Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title

Now showing items 5746-5765 of 18428

    • Environmental tobacco smoke, indoor allergens, and childhood asthma. 

      Gold, Diane R. (2000)
      Both environmental tobacco smoke and indoor allergens can exacerbate already established childhood albeit primarily through quite disparate mechanisms. In infancy and childhood, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure ...

    • Environmental transmission of Mycobacterium ulcerans drives dynamics of Buruli ulcer in endemic regions of Cameroon 

      Garchitorena, Andrés; Ngonghala, Calistus N.; Texier, Gaëtan; Landier, Jordi; Eyangoh, Sara; Bonds, Matthew H.; Guégan, Jean-François; Roche, Benjamin (Nature Publishing Group, 2015)
      Buruli Ulcer is a devastating skin disease caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium ulcerans. Emergence and distribution of Buruli ulcer cases is clearly linked to aquatic ecosystems, but the specific route of transmission of ...

    • Enzalutamide in European and North American men participating in the AFFIRM trial 

      Merseburger, Axel S; Scher, Howard I; Bellmunt, Joaquim; Miller, Kurt; Mulders, Peter FA; Stenzl, Arnulf; Sternberg, Cora N; Fizazi, Karim; Hirmand, Mohammad; Franks, Billy; Haas, Gabriel P; de Bono, Johann; de Wit, Ronald (John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2014)
      Objective: To explore any differences in efficacy and safety outcomes between European (EU) (n = 684) and North American (NA) (n = 395) patients in the AFFIRM trial (NCT00974311). Patients and Methods Phase III, double-blind, ...

    • Enzymatic Glycosylation of Vancomycin Aglycon: Completion of a Total Synthesis of Vancomycin and N- and C-Terminus Substituent Effects of the Aglycon Substrate 

      Nakayama, Atsushi; Okano, Akinori; Feng, Yiqing; Collins, James C.; Collins, Karen C.; Walsh, Christopher T.; Boger, Dale L. (American Chemical Society, 2014)
      Studies on the further development of the sequential glycosylations of the vancomycin aglycon catalyzed by the glycosyltransferases GtfE and GtfD and the observation of unusual, perhaps unexpected, aglycon substrate ...

    • Enzymatic Relay Mechanism Stimulates Cyclic GMP Synthesis in Rod Photoresponse: Biochemical and Physiological Study in Guanylyl Cyclase Activating Protein 1 Knockout Mice 

      Makino, Clint L.; Wen, Xiao-Hong; Olshevskaya, Elena V.; Peshenko, Igor V.; Savchenko, Andrey B.; Dizhoor, Alexander M. (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Regulation of cGMP synthesis by retinal membrane guanylyl cyclase isozymes (RetGC1 and RetGC2) in rod and cone photoreceptors by calcium-sensitive guanylyl cyclase activating proteins (GCAP1 and GCAP2) is one of the key ...

    • An enzyme in the kynurenine pathway that governs vulnerability to suicidal behavior by regulating excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation 

      Brundin, L; Sellgren, C M; Lim, C K; Grit, J; Pålsson, E; Landén, M; Samuelsson, M; Lundgren, K; Brundin, P; Fuchs, D; Postolache, T T; Traskman-Bendz, L; Guillemin, G J; Erhardt, S (Nature Publishing Group, 2016)
      Emerging evidence suggests that inflammation has a key role in depression and suicidal behavior. The kynurenine pathway is involved in neuroinflammation and regulates glutamate neurotransmission. In the cerebrospinal fluid ...

    • Eosinophil Secretion of Granule-Derived Cytokines 

      Spencer, Lisa A.; Bonjour, Kennedy; Melo, Rossana C. N.; Weller, Peter F. (Frontiers Media S.A., 2014)
      Eosinophils are tissue-dwelling leukocytes, present in the thymus, and gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts of healthy individuals at baseline, and recruited, often in large numbers, to allergic inflammatory foci and ...

    • Eosinophilic Colitis 

      Okpara, Nnenna; Aswad, Bassam; Baffy, Gyorgy (Baishideng Publishing Group Inc., 2009-06-28)
      Eosinophilic colitis (EC) is a rare form of primary eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease with a bimodal peak of prevalence in neonates and young adults. EC remains a little understood condition in contrast to the increasingly ...

    • Eosinophilic esophagitis: published evidences for disease subtypes, indications for patient subpopulations, and how to translate patient observations to murine experimental models 

      Mudde, Anne C. A.; Lexmond, Willem S.; Blumberg, Richard S.; Nurko, Samuel; Fiebiger, Edda (BioMed Central, 2016)
      Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the esophagus and commonly classified as a Th2-type allergy. Major advances in our understanding of the EoE pathophysiology have recently been made, but ...

    • Eotaxin Expression after Segmental Allergen Challenge in Subjects with Atopic Asthma 

      Lilly, Craig M.; Nakamura, Hidetoshi; Belostotsky, Olga I.; Haley, Kathleen; Garcia-Zepeda, Eduardo A.; Luster, Andrew; Israel, Elliot (American Thoracic Society, 2001-06)
      Expression of pulmonary eotaxin protein and mRNA was determined in six subjects with atopic asthma and five nonatopic normal subjects. Levels of eotaxin expression and eosinophil mobilization were compared before and after ...

    • EP4 Receptor–Associated Protein in Macrophages Ameliorates Colitis and Colitis-Associated Tumorigenesis 

      Nakatsuji, Masato; Minami, Manabu; Seno, Hiroshi; Yasui, Mika; Komekado, Hideyuki; Higuchi, Sei; Fujikawa, Risako; Nakanishi, Yuki; Fukuda, Akihisa; Kawada, Kenji; Sakai, Yoshiharu; Kita, Toru; Libby, Peter; Ikeuchi, Hiroki; Yokode, Masayuki; Chiba, Tsutomu (Public Library of Science, 2015)
      Prostaglandin E2 plays important roles in the maintenance of colonic homeostasis. The recently identified prostaglandin E receptor (EP) 4–associated protein (EPRAP) is essential for an anti-inflammatory function of EP4 ...

    • Epidemic Jaundice: Harvard's 5th General Hospital at Musgrave Park in World War II. 

      Hedley-Whyte, John (Ulster Medical Society, 2005)

    • Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis-Causing Adenoviruses Induce MUC16 Ectodomain Release To Infect Ocular Surface Epithelial Cells 

      Menon, Balaraj B.; Zhou, Xiaohong; Spurr-Michaud, Sandra; Rajaiya, Jaya; Chodosh, James; Gipson, Ilene K. (American Society for Microbiology, 2016)
      ABSTRACT Human adenoviruses (HAdV), species D in particular (HAdV-D), are frequently associated with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC). Although the infection originates at the ocular surface epithelium, the mechanisms ...

    • Epidemiologic data and pathogen genome sequences: a powerful synergy for public health 

      Grad, Yonatan H; Lipsitch, Marc (BioMed Central, 2014)
      Epidemiologists aim to inform the design of public health interventions with evidence on the evolution, emergence and spread of infectious diseases. Sequencing of pathogen genomes, together with date, location, clinical ...

    • Epidemiologic Evidence of Cardiovascular Effects of Particulate Air Pollution 

      Dockery, Douglas W. (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2001)
      In the past decade researchers have developed a body of epidemiologic evidence showing increased daily cardiovascular mortality and morbidity associated with acute exposures to particulate air pollution. Associations have ...

    • Epidemiologic perspective on immune-surveillance in cancer 

      Cramer, Daniel William; Finn, Olivera J (Elsevier BV, 2011)
      Common “themes” in epidemiology related to cancer risk beg a comprehensive mechanistic explanation. As people age, risk for cancer increases. Obesity and smoking increase the risk for many types of cancer. History of febrile ...

    • Epidemiologic studies of particulate matter and lung cancer 

      Li, Yin-Ge; Gao, Xiang (Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, 2014)
      Particulate matter (PM) plays an important role in air pollution, especially in China. European and American researchers conducted several cohort-based studies to examine the potential relationship between PM and lung ...

    • Epidemiologic study design for investigating respiratory health effects of complex air pollution mixtures. 

      Dockery, Douglas W. (1993)
      Epidemiologic studies of the respiratory health effects of air pollution are intrinsically difficult because exposure is common, expected effects at concentrations found in developed countries are weak, random misclassification ...

    • Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the COVID-19 epidemic in Brazil 

      de Souza, William Marciel; Buss, Lewis Fletcher; Candido, Darlan da Silva; Carrera, Jean-Paul; Li, Sabrina; Zarebski, Alexander E.; Pereira, Rafael Henrique Moraes; Prete, Carlos A.; de Souza-Santos, Andreza Aruska; Parag, Kris V.; Belotti, Maria Carolina T. D.; Vincenti-Gonzalez, Maria F.; Messina, Janey; da Silva Sales, Flavia Cristina; Andrade, Pamela dos Santos; Nascimento, Vítor Heloiz; Ghilardi, Fabio; Abade, Leandro; Gutierrez, Bernardo; Kraemer, Moritz; Braga, Carlos K. V.; Aguiar, Renato Santana; Alexander, Neal; Mayaud, Philippe; Brady, Oliver J.; Marcilio, Izabel; Gouveia, Nelson; Li, Guangdi; Tami, Adriana; de Oliveira, Silvano Barbosa; Porto, Victor Bertollo Gomes; Ganem, Fabiana; de Almeida, Walquiria Aparecida Ferreira; Fantinato, Francieli Fontana Sutile Tardetti; Macário, Eduardo Marques; de Oliveira, Wanderson Kleber; Nogueira, Mauricio L.; Pybus, Oliver G.; Wu, Chieh-Hsi; Croda, Julio; Sabino, Ester C.; Faria, Nuno Rodrigues (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-07-31)
      The first case of COVID-19 was detected in Brazil on 25 February 2020. We report and contextualize epidemiological, demographic and clinical findings for COVID-19 cases during the first 3 months of the epidemic. By 31 May ...

    • Epidemiology and risk factors of chronic kidney disease in India – results from the SEEK (Screening and Early Evaluation of Kidney Disease) study 

      Singh, Ajay K; Farag, Youssef MK; Mittal, Bharati V; Subramanian, Kuyilan Karai; Reddy, Sai Ram Keithi; Acharya, Vidya N; Almeida, Alan F; Channakeshavamurthy, Anil; Ballal, H Sudarshan; P, Gaccione; Issacs, Rajan; Jasuja, Sanjiv; Kirpalani, Ashok L; Kher, Vijay; Modi, Gopesh K; Nainan, Georgy; Prakash, Jai; Rana, Devinder Singh; Sreedhara, Rajanna; Sinha, Dilip Kumar; V, Shah Bharat; Sunder, Sham; Sharma, Raj K; Seetharam, Sridevi; Raju, Tatapudi Ravi; Rajapurkar, Mohan M (BioMed Central, 2013)
      Background: There is a rising incidence of chronic kidney disease that is likely to pose major problems for both healthcare and the economy in future years. In India, it has been recently estimated that the age-adjusted ...