Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title

Now showing items 1520-1539 of 18428

    • Autophagy Correlates with the Therapeutic Responsiveness of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma in 3D Models 

      Barbone, Dario; Follo, Carlo; Echeverry, Nohemy; Gerbaudo, Victor H.; Klabatsa, Astero; Bueno, Raphael; Felley-Bosco, Emanuela; Broaddus, V. Courtney (Public Library of Science, 2015)
      Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a highly chemoresistant solid tumor. We have studied this apoptotic resistance using in vitro and ex vivo three-dimensional models, which acquire a high level of chemoresistance that can ...

    • Autophagy enforces functional integrity of regulatory T cells by coupling environmental cues and metabolic homeostasis 

      Wei, Jun; Long, Lingyun; Yang, Kai; Guy, Cliff; Shrestha, Sharad; Chen, Zuojia; Wu, Chuan; Vogel, Peter; Neale, Geoffrey; Green, Douglas R; Chi, Hongbo (2015)
      Regulatory T (Treg) cells respond to immune and inflammatory signals to mediate immunosuppression, but how functional integrity of Treg cells is maintained under activating environments remains elusive. Here we found that ...

    • Autophagy in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis 

      Patel, Avignat Suresh; Lin, Ling; Geyer, Alexander; Haspel, Jeffrey Adam; An, Chang Hyeok; Cao, Jiaofei; Rosas, Ivan O.; Morse, Danielle (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Background: Autophagy is a basic cellular homeostatic process important to cell fate decisions under conditions of stress. Dysregulation of autophagy impacts numerous human diseases including cancer and chronic obstructive ...

    • Autophagy in Lysosomal Storage Disorders 

      Lieberman, Andrew P.; Puertollano, Rosa; Raben, Nina; Slaugenhaupt, Susan Ann; Walkley, Steven U.; Ballabio, Andrea (Landes Bioscience, 2012)
      Lysosomes are ubiquitous intracellular organelles that have an acidic internal pH, and play crucial roles in cellular clearance. Numerous functions depend on normal lysosomes, including the turnover of cellular constituents, ...

    • Autophagy in Neurodegenerative Diseases: From Mechanism to Therapeutic Approach 

      Nah, Jihoon; Yuan, Junying; Jung, Yong-Keun (Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology, 2015)
      Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent intracellular degradation process that allows recycling of cytoplasmic constituents into bioenergetic and biosynthetic materials for maintenance of homeostasis. Since the function of ...

    • Autophagy promotes immune evasion of pancreatic cancer by degrading MHC-I 

      Yamamoto, Keisuke; Venida, Anthony; Yano, Julian; Biancur, Douglas E.; Kakiuchi, Miwako; Gupta, Suprit; Sohn, Albert S. W.; Mukhopadhyay, Subhadip; Lin, Elaine Y.; Parker, Seth J.; Banh, Robert S.; Paulo, Joao A.; Wen, Kwun Wah; Debnath, Jayanta; Kim, Grace E.; Mancias, Joseph D.; Fearon, Douglas T.; Perera, Rushika M.; Kimmelman, Alec C. (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-04-22)
      Immune evasion through impaired antigen presentation contributes to the growth and spread of many cancers1. Common mechanisms for immune evasion include mutations or loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the major histocompatibility ...

    • Autoreactivity and Exceptional CDR Plasticity (but Not Unusual Polyspecificity) Hinder Elicitation of the Anti-HIV Antibody 4E10 

      Finton, Kathryn A. K.; Larimore, Kevin; Larman, H. Benjamin; Friend, Della; Correnti, Colin; Rupert, Peter B.; Elledge, Stephen J.; Greenberg, Philip D.; Strong, Roland K. (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      The broadly-neutralizing anti-HIV antibody 4E10 recognizes an epitope in the membrane-proximal external region of the HIV envelope protein gp41. Previous attempts to elicit 4E10 by vaccination with envelope-derived or ...

    • Autoreactivity to Glucose Regulated Protein 78 Links Emphysema and Osteoporosis in Smokers 

      Bon, Jessica; Kahloon, Rehan; Zhang, Yingze; Xue, Jianmin; Fuhrman, Carl R.; Tan, Jiangning; Burger, Mathew; Kass, Daniel J.; Csizmadia, Eva; Otterbein, Leo; Chandra, Divay; Bhargava, Arpit; Pilewski, Joseph M.; Roodman, G. David; Sciurba, Frank C.; Duncan, Steven R. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Rationale: Emphysema and osteoporosis are epidemiologically associated diseases of cigarette smokers. The causal mechanism(s) linking these illnesses is unknown. We hypothesized autoimmune responses may be involved in both ...

    • Autosomal Dominant Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis Is Associated in Three Families with Heterozygosity for the R589H Mutation in the AE1 (Band 3) Cl − /HCO 3 − Exchanger 

      Jarolim, Petr; Shayakul, Chairat; Prabakaran, Daniel; Jiang, Lianwei; Stuart-Tilley, Alan; Rubin, Hillard L.; Simova, Sarka; Zavadil, Jiri; Herrin, John T.; Brouillette, John; Somers, Michael J. G.; Seemanova, Eva; Brugnara, Carlo; Guay-Woodford, Lisa M.; Alper, Seth L. (American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1998)

    • Autosomal Dominant Hypocalcemia (Hypoparathyroidism) Types 1 and 2 

      Roszko, Kelly L.; Bi, Ruiye D.; Mannstadt, Michael (Frontiers Media S.A., 2016)
      Extracellular calcium is essential for life and its concentration in the blood is maintained within a narrow range. This is achieved by a feedback loop that receives input from the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR), expressed ...

    • Autosomal Monoallelic Expression in the Mouse 

      Zwemer, Lillian M; Zak, Alexander; Thompson, Benjamin R; Kirby, Andrew; Daly, Mark Joseph; Chess, Andrew; Gimelbrant, Alexander (BioMed Central, 2012)
      Background: Random monoallelic expression defines an unusual class of genes displaying random choice for expression between the maternal and paternal alleles. Once established, the allele-specific expression pattern is ...

    • Autotransporters but not pAA are critical for rabbit colonization by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 

      Munera, Diana; Ritchie, Jennifer M; Hatzios, Stavroula K; Bronson, Rod; Fang, Gang; Schadt, Eric E; Davis, Brigid M; Waldor, Matthew K (2014)
      The outbreak of diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome that occurred in Germany in 2011 was caused by a Shiga toxin-producing enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) strain. The strain was classified as EAEC due to the ...

    • Autworks: a Cross-Disease Network Biology Application for Autism and Related Disorders 

      Nelson, Tristan; Jung, Jae-Yoon; DeLuca, Todd; Hinebaugh, Byron Kent; St Gabriel, Kristian Che; Wall, Dennis Paul Paul (BioMed Central, 2012)
      Background: The genetic etiology of autism is heterogeneous. Multiple disorders share genotypic and phenotypic traits with autism. Network based cross-disorder analysis can aid in the understanding and characterization of ...

    • The Availability and Nature of Physician Information on the Internet 

      Mostaghimi, Arash; Crotty, Bradley H.; Landon, Bruce Evan (Springer Nature, 2010)
      Background Although patients are commonly using the Internet to find healthcare information, the amount of personal and professional physician information and patient-generated ratings freely accessible online is ...

    • Availability and Quality of Paraffin Blocks Identified in Pathology Archives: A Multi-Institutional Study by the Shared Pathology Informatics Network (SPIN) 

      Patel, Ashokkumar A; Gupta, Dilipkumar; Seligson, David; Hattab, Eyas M; Balis, Ulysses J; Ulbright, Thomas M; Berman, Jules J; Dry, Sarah; Schirripa, Osvaldo; Becich, Michael J; Parwani, Anil V; Kohane, Isaac Samuel; Gilbertson, John R; Yu, Hong (BioMed Central, 2007)
      Background: Shared Pathology Informatics Network (SPIN) is a tissue resource initiative that utilizes clinical reports of the vast amount of paraffin-embedded tissues routinely stored by medical centers. SPIN has an ...

    • Availability and Use of Essential Medicines in China: Manufacturing, Supply, and Prescribing in Shandong and Gansu Provinces 

      Chen, Wen; Tang, Shenglan; Sun, Jing; Ross-Degnan, Dennis; Wagner, Anita Katharina (BioMed Central, 2010)
      Background: The current health care reform in China launched in 2009 tackles the problem of access to appropriate medicines for its 1.3 billion people by focusing on providing essential medicines to all. To provide evidence ...

    • Availability of Insurance Linkage Programs in U.S. Emergency Departments 

      Kanak, Mia; Delgado, M. Kit; Camargo, Carlos A.; Wang, N. Ewen (Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 2014)
      Introduction: As millions of uninsured citizens who use emergency department (ED) services are now eligible for health insurance under the Affordable Care Act, the ED is ideally situated to facilitate linkage to insurance. ...

    • Avalanche Analysis from Multielectrode Ensemble Recordings in Cat, Monkey, and Human Cerebral Cortex during Wakefulness and Sleep 

      Dehghani, Nima; Hatsopoulos, Nicholas G.; Haga, Zach D.; Parker, Rebecca A.; Greger, Bradley; Halgren, Eric; Cash, Sydney S.; Destexhe, Alain (Frontiers Research Foundation, 2012)
      Self-organized critical states are found in many natural systems, from earthquakes to forest fires, they have also been observed in neural systems, particularly, in neuronal cultures. However, the presence of critical ...

    • Average Household Exposure to Newspaper Coverage about the Harmful Effects of Hormone Therapy and Population-Based Declines in Hormone Therapy Use 

      Haas, Jennifer S.; Miglioretti, Diana L.; Geller, Berta; Buist, Diana S. M.; Nelson, David E.; Kerlikowske, Karla; Carney, Patricia A.; Dash, Sarah; Breslau, Erica S.; Ballard-Barbash, Rachel (Springer-Verlag, 2007)
      Background: The news media facilitated the rapid dissemination of the findings from the estrogen plus progestin therapy arm of the Women’s Health Initiative (EPT-WHI). Objective: To examine the relationship between the ...

    • The avian respiratory system: a unique model for studies of respiratory toxicosis and for monitoring air quality 

      Brown, Richard C; Brain, Joseph David; Wang, Ning (Environmental Health Perspectives, 1997)
      There are many distinct differences (morphologic, physiologic, and mechanical) between the bird's lung-air-sac respiratory system and the mammalian bronchoalveolar lung. In this paper, we review the physiology of the avian ...