The Association between Hypertension and Depression and Anxiety Disorders: Results from a Nationally-Representative Sample of South African Adults
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The Association between Hypertension and Depression and Anxiety Disorders: Results from a Nationally-Representative Sample of South African Adults
| Title: | The Association between Hypertension and Depression and Anxiety Disorders: Results from a Nationally-Representative Sample of South African Adults |
| Author: |
Grimsrud, Anna; Seedat, Soraya; Myer, Landon; Miranda, J. Jaime; Stein, Dan J.; Williams, David
Note: Order does not necessarily reflect citation order of authors. |
| Citation: | Grimsrud, Anna, Dan J.Stein, Soraya Seedat, David Williams, Landon Myer, and J. Jaime Miranda. 2009. The association between hypertension and depression and anxiety disorders: Results from a nationally-representative sample of South African adults. PLoS ONE 4(5): e5552. |
| Full Text & Related Files: |
2678252.pdf (113.0Kb; PDF) 
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| Abstract: | Objective Growing evidence suggests high levels of comorbidity between hypertension and mental illness but there are few data from low- and middle-income countries. We examined the association between hypertension and depression and anxiety in South Africa.Methods Data come from a nationally-representative survey of adults (n = 4351). The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to measure DSM-IV mental disorders during the previous 12-months. The relationships between self-reported hypertension and anxiety disorders, depressive disorders and comorbid anxiety-depression were assessed after adjustment for participant characteristics including experience of trauma and other chronic physical conditions.Results Overall 16.7% reported a previous medical diagnosis of hypertension, and 8.1% and 4.9% were found to have a 12-month anxiety or depressive disorder, respectively. In adjusted analyses, hypertension diagnosis was associated with 12-month anxiety disorders [Odds ratio (OR) = 1.55, 95% Confidence interval (CI) = 1.10–2.18] but not 12-month depressive disorders or 12-month comorbid anxiety-depression. Hypertension in the absence of other chronic physical conditions was not associated with any of the 12-month mental health outcomes (p-values all <0.05), while being diagnosed with both hypertension and another chronic physical condition were associated with 12-month anxiety disorders (OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.46–3.45), but not 12-month depressive disorders or comorbid anxiety-depression.Conclusions These are the first population-based estimates to demonstrate an association between hypertension and mental disorders in sub-Saharan Africa. Further investigation is needed into role of traumatic life events in the aetiology of hypertension as well as the temporality of the association between hypertension and mental disorders. |
| Published Version: | doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0005552 |
| Other Sources: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2678252/pdf/ |
| Terms of Use: | This article is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Open Access Policy Articles, as set forth at http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of-use#OAP |
| Citable link to this page: | http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:4453999 |
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Peer reviewed scholarly articles from the Faculty of Arts and Sciences of Harvard University
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