Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title
Now showing items 4640-4659 of 18428
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Dissection of the insulin signaling pathway via quantitative phosphoproteomics
(National Academy of Sciences, 2008)The insulin signaling pathway is of pivotal importance in metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, and in cellular processes, such as aging. Insulin activates a tyrosine phosphorylation cascade that branches to create a complex ... -
Dissemination as Dialogue: Building Trust and Sharing Research Findings Through Community Engagement
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016)A fundamental feature of community-based participatory research (CBPR) is sharing findings with community members and engaging community partners in the dissemination process. To be truly collaborative, dissemination should ... -
Dissemination of Research Findings to Research Participants Living with HIV in Rural Uganda: Challenges and Rewards
(Public Library of Science, 2013)David Bangsberg and colleagues explore the challenges and rewards of sharing research findings with participants living with HIV enrolled in observational research in rural sub-Saharan Africa. -
Dissemination of the Hospital Elder Life Program: Implementation, Adaptation, and Successes
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2006)OBJECTIVES: To describe the Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP) across dissemination sites, to detail adaptations, and to summarize advantages across sites. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: HELP sites in acute care ... -
Dissociable contributions of MRI volume reductions of superior temporal and fusiform gyri to symptoms and neuropsychology in schizophrenia
(Elsevier BV, 2007)We sought to identify the functional correlates of reduced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volumes of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) and the fusiform gyrus (FG) in patients with chronic schizophrenia. MRI volumes, ... -
Dissociable Genetic Contributions to Error Processing: A Multimodal Neuroimaging Study
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Background: Neuroimaging studies reliably identify two markers of error commission: the error-related negativity (ERN), an event-related potential, and functional MRI activation of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex ... -
Dissociable Influences of Auditory Object vs. Spatial Attention on Visual System Oscillatory Activity
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Given that both auditory and visual systems have anatomically separate object identification (“what”) and spatial (“where”) pathways, it is of interest whether attention-driven cross-sensory modulations occur separately ... -
Dissociable Neural Mechanisms Underlying the Modulation of Pain and Anxiety? An fMRI Pilot Study
(Public Library of Science, 2014)The down-regulation of pain through beliefs is commonly discussed as a form of emotion regulation. In line with this interpretation, the analgesic effect has been shown to co-occur with reduced anxiety and increased activity ... -
Dissociated multimodal hubs and seizures in temporal lobe epilepsy
(BlackWell Publishing Ltd, 2015)Objective: Brain connectivity at rest is altered in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), particularly in “hub” areas such as the posterior default mode network (DMN). Although both functional and anatomical connectivity are ... -
The Dissociation between Early and Late Selection in Older Adults
(MIT Press - Journals, 2013)Older adults exhibit a reduced ability to ignore task-irrelevant stimuli; however, it remains to be determined where along the information processing stream the most salient age-associated changes occur. In the current ... -
Dissociation of Motor Task-Induced Cortical Excitability and Pain Perception Changes in Healthy Volunteers
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Background: There is evidence that interventions aiming at modulation of the motor cortex activity lead to pain reduction. In order to understand further the role of the motor cortex on pain modulation, we aimed to compare ... -
Distal esophageal carcinomas in Chinese patients vary widely in histopathology, but adenocarcinomas remain rare
(Elsevier BV, 2012)In Western countries, distal esophageal adenocarcinoma has outnumbered squamous cell carcinoma because of a dramatic increase in the prevalence of columnar-lined esophagus. Because the relative prevalence of these diseases ... -
Distal Pancreatic Resection for Neuroendocrine Tumors: Is Laparoscopic Really Better than Open?
(Springer US, 2015)Background: The latest studies on surgical and cost-analysis outcomes after laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) highlight mixed and insufficient results. Whereas several investigators have compared surgical outcomes ... -
Distamycin A inhibits HMGA1-binding to the P-selectin promoter and attenuates lung and liver inflammation during murine endotoxemia
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Background: The architectural transcription factor High Mobility Group-A1 (HMGA1) binds to the minor groove of AT-rich DNA and forms transcription factor complexes (“enhanceosomes”) that upregulate expression of select ... -
Distance from Home to Study Clinic and Risk of Follow-Up Interruption in a Cohort of HIV-1-Discordant Couples in Nairobi, Kenya
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Background: Longitudinal studies of HIV-1-infected individuals or those at risk of infection are subject to missed study visits that may have negative consequences on the care of participants and can jeopardize study ... -
Distention of the Immature Left Ventricle Triggers Development of Endocardial Fibroelastosis: An Animal Model of Endocardial Fibroelastosis Introducing Morphopathological Features of Evolving Fetal Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2015)Background. Endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE), characterized by a diffuse endocardial thickening through collagen and elastin fibers, develops in the human fetal heart restricting growth of the left ventricle (LV). Recent ... -
Distinct cellular pathways select germline-encoded and somatically mutated antibodies into immunological memory
(The Rockefeller University Press, 2012)One component of memory in the antibody system is long-lived memory B cells selected for the expression of somatically mutated, high-affinity antibodies in the T cell–dependent germinal center (GC) reaction. A puzzling ... -
Distinct clinical patterns and immune infiltrates are observed at time of progression on targeted therapy versus immune checkpoint blockade for melanoma
(Taylor & Francis, 2016)ABSTRACT We have made major advances in the treatment of melanoma through the use of targeted therapy and immune checkpoint blockade; however, clinicians are posed with therapeutic dilemmas regarding timing and sequence ... -
Distinct Contributions of Astrocytes and Pericytes to Neuroinflammation Identified in a 3D Human Blood-Brain Barrier on a Chip
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Neurovascular inflammation is a major contributor to many neurological disorders, but modeling these processes in vitro has proven to be difficult. Here, we microengineered a three-dimensional (3D) model of the human ...