Browsing HBS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 247-266 of 853
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Enabling Versus Controlling
(2015-07-21)In an increasing number of industries, firms choose how much control to give professionals over the provision of their services to clients. We study the tradeoffs that arise in choosing between a traditional mode (where ... -
Enabling Versus Controlling - Online Appendix
(2015-07-21)This online appendix contains the derivation of the closed form solutions for the examples used in the main paper. It also details the numerical analysis performed to check the robustness of the first part of Corollary 1 ... -
The energizing nature of work engagement: Toward a new need-based theory of work motivation
(Elsevier BV, 2017)We present theory suggesting that experiences at work that meet employees’ expectations of need fulfillment drive work engagement. Employees have needs (e.g., a desire to be authentic) and they also have expectations for ... -
Engaging Supply Chains in Climate Change
(2013)Suppliers are increasingly being asked to share information about their vulnerability to climate change and their strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Their responses vary widely. We theorize and empirically ... -
Engineering Serendipity: The Role of Cognitive Similarity in Knowledge Sharing and Knowledge Production
(2019-11)We consider how the cognitive similarity between knowledge-sharing partners affects the knowledge-production process, namely knowledge transfer, creation, and diffusion. We theorize that knowledge production is systematically ... -
Enhancing the Practical Relevance of Research
(2016-02-23)This article seeks to encourage scholars to conduct research that is more relevant to the decisions faced by managers and policymakers. I define relevant research papers as those whose research questions address problems ... -
Entrepreneurial Imagination and a Demand and Supply-side Perspective on the MNE and Cross-border Organization
(Elsevier, 2015)This article explores the role of entrepreneurial imagination on the international expansion of multinational enterprises. The focus is on supply- and demand-side factors that help explicate cross-border expansion. The ... -
Entrepreneurial Learning and Strategic Foresight
(Wiley, 2021-07)We study how learning by experience across projects affects an entrepreneur's strategic foresight. In a quantitative study of 314 entrepreneurs across 722 crowdfunded projects supplemented with a program of qualitative ... -
Entrepreneurs and the Co-Creation of Ecotourism in Costa Rica
(2017-03-28)Between the 1970s and the 2000s Costa Rica became established as the world’s leading ecotourism destination. This working paper suggests that although Costa Rica benefited from biodiversity and a pleasant climate, the ... -
Entrepreneurs, Firms and Global Wealth since 1850
(2013-05-22)This working paper integrates the role of entrepreneurship and firms into debates on why Asia, Latin America and Africa was slow to catch up with the West following the Industrial Revolution and the advent of modern economic ... -
Entrepreneurship and Business Groups: An Evolutionary Perspective on the Growth of the Koç Group in Turkey
(2014-12-08)This working paper examines the origins and development of the Koç Group, which grew to be the largest business group in Turkey. This enterprise was an important actor in the emergence of modern business enterprise in the ... -
Entrepreneurship and Urban Growth: An Empirical Assessment with Historical Mines
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press (MIT Press), 2014-05-13)Measures of entrepreneurship, such as average establishment size and the prevalence of start-ups, correlate strongly with employment growth across and within metropolitan areas, but the endogeneity of these measures bedevils ... -
Entrepreneurship as Experimentation
(American Economic Association, 2014)Entrepreneurship research is on the rise, but many questions about its fundamental nature still exist. We argue that entrepreneurship is about experimentation: the probabilities of success are low, extremely skewed, and ... -
Entrepreneurship in the Natural Food and Beauty Categories before 2000: Global Visions and Local Expressions
(2012-09-04)This working paper examines the creation of the global natural food and beauty categories before 2000. This is shown to have been a lengthy process of new category creation involving the exercise of entrepreneurial ... -
Entry Points: Gaining Momentum in Early-Stage Cross-Boundary Collaborations
(SAGE Publications, 2022-08-09)To address complex social challenges, it is widely recognized that leaders from public, for-profit, and civic organizations should join forces. Yet, well-intended collaborators often struggle to achieve alignment and fail ... -
Environmental Demands and the Emergence of Social Structure
(SAGE Publications, 2015-09-25)This study investigates the origins of variation in the structures of interorganizational networks across industries. We combine empirical analyses of existing interorganizational networks in six industries with an agent-based ... -
Epistemic Contests and the Legitimacy of the World Trade Organization: The Brazil–USA Cotton Dispute and the Incremental Balancing of Interests
(2012)The World Trade Organization (WTO) features prominently in studies of international institutions, often cast either as a tool of rich-world domination over the poorer South or as a neutral mediator facilitating a tariff-free ... -
Equal Opportunity? Gender Gaps in CEO Appointments and Executive Pay
(2016-02-23)This paper uses exceptionally rich data on Swedish corporate executives and their personal characteristics to study gender gaps in CEO appointments and pay. Both gaps are sizeable: 18% for CEO appointments and 27% for pay. ... -
Equality and Equity in Compensation
(2017-04-28)Equity compensation is widely used for incentivizing skilled employees, particularly in new technology businesses. Traditional theories explaining why firms offer equity suggest that workers with higher rank should receive ... -
Equalizing Outcomes vs. Equalizing Opportunities: Optimal Taxation when Children' s Abilities Depend on Parents' Resources
(2012-09-17)Empirical research suggests that parents’ economic resources affect their children’s future earnings abilities. Optimal tax policy therefore will treat future ability distributions as endogenous to current taxes. We model ...