Browsing FAS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 2996-3015 of 18292
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Conversion of Mouse and Human Fibroblasts into Functional Spinal Motor Neurons
(Elsevier BV, 2011)The mammalian nervous system is composed of a multitude of distinct neuronal subtypes, each with its own phenotype and differential sensitivity to degenerative disease. Although specific neuronal types can be isolated from ... -
Convex Lens-Induced Confinement for Imaging Single Molecules
(American Chemical Society (ACS), 2010)Fluorescence imaging is used to study the dynamics of a wide variety of single molecules in solution or attached to a surface. Two key challenges in this pursuit are (1) to image immobilized single molecules in the presence ... -
Convex-Split and Hypothesis Testing Approach to One-Shot Quantum Measurement Compression and Randomness Extraction
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2019-09)We consider the problem of quantum measurement compression with side information in the one-shot setting with shared randomness. In this problem, Alice shares a pure state with Reference and Bob and she performs a measurement ... -
Convolutional Networks on Graphs for Learning Molecular Fingerprints.
(Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation, Inc., 2015)We introduce a convolutional neural network that operates directly on graphs. These networks allow end-to-end learning of prediction pipelines whose inputs are graphs of arbitrary size and shape. The architecture we present ... -
Cooking and the Human Commitment to a High-quality Diet
(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2009)For our body size, humans exhibit higher energy use yet reduced structures for mastication and digestion of food compared to chimpanzees, our closest living relatives. This suite of features suggests that humans are adapted ... -
Cooking shapes the structure and function of the gut microbiome
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2019-09-30)Diet is a critical determinant of variation in gut microbial structure and function, outweighing even host genetics. Numerous microbiome studies have compared diets with divergent ingredients, but the everyday practice of ... -
The Cool Accretion Disk in ESO 243-49 HLX-1: Further Evidence of an Intermediate-Mass Black Hole
(IOP Publishing, 2011)With an inferred bolometric luminosity exceeding \(10^{42}\;erg\;s^{–1}\), HLX-1 in ESO 243-49 is the most luminous of ultraluminous X-ray sources and provides one of the strongest cases for the existence of intermediate-mass ... -
Cooling and Collisions of Large Gas Phase Molecules
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2010)Cold and dense samples of naphthalene \((C_{10}H_8)\) are produced using buffer gas cooling in combination with rapid, high flow molecule injection. The observed naphthalene density is \(n \approx 10^{11} cm_{−3}\) over a ... -
Cooling of US Midwest summer temperature extremes from cropland intensification
(Nature Publishing Group, 2015)High temperature extremes during the growing season can reduce agricultural production. At the same time, agricultural practices can modify temperatures by altering the surface energy budget. Here we identify centennial ... -
Cooling radiation and the Ly alpha luminosity of forming galaxies
(American Astronomical Society, 2001)We examine the cooling radiation from forming galaxies in hydrodynamic simulations of the LCDM model (cold dark matter with a cosmological constant), focusing on the Ly alpha line luminosities of high-redshift systems. ... -
Cooling the heat of temptation: Mental self-control and the automatic evaluation of tempting stimuli
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2010)The present research investigated whether mental self-control strategies can reduce the automatic positivity elicited by tempting stimuli. In two studies employing chocolate as the temptation of interest, we found that ... -
Cooling through Optimal Control of Quantum Evolution
(American Physical Society (APS), 2013)Nonadiabatic unitary evolution with tailored time-dependent Hamiltonians can prepare systems of cold-atomic gases with various desired properties such as low excess energies. For a system of two one-dimensional quasicondensates ... -
Cooper pairing in non-Fermi liquids
(American Physical Society (APS), 2015)States of matter with a sharp Fermi surface but no well-defined Landau quasiparticles arise in a number of physical systems. Examples include (i) quantum critical points associated with the onset of order in metals; (ii) ... -
Cooperate without looking: Why we care what people think and not just what they do
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2015)Evolutionary game theory typically focuses on actions but ignores motives. Here, we introduce a model that takes into account the motive behind the action. A crucial question is why do we trust people more who cooperate ... -
Cooperation and conflict in human pregnancy
(Elsevier BV, 2019-06) -
Cooperation and control in multiplayer social dilemmas
(National Academy of Sciences, 2014)Direct reciprocity and conditional cooperation are important mechanisms to prevent free riding in social dilemmas. However, in large groups, these mechanisms may become ineffective because they require single individuals ... -
Cooperation and the Fate of Microbial Societies
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Microorganisms have been cooperating with each other for billions of years: by sharing resources, communicating with each other, and joining together to form biofilms and other large structures. These cooperative behaviors ... -
Cooperation between Polycomb and androgen receptor during oncogenic transformation
(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2011)Androgen receptor (AR) is a hormone-activated transcription factor that plays important roles in prostate development and function, as well as malignant transformation. The downstream pathways of AR, however, are incompletely ... -
Cooperation by Design: Leadership, Structure, and Collective Dilemmas
(Cambridge University Press, 1990)We return to the analysis of cooperation among interdependent rational individuals. We emphasize the limited impact of iteration (or repeated play) and explore the possibility of an alternative: intervention by rational ... -
Cooperation, decision time, and culture: Online experiments with American and Indian participants
(Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2017)Two separate bodies of work have examined whether culture affects cooperation in economic games and whether cooperative or non-cooperative decisions occur more quickly. Here, we connect this work by exploring the relationship ...