Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title

Now showing items 1844-1863 of 18428

    • Blood Telomere Length Attrition and Cancer Development in the Normative Aging Study Cohort 

      Hou, Lifang; Joyce, Brian Thomas; Gao, Tao; Liu, Lei; Zheng, Yinan; Penedo, Frank J.; Liu, Siran; Zhang, Wei; Bergan, Raymond; Dai, Qi; Vokonas, Pantel; Hoxha, Mirjam; Schwartz, Joel; Baccarelli, Andrea (Elsevier, 2015)
      Background: Accelerated telomere shortening may cause cancer via chromosomal instability, making it a potentially useful biomarker. However, publications on blood telomere length (BTL) and cancer are inconsistent. We ...

    • Blood Transfusion Effects in Kidney Transplantation 

      Carpenter, Charles Bernard (Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 1990)
      Within the three decades since the beginnings of the field of clinical renal transplantation there have been four phases in blood transfusion policies, swinging from liberal transfusions to avoidance of transfusions, ...

    • Blood vessel maturation: vascular development comes of age 

      Darland, Diane C.; D'Amore, Patricia Ann (American Society for Clinical Investigation, 1999)

    • Blood vessels form a migratory scaffold in the rostral migratory stream 

      Whitman, Mary Catherine; Fan, Wen; Rela, Lorena; Rodriguez-Gil, Diego J.; Greer, Charles A. (Wiley, 2009)
      In adult mice, new neurons born in the subventricular zone (SVZ), lining the lateral ventricles, migrate tangentially into the olfactory bulb along a well-delineated path, the Rostral Migratory Stream (RMS). Neuroblasts ...

    • Blood volume measurement by hemodilution: association with valve disease and re-evaluation of the Allen Formula 

      Hilberath, JN; Thomas, Megha Elizabeth; Smith, T; Jara, C; Fitzgerald, DJ; Wilusz, K; Liu, X; Muehlschlegel, Jochen Daniel (SAGE Publications, 2014)
      Background: Total blood volume (TBV) assessment is central to the management of cardiac surgical patients with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The widely accepted Allen Formula lacks accuracy in estimating TBV in these ...

    • Blood volumes in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass 

      Hilberath, JN; Smith, T; Jara, C; Thomas, M; FitzGerald, DJ; Muehlschlegel, Jochen Daniel (SAGE Publications, 2014)
      Purpose: Total blood volume (TBV) estimation potentially impacts various aspects of cardiac surgical care, including pharmacological and transfusion interventions, hemodynamic and volume management and perfusion equipment ...

    • Blood, Guts, and Hope 

      Schoellhammer, Carl; Langer, Robert S.; Traverso, Carlo Giovanni (Sigma Xi, 2017)
      Treatment of gastrointestinal tissue with ultrasound makes it more permeable to medications that can alleviate inflammatory bowel disease.

    • Blood-Based Biomarkers of Aggressive Prostate Cancer 

      Liong, Men Long; Lim, Chun Ren; Yang, Hengxuan; Chao, Samuel; Bong, Chin Wei; Leong, Wing Seng; Das, Prashanta Kumar; Loh, Chit Sin; Lau, Ban Eng; Yu, Choon Geok; Ooi, Edie Jian Jiek; Nam, Robert K.; Allen, Paul Denney; Steele, Graeme S.; Wassmann, Karl; Richie, Jerome Paul; Liew, Choong Chin (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Purpose: Prostate cancer is a bimodal disease with aggressive and indolent forms. Current prostate-specific-antigen testing and digital rectal examination screening provide ambiguous results leading to both under-and ...

    • Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity and Breast Cancer Metastasis to the Brain 

      Arshad, Farheen; Sy, Christopher; Wang, Lili; Avraham, Shalom; Avraham, Hava Karsenty (SAGE-Hindawi Access to Research, 2010)
      Brain metastasis, an important cause of cancer morbidity and mortality, occurs in at least 30% of patients with breast cancer. A key event of brain metastasis is the migration of cancer cells through the blood-brain barrier ...

    • Blood–brain barrier and intestinal epithelial barrier alterations in autism spectrum disorders 

      Fiorentino, Maria; Sapone, Anna; Senger, Stefania; Camhi, Stephanie S.; Kadzielski, Sarah M.; Buie, Timothy M.; Kelly, Deanna L.; Cascella, Nicola; Fasano, Alessio (BioMed Central, 2016)
      Background: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex conditions whose pathogenesis may be attributed to gene–environment interactions. There are no definitive mechanisms explaining how environmental triggers can lead ...

    • Blue Dye and Red Light, a Dynamic Combination for Prophylaxis and Treatment of Cutaneous Candida albicans Infections in Mice 

      Dai, Tianhong; Arce, Vida de; Tegos, George P.; Hamblin, Michael R. (American Society for Microbiology, 2011)
      The objective of this study was to investigate photodynamic therapy (PDT), using blue dye and red light, for prophylaxis and treatment of cutaneous Candida albicans infections in mice. A mouse model of skin abrasion infected ...

    • Blunted Response to Combination Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV Elite Controllers: An International HIV Controller Collaboration 

      Boufassa, Faroudy; Lechenadec, Jérome; Meyer, Laurence; Costagliola, Dominique; Hunt, Peter W.; Pereyra, Florencia; Deeks, Steve; Pancino, Gianfranco; Taulera, Olivier; Lichterfeld, Mathias; Delobel, Pierre; Saez-Cirion, Asier; Lambotte, Olivier (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Objective: HIV “elite controllers” (ECs) spontaneously control viral load, but some eventually require combination antiretroviral treatment (cART), due to a loss of viral control or a decline in CD4 T-cell counts. Here we ...

    • BMP Signaling Is Required for Controlling Somatic Stem Cell Self-Renewal in the Drosophila Ovary 

      Kirilly, Daniel; Spana, Eric P.; Perrimon, Norbert; Padgett, Richard W.; Xie, Ting (Elsevier (Cell Press), 2005)

    • BMP signaling modulation attenuates cerebral arteriovenous malformation formation in a vertebrate model 

      Walcott, Brian P (Nature Publishing Group, 2014)
      Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are vascular anomalies that carry a high risk of stroke and death. To test potential AVM therapies, a reverse genetics approach was used to model AVMs in zebrafish. Antisense ...

    • BMP signaling negatively regulates bone mass through sclerostin by inhibiting the canonical Wnt pathway 

      Kamiya, Nobuhiro; Ye, Ling; Kobayashi, Tatsuya; Mochida, Yoshiyuki; Yamauchi, Mitsuo; Kronenberg, Henry M.; Feng, Jian Q.; Mishina, Yuji (Company of Biologists, 2008)
      Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are known to induce ectopic bone. However, it is largely unknown how BMP signaling in osteoblasts directly regulates endogenous bone. This study investigated the mechanism by which BMP ...

    • BMP signaling stimulates cellular differentiation at multiple steps during cartilage development 

      Kobayashi, Tatsuya; Lyons, Karen M.; McMahon, Andrew P.; Kronenberg, Henry M. (National Academy of Sciences, 2005)
      Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play important roles at multiple stages of endochondral bone formation. However, the roles of BMP signaling in chondrocytes in vivo are still contentious. In the present study, we ...

    • BMP4 Signaling is Involved in the Generation of Inner Ear Sensory Epithelia 

      Li, Huawei; Corrales, Carleton E; Wang, Zhengmin; Zhao, Yanling; Wang, Yucheng; Heller, Stefan; Liu, Hong (BioMed Central, 2005)
      Background: The robust expression of BMP4 in the incipient sensory organs of the inner ear suggests possible roles for this signaling protein during induction and development of auditory and vestibular sensory epithelia. ...

    • Bmp7 Maintains Undifferentiated Kidney Progenitor Population and Determines Nephron Numbers at Birth 

      Tomita, Mayumi; Asada, Misako; Asada, Nariaki; Nakamura, Jin; Oguchi, Akiko; Higashi, Atsuko Y.; Endo, Shuichiro; Robertson, Elizabeth; Kimura, Takeshi; Kita, Toru; Economides, Aris N.; Kreidberg, Jordan; Yanagita, Motoko (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      The number of nephrons, the functional units of the kidney, varies among individuals. A low nephron number at birth is associated with a risk of hypertension and the progression of renal insufficiency. The molecular ...

    • BMS1 Is Mutated in Aplasia Cutis Congenita 

      Marneros, Alexander G. (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) manifests with localized skin defects at birth of unknown cause, mostly affecting the scalp vertex. Here, genome-wide linkage analysis and exome sequencing was used to identify the causative ...

    • The BODECOST Index (BCI): a composite index for assessing the impact of COPD in real life 

      Dal Negro, Roberto W.; Celli, Bartolome R. (BioMed Central, 2016)
      Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive condition which is characterized by a dramatic socio-economic impact. Several indices were extensively investigated in order to asses the mortality ...