Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title
Now showing items 9359-9378 of 18426
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Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 Is Regulated by a Dual Phosphorylation-dependent Switch
(American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2007)The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3) regulates genes in the innate immune response. IRF-3 is activated through phosphorylation by the kinases IKK is an element of and/or TBK1. Phosphorylation ... -
Interferon-gamma deficiency prevents coronary arteriosclerosis but not myocardial rejection in transplanted mouse hearts
(American Society for Clinical Investigation, 1997)We have hypothesized that T cell cytokines participate in the pathogenesis of graft arterial disease (GAD). This study tested the consequences of IFN-gamma deficiency on arterial and parenchymal pathology in murine cardiac ... -
Interferon-γ-induced activation of JAK1 and JAK2 suppresses tumor cell susceptibility to NK cells through upregulation of PD-L1 expression
(Taylor & Francis, 2015)Inhibition of JAK1 or JAK2 in human tumor cells was previously shown to increase susceptibility of these cells to NK cell lysis. In the present study, we examined the cellular mechanisms that mediate this effect in ... -
Interfractional Variations in the Setup of Pelvic Bony Anatomy and Soft Tissue, and Their Implications on the Delivery of Proton Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer
(Elsevier BV, 2011)Purpose To quantify daily variations in the anatomy of patients undergoing radiation therapy for prostate carcinoma, to estimate their effect on dose distribution, and to evaluate the effectiveness of current standard ... -
INTERGENERATIONAL EXPERIENCES OF FEMALE GENITAL CUTTING/MUTILATION AMONG WOMEN OF SUDANESE ORIGIN IN MASSACHUSETTS, USA
(2021-06-25)Female genital cutting (FGC) plays a major role in increasing the gender gap in the Sudanese community. The FGC experience breaks women’s self-trust from childhood and makes them submissive and subservient to a world ... -
Intergenerational Transmission of Glucose Intolerance and Obesity by In Utero Undernutrition in Mice
(American Diabetes Association, 2009)OBJECTIVE—Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease during adult life. Moreover, this programmed disease risk can progress to subsequent generations. We ... -
Interictal dysfunction of a brainstem descending modulatory center in migraine patients
(Public Library of Science, 2008)Background: The brainstem contains descending circuitry that can modulate nociceptive processing (neural signals associated with pain) in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and the medullary dorsal horn. In migraineurs, ... -
Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy
(MyJove Corporation, 2016)Crucial to the success of epilepsy surgery is the availability of a robust biomarker that identifies the Epileptogenic Zone (EZ). High Frequency Oscillations (HFOs) have emerged as potential presurgical biomarkers for the ... -
Interleukin 18 function in atherosclerosis is mediated by the interleukin 18 receptor and the Na-Cl co-transporter
(Nature Publishing Group, 2015)Interleukin-18 (IL18) participates in atherogenesis through several putative mechanisms1, 2. Interruption of IL18 action reduces atherosclerosis in mice3, 4. Here, we show that absence of the IL18 receptor (IL18r) does not ... -
Interleukin 1: a mitogen for human vascular smooth muscle cells that induces the release of growth-inhibitory prostanoids.
(American Society for Clinical Investigation, 1988)There is much interest in defining the signals that initiate abnormal proliferation of cells in a variety of states characterized by the presence of mononuclear phagocytes. Since IL-1 is a major secretory product of activated ... -
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist suppresses Langerhans cell activity and promotes ocular immune privilege
(1998)PURPOSE: To determine whether the capacity of Langerhans cells (LCs) to abrogate ocular immune privilege can be suppressed by the topical application of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). METHODS: Cautery was ... -
Interleukin-1β inhibition and the prevention of recurrent cardiovascular events: Rationale and Design of the Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes Study (CANTOS)
(Elsevier BV, 2011)Background Inflammation contributes to all phases of the atherothrombotic process, and patients with elevated inflammatory biomarkers such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) have increased vascular risk. Yet, ... -
Interleukin-22 exacerbates airway inflammation induced by short-term exposure to cigarette smoke in mice
(Nature Publishing Group, 2014)Aim: Interleukin-22 (IL-22) exhibits both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties in various biological processes. In this study we explored the effects of exogenous recombinant IL-22 (rIL-22) on cigarette smoke ... -
Interleukin-22 Inhibits Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2013)Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and fatal fibrotic disease of the lungs with unclear etiology. Recent insight has suggested that early injury/inflammation of alveolar epithelial cells could lead to dysregulation of ... -
Interleukin-3 amplifies acute inflammation and is a potential therapeutic target in sepsis
(American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2015)Sepsis is a frequently fatal condition characterized by an uncontrolled and harmful host reaction to microbial infection. Despite the prevalence and severity of sepsis, we lack a fundamental grasp of its pathophysiology. ... -
Interleukin-33 Primes Mast Cells for Activation by IgG Immune Complexes
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Mast cells (MCs) are heterogeneous cells whose phenotype is modulated by signals received from the local microenvironment. Recent studies have identified the mesenchymal-derived cytokine IL-33 as a potent direct activator ... -
Interleukin-6 Is a Risk Factor for Atrial Fibrillation in Chronic Kidney Disease: Findings from the CRIC Study
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, we examined the association between inflammation and AF in 3,762 adults with CKD, enrolled in ... -
Interleukin-6 Receptor Gene, Plasma C-Reactive Protein, and Diabetes Risk in Women
(American Diabetes Association, 2009)OBJECTIVE—Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) related common variants in the interleukin-6 (Il-6) receptor (IL6R) gene to plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. Because IL6R variants were previously ... -
Interleukin-6 Secretion by Astrocytes Is Dynamically Regulated by PI3K-mTOR-Calcium Signaling
(Public Library of Science, 2014)After contusion spinal cord injury (SCI), astrocytes become reactive and form a glial scar. While this reduces spreading of the damage by containing the area of injury, it inhibits regeneration. One strategy to improve the ... -
Interleukin-7 treatment of PML in a patient with idiopathic lymphocytopenia
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016)Objective: To describe the compassionate use of interleukin-7 (IL-7) for treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in the setting of idiopathic CD8+ greater than CD4+ lymphocytopenia. Methods: A 66-year-old ...