Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title
Now showing items 4614-4633 of 18428
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Disparities in cancer screening in individuals with a family history of breast or colorectal cancer
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2011)BACKGROUND: Understanding racial/ethnic disparities in cancer screening by family history risk could identify critical opportunities for patient and provider interventions tailored to specific racial/ethnic groups. The ... -
Disparities in selective referral for cancer surgeries: implications for the current healthcare delivery system
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2014)Objectives: Among considerable efforts to improve quality of surgical care, expedited measures such as a selective referral to high-volume institutions have been advocated. Our objective was to examine whether racial, ... -
The disproportionate burden of HIV and STIs among male sex workers in Mexico City and the rationale for economic incentives to reduce risks
(International AIDS Society, 2014)Introduction: The objective of this article is to present the rationale and baseline results for a randomized controlled pilot trial using economic incentives to reduce HIV and sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk ... -
Disproportionate Contributions of Select Genomic Compartments and Cell Types to Genetic Risk for Coronary Artery Disease
(Public Library of Science, 2015)Large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many genetic loci associated with risk for myocardial infarction (MI) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Concurrently, efforts such as the National Institutes ... -
Disrupted Brain Circuitry for Pain-Related Reward/Punishment in Fibromyalgia
(Wiley, 2013)Objective While patients suffering from fibromyalgia (FM) are known to exhibit hyperalgesia, the central mechanisms contributing to this altered pain processing are not fully understood. In this study we investigate ... -
Disrupted functional connectivity of the periaqueductal gray in chronic low back pain
(Elsevier, 2014)Chronic low back pain is a common neurological disorder. The periaqueductal gray (PAG) plays a key role in the descending modulation of pain. In this study, we investigated brain resting state PAG functional connectivity ... -
A disrupted RNA editing balance mediated by ADARs (Adenosine DeAminases that act on RNA) in human hepatocellular carcinoma
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2014)Objective: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous tumour displaying a complex variety of genetic and epigenetic changes. In human cancers, aberrant post-transcriptional modifications, such as alternative splicing ... -
Disrupting the Brain to Validate Hypotheses on the Neurobiology of Language
(Frontiers Research Foundation, 2013)Comprehension of words is an important part of the language faculty, involving the joint activity of frontal and temporo-parietal brain regions. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) enables the controlled perturbation ... -
Disrupting the Indian hedgehog signaling pathway in vivo attenuates surgically induced osteoarthritis progression in Col2a1-CreERT2; Ihhfl/fl mice
(BioMed Central, 2014)Introduction: Previous observations implicate Indian hedgehog (Ihh) signaling in osteoarthritis (OA) development because it regulates chondrocyte hypertrophy and matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP-13) expression. However, ... -
Disrupting the Interaction between Retinoblastoma Protein and Raf-1 Leads to Defects in Progenitor Cell Proliferation and Survival during Early Inner Ear Development
(Public Library of Science, 2013)The retinoblastoma protein (pRb) is required for cell-cycle exit of embryonic mammalian hair cells but is not required for hair cell fate determination and early differentiation, and this provides a strategy for hair cell ... -
Disruption of DNA methylation-dependent long gene repression in Rett syndrome
(2015)Disruption of the MECP2 gene leads to Rett syndrome (RTT), a severe neurological disorder with features of autism1. MECP2 encodes a methyl-DNA-binding protein2 that has been proposed to function as a transcriptional ... -
Disruption of function–structure coupling in brain regions sub-serving self monitoring in schizophrenia
(Elsevier BV, 2013)Deficits in self monitoring are a core feature of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia, and may be the basis for disturbances of self and lack of insight, ultimately impacting social functioning. However, the functional ... -
The disruption of GDP-fucose de novo biosynthesis suggests the presence of a novel fucose-containing glycoconjugate in Plasmodium asexual blood stages
(Nature Publishing Group, 2016)Glycosylation is an important posttranslational protein modification in all eukaryotes. Besides glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors and N-glycosylation, O-fucosylation has been recently reported in key sporozoite ... -
Disruption of Persistent Nociceptive Behavior in Rats with Learning Impairment
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Despite the subjective nature of pain experience with cognitive and affective dimensions, preclinical pain research has largely focused on its sensory dimension. Here, we examined the relationship between learning/memory ... -
Disruption of Sphingolipid Biosynthesis Blocks Phagocytosis of Candida albicans
(Public Library of Science, 2015)The ability of phagocytes to clear pathogens is an essential attribute of the innate immune response. The role of signaling lipid molecules such as phosphoinositides is well established, but the role of membrane sphingolipids ... -
Disruption of thalamic functional connectivity is a neural correlate of dexmedetomidine-induced unconsciousness
(eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2014)Understanding the neural basis of consciousness is fundamental to neuroscience research. Disruptions in cortico-cortical connectivity have been suggested as a primary mechanism of unconsciousness. By using a novel combination ... -
Disruption of Thyroid Hormone Activation in Type 2 Deiodinase Knockout Mice Causes Obesity With Glucose Intolerance and Liver Steatosis Only at Thermoneutrality
(American Diabetes Association, 2011)Objective: Thyroid hormone accelerates energy expenditure; thus, hypothyroidism is intuitively associated with obesity. However, studies failed to establish such a connection. In brown adipose tissue (BAT), thyroid hormone ... -
Disruption of TNFα/TNFR1 function in resident skin cells impairs host immune response against cutaneous vaccinia virus infection
(2012)One strategy adopted by vaccinia virus (VV) to evade the host immune system is to encode homologs of TNF receptors (TNFR) that block TNFα function. The response to VV skin infection under conditions of TNFα deficiency, ... -
Disruptive reproductive technologies
(American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2017-01-11)In vitro gametogenesis raises new possibilities for reproductive and regenerative medicine as well as vexing policy challenges. -
DISSECT Method Using PNA-LNA Clamp Improves Detection of EGFR T790m Mutation
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with small molecule EGFR inhibitors, such as gefitinib, frequently develop drug resistance due to the presence of secondary mutations like the T790M mutation on EGFR exon ...