Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title

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    • High fat diet enhances stemness and tumorigenicity of intestinal progenitors 

      Beyaz, Semir; Mana, Miyeko D.; Roper, Jatin; Kedrin, Dmitriy; Saadatpour, Assieh; Hong, Sue-Jean; Bauer-Rowe, Khristian E.; Xifaras, Michael E.; Akkad, Adam; Arias, Erika; Pinello, Luca; Katz, Yarden; Shinagare, Shweta; Abu-Remaileh, Monther; Mihaylova, Maria M.; Lamming, Dudley W.; Dogum, Rizkullah; Guo, Guoji; Bell, George W.; Selig, Martin; Nielsen, G. Petur; Gupta, Nitin; Ferrone, Cristina R.; Deshpande, Vikram; Yuan, Guo-Cheng; Orkin, Stuart H.; Sabatini, David M.; Yilmaz, Ömer H. (2016)
      Little is known about how pro-obesity diets regulate tissue stem and progenitor cell function. Here we find that high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity augments the numbers and function of Lgr5+ intestinal stem-cells (ISCs) ...

    • High Fidelity System Modeling for High Quality Image Reconstruction in Clinical CT 

      Do, Synho; Karl, William Clem; Singh, Sarabjeet; Kalra, Mannudeep; Brady, Tom; Shin, Ellie; Pien, Homer (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Today, while many researchers focus on the improvement of the regularization term in IR algorithms, they pay less concern to the improvement of the fidelity term. In this paper, we hypothesize that improving the fidelity ...

    • High Frequency of Transmitted HIV-1 Gag HLA Class I-Driven Immune Escape Variants but Minimal Immune Selection over the First Year of Clade C Infection 

      Gounder, Kamini; Padayachi, Nagavelli; Mann, Jaclyn K.; Radebe, Mopo; Mokgoro, Mammekwa; van der Stok, Mary; Mkhize, Lungile; Mncube, Zenele; Jaggernath, Manjeetha; Reddy, Tarylee; Walker, Bruce D.; Ndung’u, Thumbi (Public Library of Science, 2015)
      In chronic HIV infection, CD8+ T cell responses to Gag are associated with lower viral loads, but longitudinal studies of HLA-restricted CD8+ T cell-driven selection pressure in Gag from the time of acute infection are ...

    • High frequency off-target mutagenesis induced by CRISPR-Cas nucleases in human cells 

      Fu, Yanfang; Foden, Jennifer A.; Khayter, Cyd; Maeder, Morgan L.; Reyon, Deepak; Joung, J. Keith; Sander, Jeffry D. (2013)
      CRISPR RNA-guided endonucleases (RGENs) have rapidly emerged as a facile and efficient platform for genome editing. Here, we use a human cell-based reporter assay to characterize off-target cleavage of Cas9-based RGENs. ...

    • High Incidence of Xenogenic Bone Marrow Engraftment in Pig-to-Baboon Intra-Bone Bone Marrow Transplantation 

      Tasaki, M.; Wamala, I.; Tena, A.; Villani, V.; Sekijima, M.; Pathiraja, V.; Wilkinson, R. A.; Pratts, S.; Cormack, T.; Clayman, E.; Arn, J. S.; Shimizu, A.; Fishman, Jay Alan; Sachs, David H.; Yamada, Kazuhiko (Wiley-Blackwell, 2015)
      Previous attempts of α-1,3-galactocyltransferase knockout (GalTKO) pig bone marrow (BM) transplantation (Tx) into baboons have demonstrated a loss of macro-chimerism within 24 h in most cases. In order to achieve improved ...

    • High level accumulation of single-chain variable fragments in the cytosol of transgenicPetunia hybrida 

      De Jaeger, Geert; Buys, Emmanuel; Eeckhout, Dominique; De Wilde, Chris; Jacobs, Anni; Kapila, Jyoti; Angenon, Geert; Van Montagu, Marc; Gerats, , Tom; Depicker, Ann (Wiley-Blackwell, 1999)
      The accumulation of five murine single-chain variable fragments, binding to dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, was analyzed in transgenic Petunia hybrida plants. The five scFv-encoding sequences were cloned in an optimized plant ...

    • High Level Object Recognition Without an Anterior Inferior Temporal Lobe 

      Biederman, Irving; Gerhardstein, Peter C.; Cooper, Eric E.; Nelson, Charles A. (Elsevier, 1997)
      Seven individuals with unilateral anterior inferior temporal (AIT) lobectomies performed two types of shape recognition tasks with line drawings of 3D objects briefy presented in either the left or the right visual field. ...

    • High Levels of Epstein–Barr Virus DNA in Latently Infected Gastric Adenocarcinoma 

      Ryan, Julie L; Morgan, Douglas R; Dominguez, Ricardo L; Thorne, Leigh B; Elmore, Sandra H; Mino-Kenudson, Mari; Lauwers, Gregory Y.; Booker, Jessica K; Gulley, Margaret L (Nature Publishing Group, 2009)
      Gastric adenocarcinoma is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is present in the malignant cells of approximately 10% of cases. It is unclear whether EBV is being missed in some ...

    • High Loading of Polygenic Risk for ADHD in Children With Comorbid Aggression 

      Hamshere, Marian L.; Langley, Kate; Martin, Joanna; Agha, Sharifah Shameem; Stergiakouli, Evangelia; Anney, Richard J.L.; Buitelaar, Jan; Faraone, Stephen V.; Lesch, Klaus-Peter; Neale, Benjamin M.; Franke, Barbara; Sonuga-Barke, Edmund; Asherson, Philip; Merwood, Andrew; Kuntsi, Jonna; Medland, Sarah E.; Ripke, Stephan; Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph; Freitag, Christine; Reif, Andreas; Renner, Tobias J.; Romanos, Marcel; Romanos, Jasmin; Warnke, Andreas; Meyer, Jobst; Palmason, Haukur; Vasquez, Alejandro Arias; Lambregts-Rommelse, Nanda; Roeyers, Herbert; Biederman, Joseph; Doyle, Alysa E.; Hakonarson, Hakon; Rothenberger, Aribert; Banaschewski, Tobias; Oades, Robert D.; McGough, James J.; Kent, Lindsey; Williams, Nigel; Owen, Michael J.; Holmans, Peter; O’Donovan, Michael C.; Thapar, Anita (American Psychiatric Association, 2014)
      Objective: Although attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly heritable, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have not yet identified any common genetic variants that contribute to risk. There is evidence ...

    • High Pancreatic n-3 Fatty Acids Prevent STZ-Induced Diabetes in Fat-1 Mice: Inflammatory Pathway Inhibition 

      Bellenger, Jérôme; Bellenger, Sandrine; Bataille, Amandine; Nicolaou, Anna; Rialland, Mickaël; Tessier, Christian; Narce, Michel; Massey, Karen A.; Kang, Jing Xuan (American Diabetes Association, 2011)
      Obejctive: Because of confounding factors, the effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on type 1 diabetes remain to be clarified. We therefore evaluated whether fat-1 transgenic mice, a well-controlled ...

    • High Phobic Anxiety Is Related to Lower Leukocyte Telomere Length in Women 

      Okereke, Olivia Ifeoma; Prescott, Jennifer; Wong, Jason Yat Yang; Han, Jiali; Rexrode, Kathryn Marian; De Vivo, Immaculata (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Background: Chronic psychological distress has been linked to shorter telomeres, an indication of accelerated aging. Yet, little is known about relations of anxiety to telomeres. We examined whether a typically chronic ...

    • High Prevalence of Hypertension and Placental Insufficiency, but No In Utero HIV Transmission, among Women on HAART with Stillbirths in Botswana 

      Souda, Sajini; Parekh, Natasha; Binda, Kelebogile; Kayembe, Mukendi; Svab, Petr; Babitseng, Orphinah; Jimbo, William; Creek, Tracy; Essex, Max; Shapiro, Roger L.; Lockman, Shahin; Powis, Kathleen Marie; Makhema, Joseph Moeketsi; Roberts, Drucilla Jane (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Background: Increased stillbirth rates occur among HIV-infected women, but no studies have evaluated the pathological basis for this increase, or whether highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) influences the etiology ...

    • High Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Relation to Social Factors in Affected Population One Year after the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster 

      Tsujiuchi, Takuya; Yamaguchi, Maya; Masuda, Kazutaka; Tsuchida, Marisa; Inomata, Tadashi; Kumano, Hiroaki; Kikuchi, Yasushi; Augusterfer, Eugene F.; Mollica, Richard F. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Objective: This study investigated post-traumatic stress symptoms in relation to the population affected by the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster, one year after the disaster. Additionally, we investigated social factors, such ...

    • High Quality Care and Ethical Pay-for-performance: A Society of General Internal Medicine Policy Analysis 

      Wharam, James Franklin; Paasche-Orlow, Michael K.; Farber, Neil J.; Sinsky, Christine; Rucker, Lisa; Rask, Kimberly J.; Figaro, M. Kathleen; Braddock, Clarence; Barry, Michael John; Sulmasy, Daniel P. (Springer-Verlag, 2009)
      BACKGROUND: Pay-for-performance is proliferating, yet its impact on key stakeholders remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE: The Society of General Internal Medicine systematically evaluated ethical issues raised by performance-based ...

    • High rates of unplanned interruptions from HIV care early after antiretroviral therapy initiation in Nigeria 

      Ahonkhai, Aimalohi A.; Banigbe, Bolanle; Adeola, Juliet; Onwuatuelo, Ifeyinwa; Bassett, Ingrid V.; Losina, Elena; Freedberg, Kenneth A.; Okonkwo, Prosper; Regan, Susan (BioMed Central, 2015)
      Background: Unplanned care interruption (UCI) challenges effective HIV treatment. We determined the frequency and risk factors for UCI in Nigeria. Methods: We conducted a retrospective-cohort study of adults initiating ...

    • High Resolution Helium Ion Scanning Microscopy of the Rat Kidney 

      Rice, William; Van Hoek, Alfred N.; Păunescu, Teodor G.; Huynh, Chuong; Goetze, Bernhard; Singh, Bipin; Scipioni, Larry; Stern, Lewis A.; Brown, Dennis (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Helium ion scanning microscopy is a novel imaging technology with the potential to provide sub-nanometer resolution images of uncoated biological tissues. So far, however, it has been used mainly in materials science ...

    • High Risk Population Isolate Reveals Low Frequency Variants Predisposing to Intracranial Aneurysms 

      Kurki, Mitja I.; Gaál, Emília Ilona; Kettunen, Johannes; Lappalainen, Tuuli; Menelaou, Androniki; Anttila, Verneri; van 't Hof, Femke N. G.; von und zu Fraunberg, Mikael; Helisalmi, Seppo; Hiltunen, Mikko; Lehto, Hanna; Laakso, Aki; Kivisaari, Riku; Koivisto, Timo; Ronkainen, Antti; Rinne, Jaakko; Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L.; Vermeulen, Sita H.; Kaunisto, Mari A.; Eriksson, Johan G.; Aromaa, Arpo; Perola, Markus; Lehtimäki, Terho; Raitakari, Olli T.; Salomaa, Veikko; Gunel, Murat; Dermitzakis, Emmanouil T.; Ruigrok, Ynte M.; Rinkel, Gabriel J. E.; Niemelä, Mika; Hernesniemi, Juha; Ripatti, Samuli; de Bakker, Paul I. W.; Palotie, Aarno; Jääskeläinen, Juha E. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      3% of the population develops saccular intracranial aneurysms (sIAs), a complex trait, with a sporadic and a familial form. Subarachnoid hemorrhage from sIA (sIA-SAH) is a devastating form of stroke. Certain rare genetic ...

    • High Sensitivity 1H-NMR Spectroscopy of Homeopathic Remedies Made in Water 

      Anick, David Jay (BioMed Central, 2004)
      Background: The efficacy of homeopathy is controversial. Homeopathic remedies are made via iterated shaking and dilution, in ethanol or in water, from a starting substance. Remedies of potency 12 C or higher are ultra-dilute ...

    • High throughput detection of miRNAs and gene-specific mRNA at the single-cell level by flow cytometry 

      Porichis, Filippos; Hart, Meghan G.; Griesbeck, Morgane; Everett, Holly L.; Hassan, Muska; Baxter, Amy E.; Lindqvist, Madelene; Miller, Sara M.; Soghoian, Damien Z.; Kavanagh, Daniel G.; Reynolds, Susan; Norris, Brett; Mordecai, Scott K.; Nguyen, Quan; Lai, Chunfai; Kaufmann, Daniel E. (2014)
      Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is a method that uses fluorescent probes to detect specific nucleic acid sequences at the single cell level. Here we describe optimized protocols that exploit a highly sensitive ...

    • High Throughput Kinomic Profiling of Human Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Identifies Kinase Activity Dependent Molecular Subtypes 

      Anderson, Joshua C.; Willey, Christopher D.; Mehta, Amitkumar; Welaya, Karim; Chen, Dongquan; Duarte, Christine W.; Ghatalia, Pooja; Arafat, Waleed; Madan, Ankit; Sudarshan, Sunil; Naik, Gurudatta; Grizzle, William E.; Choueiri, Toni K.; Sonpavde, Guru (Public Library of Science, 2015)
      Despite the widespread use of kinase-targeted agents in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CC-RCC), comprehensive kinase activity evaluation (kinomic profiling) of these tumors is lacking. Thus, kinomic profiling of CC-RCC ...