, Martin A. (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2015)
      Evolutionary game theory typically focuses on actions but ignores motives. Here, we introduce a model that takes into account the motive behind the action. A crucial question is why do we trust people more who cooperate ...
    • The Cost of Gene Expression Underlies a Fitness Trade-Off in Yeast 

      Lang, Gregory I.; Murray, Andrew W.; Botstein, David (National Academy of Sciences, 2009)
      Natural selection optimizes an organism's genotype within the context of its environment. Adaptations to one environment can decrease fitness in another, revealing evolutionary trade-offs. Here, we show that the cost of ...
    • Current views on chelicerate phylogeny—A tribute to Peter Weygoldt 

      Giribet, Gonzalo (Elsevier BV, 2018)
      Peter Weygoldt pioneered studies of arachnid phylogeny by providing the first synapomorphy scheme to underpin inter-ordinal relationships. Since this seminal work, arachnid relationships have been evaluated using morphological ...
    • Detective Work in the West Indies: Integrating Historical and Experimental Approaches to Study Island Lizard Evolution 

      Losos, Jonathan (American Institute of Biological Sciences, 2007)
      Evolutionary biology is a historical science, like astronomy and geology. Understanding how and why evolution has occurred requires synthesizing multiple lines of inquiry. Historical studies, such as those that estimate ...
    • Development and evolution of the larval stomach of the Budgett’s Frog, Lepidobatrachus laevis 

      Austiff, Jennifer Kay (2023-09-06)
      Anurans have a highly conserved biphasic life history with morphologically- and ecologically- divergent tadpole and adult phases. Tadpoles are typically aquatic, filter-feeding herbivores that transform dramatically during ...
    • Direct Reciprocity with Costly Punishment: Generous Tit-for-Tat Prevails 

      Rand, David Gertler; Ohtsuki, Hisashi; Nowak, Martin A. (Elsevier, 2009)
      The standard model for direct reciprocity is the repeated Prisoner's Dilemma, where in each round players choose between cooperation and defection. Here we extend the standard framework to include costly punishment. Now ...
    • Energy Flows in Low-Entropy Complex Systems 

      Chaisson, Eric J. (MDPI AG, 2015)
      Nature’s many complex systems—physical, biological, and cultural—are islands of low-entropy order within increasingly disordered seas of surrounding, high-entropy chaos. Energy is a principal facilitator of the rising ...
    • Energy rate density as a complexity metric and evolutionary driver 

      Chaisson, Eric J. (Wiley-Blackwell, 2010)
      The proposition that complexity generally increases with evolution seems indisputable. Both developmental and generational changes often display a rise in the number and diversity of properties describing a wide spectrum ...
    • Energy rate density. II. Probing further a new complexity metric 

      Chaisson, Eric J. (Wiley-Blackwell, 2011)
      Appraisal of the concept of energy rate density continues, as both a potential quantitative metric for complexity studies and a key feature of a unifying hypothesis for the origin and evolution of material systems throughout ...
    • Epigenetic Effects of Polymorphic Y Chromosomes Modulate Chromatin Components, Immune Response, and Sexual Conflict 

      Silva, Bernardo Lemos; Hartl, Daniel L.; Branco, Alan T. (National Academy of Sciences, 2010)
      Genetic conflicts between sexes and generations provide a foundation for understanding the functional evolution of sex chromosomes and sexually dimorphic phenotypes. Y chromosomes of Drosophila contain multi-megabase ...