Browsing FAS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 6432-6451 of 18292
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Generation of wavelength-independent subwavelength Bessel beams using metasurfaces
(Springer Nature, 2017)Bessel beams are of great interest due to their unique non-diffractive properties. Using a conical prism or an objective paired with an annular aperture are two typical approaches for generating zeroth-order Bessel beams. ... -
Generation Times in Wild Chimpanzees and Gorillas Suggest Earlier Divergence Times in Great Ape and Human Evolution
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2012)Fossils and molecular data are two independent sources of information that should in principle provide consistent inferences of when evolutionary lineages diverged. Here we use an alternative approach to genetic inference ... -
A Generative View of Historical Linguistics
(University of California Press, 1971) -
Generic Comparisons
(Oxford University Press, 2010)The paper discusses comparative generic sentences As are F-er than Bs—girls do better than boys in grade school, for example—which pose severe problems for extant accounts. In their stead, the paper proposes reconceiving ... -
Generic Global Rigidity in Complex and Pseudo-Euclidean Spaces
(Springer, 2014)In this paper we study the property of generic global rigidity for frameworks of graphs embedded in d-dimensional complex space and in a d-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean space R\(^{2}\) with a metric of indefinite signature). ... -
Generic spectrum and ionization efficiency of a heavy initial mass function for the first stars
(American Astronomical Society, 2001)We calculate the generic spectral signature of an early population of massive stars at high redshifts. For metal-free stars with mass above 300 Mo. we find that the combined spectral luminosity per unit stellar mass is ... -
Generically Free Choice
(Springer Nature, 2010)This paper discusses free-choice like effects in generics. Just as Jane may drink coffee or tea can be used to convey Jane may drink coffee and Jane may drink tea (she is “free to choose”), some generics with disjunctive ... -
Generics and the Ways of Normality
(Springer Verlag, 2008)I contrast two approaches to the interpretation of generics such as ‘ravens are black:’ majority-based views, on which they are about what is the case most of the time, and inquiry-based views, on which they are about a ... -
Generosity: A Winner's Advice
(Nature Publishing Group, 2008)Mathematical models can reveal how prosocial human behaviour — and even social intelligence and language — have evolved, argues Martin A. Nowak. -
Genes Contributing to Staphylococcus aureus Fitness in Abscess- and Infection-Related Ecologies
(American Society of Microbiology, 2014)ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of both community- and hospital-acquired infections that are increasingly antibiotic resistant. The emergence of S. aureus resistance to even last-line antibiotics heightens ... -
Genes Involved in the Evolution of Herbivory by a Leaf-Mining, Drosophilid Fly
(Oxford University Press (OUP), 2012)Herbivorous insects are among the most successful radiations of life. However, we know little about the processes underpinning the evolution of herbivory. We examined the evolution of herbivory in the fly, Scaptomyza flava, ... -
Genes with monoallelic expression contribute disproportionately to genetic diversity in humans
(2016)An unexpectedly large number of human autosomal genes are subject to monoallelic expression (MAE). Our analysis of 4,227 such genes reveals surprisingly high genetic variation across human populations. This increased ... -
The Genesis and Time Distribution of Two Distinctive Proterozoic Stromatolite Microstructures
(Society for Sedimentary Geology, 1998)Stromatolites are commonly viewed as sedimentary proxies for microbial communities. In consequence, secular variation in stromatolite form has been attributed to evolutionary change in mat organisms and/or their interactions ... -
Genetic Adaptation Associated with Genome-Doubling in Autotetraploid Arabidopsis arenosa
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Genome duplication, which results in polyploidy, is disruptive to fundamental biological processes. Genome duplications occur spontaneously in a range of taxa and problems such as sterility, aneuploidy, and gene expression ... -
Genetic Algorithm Optimization of Dynamic Support Vector Regression
(2009)We show that genetic algorithms (GA) find optimized dynamic support vector machines (DSVMs) more efficiently than the grid search (GS) optimization approach. In addition, we show that GA-DSVMs find extremely low-error ... -
Genetic Analysis of Human Traits In Vitro: Drug Response and Gene Expression in Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines
(Public Library of Science, 2008)Lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs), originally collected as renewable sources of DNA, are now being used as a model system to study genotype–phenotype relationships in human cells, including searches for QTLs influencing ... -
Genetic and 'cultural' similarity in wild chimpanzees
(The Royal Society, 2010)The question of whether animals possess ‘cultures’ or ‘traditions’ continues to generate widespread theoretical and empirical interest. Studies of wild chimpanzees have featured prominently in this discussion, as the ... -
A genetic and computational approach to structurally classify neuronal types
(2014)The importance of cell types in understanding brain function is widely appreciated but only a tiny fraction of neuronal diversity has been catalogued. Here, we exploit recent progress in genetic definition of cell types ... -
The Genetic and Molecular Basis for Sunscreen Biosynthesis in Cyanobacteria
(American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2010)Ultraviolet UV-A and UV-B radiation is harmful to living systems, causing damage to biological macromolecules. An important strategy for dealing with UV exposure is the biosynthesis of small-molecule sunscreens. Among such ... -
Genetic and Phenotypic Comparison of Facultative Methylotrophy between Methylobacterium extorquens Strains PA1 and AM1
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Methylobacterium extorquens AM1, a strain serendipitously isolated half a century ago, has become the best-characterized model system for the study of aerobic methylotrophy (the ability to grow on reduced single-carbon ...