Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title

Now showing items 663-682 of 18428

    • Altered Small-World Brain Networks in Schizophrenia Patients during Working Memory Performance 

      He, Hao; Sui, Jing; Yu, Qingbao; Turner, Jessica A.; Ho, Beng-Choon; Sponheim, Scott R.; Manoach, Dara S.; Clark, Vincent P.; Calhoun, Vince D. (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Impairment of working memory (WM) performance in schizophrenia patients (SZ) is well-established. Compared to healthy controls (HC), SZ patients show aberrant blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) activations and disrupted ...

    • Altered sphingoid base profiles in type 1 compared to type 2 diabetes 

      Wei, Nancy; Pan, Jessica; Pop-Busui, Rodica; Othman, Alaa; Alecu, Irina; Hornemann, Thorsten; Eichler, Florian S (BioMed Central, 2014)
      Background: Sphingolipids are increasingly recognized to play a role in insulin resistance and diabetes. Recently we reported significant elevations of 1-deoxysphingolipids (1-deoxySL) - an atypical class of sphingolipids ...

    • Altered threat and safety neural processing linked to persecutory delusions in schizophrenia: a two-task fMRI study 

      Perez, David Lewis; Pan, Hong; Weisholtz, Daniel; Root, James C.; Tuescher, Oliver; Fischer, David Benjamin; Butler, Tracy; Vago, David R.; Isenberg, Nancy; Epstein, Jane Ingrid; Landa, Yulia; Smith, Thomas J.; Savitz, Adam J.; Silbersweig, David A; Stern, Emily (Elsevier BV, 2015)
      Persecutory delusions are a clinically important symptom in schizophrenia associated with social avoidance and increased violence. Few studies have investigated the neurobiology of persecutory delusions, which is a ...

    • Altered translation of GATA1 in Diamond-Blackfan anemia 

      Ludwig, Leif S.; Gazda, Hanna T.; Eng, Jennifer C.; Eichhorn, Stephen W.; Thiru, Prathapan; Ghazvinian, Roxanne; George, Tracy I.; Gotlib, Jason R.; Beggs, Alan H.; Sieff, Colin A.; Lodish, Harvey F.; Lander, Eric S.; Sankaran, Vijay G. (2014)
      Ribosomal protein haploinsufficiency occurs in diverse human diseases including Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA),1,2 congenital asplenia,3 and T-cell leukemia.4 Yet how mutations in such ubiquitously expressed proteins result ...

    • Altered white matter integrity in individuals with cognitive vulnerability to depression: a tract-based spatial statistics study 

      Xiao, Jing; He, Yini; McWhinnie, Chad M.; Yao, Shuqiao (Nature Publishing Group, 2015)
      The microstructure of white matter in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) has been demonstrated to be abnormal. However, it remains unclear whether these changes exist prior to the onset of disease. In this study, ...

    • Altering the Insertional Specificity of a Drosophila Transposable Element 

      Kassis, Judith A.; Noll, Elizabeth; VanSickle, E. Page; Odenwald, Ward F.; Perrimon, Norbert (National Academy of Sciences, 1992-03-01)
      Vectors derived from the Drosophila P element transposon are widely used to make transgenic Drosophila. Insertion of most P-element-derived vectors is nonrandom, but they exhibit a broad specificity of target sites. During ...

    • Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 and risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among US women and men: prospective study 

      Varraso, Raphaëlle; Chiuve, Stephanie E; Fung, Teresa T; Barr, R Graham; Hu, Frank B; Willett, Walter C; Camargo, Carlos A (BMJ Publishing Group Ltd., 2015)
      Objective: To investigate the association between the Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010)—a measure of diet quality—and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Design: Prospective cohort study. ...

    • Alternate Splicing of Interleukin-1 Receptor Type II (IL1R2) In Vitro Correlates with Clinical Glucocorticoid Responsiveness in Patients with AIED 

      Vambutas, Andrea; DeVoti, James; Goldofsky, Elliot; Gordon, Michael Scott; Lesser, Martin; Bonagura, Vincent (Public Library of Science, 2009)
      Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease (AIED) is poorly characterized clinically, with no definitive laboratory test. All patients suspected of having AIED are given glucocorticoids during periods of acute hearing loss, however, ...

    • Alternative Calculations of Individual Patient Time in Therapeutic Range While Taking Warfarin: Results From the ROCKET AF Trial 

      Singer, Daniel E.; Hellkamp, Anne S.; Yuan, Zhong; Lokhnygina, Yuliya; Patel, Manesh R.; Piccini, Jonathan P.; Hankey, Graeme J.; Breithardt, Günter; Halperin, Jonathan L.; Becker, Richard C.; Hacke, Werner; Nessel, Christopher C.; Mahaffey, Kenneth W.; Fox, Keith A. A.; Califf, Robert M. (Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2015)
      Background: In the ROCKET AF (Rivaroxaban–Once‐daily, oral, direct Factor Xa inhibition Compared with vitamin K antagonism for prevention of stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation) trial, marked regional differences ...

    • Alternative cell death mechanisms in development and beyond 

      Yuan, Junying; Kroemer, Guido (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2010)
      A canonical regulatory pathway involving the members of the Bcl-2 and caspase families has been established to regulate developmental apoptosis in nematodes and flies. However, mutant mice that have major deficiencies in ...

    • Alternative end-joining catalyzes class switch recombination in the absence of both Ku70 and DNA ligase 4 

      Boboila, Cristian; Yan, Catherine; Wesemann, Duane R.; Jankovic, Mila; Wang, Jing H.; Manis, John; Nussenzweig, Andre; Nussenzweig, Michel; Alt, Frederick W. (Rockefeller University Press, 2010)
      The classical nonhomologous end-joining (C-NHEJ) DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathway employs the Ku70/80 complex (Ku) for DSB recognition and the XRCC4/DNA ligase 4 (Lig4) complex for ligation. During IgH class ...

    • An alternative hypothesis testing strategy for secondary phenotype data in case-control genetic association studies 

      Lutz, Sharon M.; Hokanson, John E.; Lange, Christoph (Frontiers Media S.A., 2014)
      Motivated by the challenges associated with accounting for the ascertainment when analyzing secondary phenotypes that are correlated with case-control status, Lin and Zeng have proposed a method that properly reflects the ...

    • Alternative Methods for Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles 

      Balaj, Leonora; Tigges, John; Toxavidis, Vasilis; Ivanov, Alexander R.; Skog, Johan; Momen Heravi, Fatemeh; Alian, Sara; Ericsson, Maria; Distel, Robert; Kuo, Winston Patrick (Frontiers Research Foundation, 2012)
      Extracellular vesicles (ECVs) are nano-sized vesicles released by all cells in vitro as well as in vivo. Their role has been implicated mainly in cell–cell communication, but also in disease biomarkers and more recently ...

    • Alternatives for Macronutrient Intake and Chronic Disease: A Comparison of the OmniHeart Diets With Popular Diets and With Dietary Recommendations 

      de Souza, Russell; Swain, Janis; Appel, Lawrence; Sacks, Frank (Oxford University Press (OUP), 2008-07-01)
      Background:Enhancements to current dietary advice to prevent chronic disease are of great clinical and public health importance. The OmniHeart Trial compared 3 diets designed to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk—one ...

    • Alternatives to Metronidazole 

      Komaroff, Anthony; Cohen, Alan B.; McCue, Jack D. (American Medical Association (AMA), 1976-05-10)
      To the Editor.— The recent warning in The Medical Letter1 regarding the mutagenicity and possible carcinogenicity of metronidazole (Flagyl) raises the question of whether there is an alternative treatment of equal efficacy ...

    • Alu and LINE-1 methylation and lung function in the normative ageing study 

      Lange, Nancy E; Sordillo, Joanne; Tarantini, Letizia; Bollati, Valentina; Sparrow, David; Vokonas, Pantel; Zanobetti, Antonella; Schwartz, Joel David; Baccarelli, Andrea; Litonjua, Augusto Ampil; Demeo, Dawn Lisa (BMJ Publishing Group, 2012)
      Objectives: To investigate the association between methylation of transposable elements Alu and long-interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1) and lung function. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Outpatient Veterans Administration ...

    • Alveolar Macrophage Interaction With Air Pollution Particulates 

      Goldsmith, C A; Frevert, C; Imrich, A; Sioutas, C; Kobzik, Lester (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 1997)
      We applied flow cytometric analysis to characterize the in vitro response of alveolar macrophages (AM) to air pollution particulates. Normal hamster AM were incubated with varying concentrations of residual oil fly ash ...

    • Alveolar pentraxin 3 as an early marker of microbiologically confirmed pneumonia: a threshold-finding prospective observational study 

      Mauri, Tommaso; Coppadoro, Andrea; Bombino, Michela; Bellani, Giacomo; Zambelli, Vanessa; Fornari, Carla; Berra, Lorenzo; Bittner, Edward A; Schmidt, Ulrich; Sironi, Marina; Bottazzi, Barbara; Brambilla, Paolo; Mantovani, Alberto; Pesenti, Antonio (BioMed Central, 2014)
      Introduction: Timely diagnosis of pneumonia in intubated critically ill patients is rather challenging. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is an acute-phase mediator produced by various cell types in the lungs. Animal studies have shown ...

    • Alzheimer's Associated β-Amyloid Protein Inhibits Influenza A Virus and Modulates Viral Interactions with Phagocytes 

      White, Mitchell R.; Kandel, Ruth; Tripathi, Shweta; Condon, David; Qi, Li; Taubenberger, Jeffrey; Hartshorn, Kevan L. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Accumulation of β-Amyloid (βA) is a key pathogenetic factor in Alzheimer's disease; however, the normal function of βA is unknown. Recent studies have shown that βA can inhibit growth of bacteria and fungi. In this paper ...

    • Alzheimer's Disease Amyloid-\(\beta\) Links Lens and Brain Pathology in Down Syndrome 

      Moncaster, Juliet A.; Lu, Suqian; Burton, Mark A.; Ghosh, Joy G.; Soscia, Stephanie J.; Mocofanescu, Anca; Kuszak, Jer R.; Pineda, Roberto; Moir, Robert D.; Ericsson, Maria; Folkerth, Rebecca Dunn; Robb, Richard Moore; Clark, John I.; Tanzi, Rudolph Emile; Hunter, David; Goldstein, Lee David (Public Library of Science, 2010)
      Down syndrome (DS, trisomy 21) is the most common chromosomal disorder and the leading genetic cause of intellectual disability in humans. In DS, triplication of chromosome 21 invariably includes the APP gene (21q21) ...