Browsing Harvard Medical School by Keyword "Child Health"
Now showing items 1-19 of 19
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Are Maternal Social Networks and Perceptions of Trust Associated with Suspected Autism Spectrum Disorder in Offspring? A Population-Based Study in Japan
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Objective: To investigate the associations of maternal social networks and perceptions of trust with the prevalence of suspected autism spectrum disorders in 18-month-old offspring in Japan. Methods: Questionnaires included ... -
The Association of Early Childhood Cognitive Development and Behavioural Difficulties with Pre-Adolescent Problematic Eating Attitudes
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Objectives: Few studies have prospectively investigated associations of child cognitive ability and behavioural difficulties with later eating attitudes. We investigated associations of intelligence quotient (IQ), academic ... -
Caregiver Perceptions and Motivation for Disclosing or Concealing the Diagnosis of HIV Infection to Children Receiving HIV Care in Mbarara, Uganda: A Qualitative Study
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Background: Disclosure of the diagnosis of HIV to HIV-infected children is challenging for caregivers. Despite current recommendations, data suggest that levels of disclosure of HIV status to HIV-infected children receiving ... -
Costs of Inaction on Maternal Mortality: Qualitative Evidence of the Impacts of Maternal Deaths on Living Children in Tanzania
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: Little is known about the interconnectedness of maternal deaths and impacts on children, beyond infants, or the mechanisms through which this interconnectedness is established. A study was conducted in rural ... -
Early Nutrition and Weight Gain in Preterm Newborns and the Risk of Retinopathy of Prematurity
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Objective: To identify nutritional and weight gain limitations associated with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) severity among very preterm newborns. Patients and Methods 1180 infants <28 weeks GA at birth with ROP examination ... -
Expectation versus Reality: The Impact of Utility on Emotional Outcomes after Returning Individualized Genetic Research Results in Pediatric Rare Disease Research, a Qualitative Interview Study
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Purpose Much information on parental perspectives on the return of individual research results (IRR) in pediatric genomic research is based on hypothetical rather than actual IRR. Our aim was to understand how the expected ... -
Filter Paper Blood Spot Enzyme Linked Immunoassay for Adiponectin and Application in the Evaluation of Determinants of Child Insulin Sensitivity
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone that acts as a marker of insulin sensitivity. Bloodspot sampling by fingerstick onto filter paper may increase the feasibility of large-scale studies of the determinants ... -
Intrinsic Susceptibility MRI Identifies Tumors with ALKF1174L Mutation in Genetically-Engineered Murine Models of High-Risk Neuroblastoma
(Public Library of Science, 2014)The early identification of children presenting ALKF1174L-mutated neuroblastoma, which are associated with resistance to the promising ALK inhibitor crizotinib and a marked poorer prognosis, has become a clinical priority. ... -
The Microbial Spectrum of Neonatal Sepsis in Uganda: Recovery of Culturable Bacteria in Mother-Infant Pairs
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Neonatal sepsis in the developing world is incompletely characterized. We seek to characterize the microbial spectrum involved in sepsis and determine the role of maternal transmission by comparing organisms that can be ... -
Perceptions of Neighborhood Safety and Asthma among Children and Adolescents in Los Angeles: A Multilevel Analysis
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Background: Research examining the impact of neighborhoods on asthma has shown an increased interest in the role of the psychosocial environment. We examined the associations between various measures of neighborhood safety, ... -
Preterm Birth and Childhood Wheezing Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Background: Accumulating evidence implicates early life factors in the aetiology of non-communicable diseases, including asthma/wheezing disorders. We undertook a systematic review investigating risks of asthma/wheezing ... -
Routine HIV Testing in Adolescents and Young Adults Presenting to an Outpatient Clinic in Durban, South Africa
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Objectives: Although youth (12–24 years) in Sub-Saharan Africa have a high HIV risk, many have poor access to HIV testing services and are unaware of their status. Our objective was to evaluate the proportion of adolescents ... -
scMRI Reveals Large-Scale Brain Network Abnormalities in Autism
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Autism is a complex neurological condition characterized by childhood onset of dysfunction in multiple cognitive domains including socio-emotional function, speech and language, and processing of internally versus externally ... -
Socioeconomic and Other Social Stressors and Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Youth: A Systematic Review of Less Studied Risk Factors
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: Socioeconomic disadvantage and other social stressors in childhood have been linked with cardiometabolic diseases in adulthood; however the mechanisms underlying these observed associations and the timing of ... -
Temporal Patterns of Medications Dispensed to Children and Adolescents in a National Insured Population
(Public Library of Science, 2012)This study aimed to comprehensively describe prevalence and temporal dispensing patterns for medications prescribed to children and adolescents in the United States. Participants were 1.6 million children (49% female) under ... -
Transient and Persistent Pain Induced Connectivity Alterations in Pediatric Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Evaluation of pain-induced changes in functional connectivity was performed in pediatric complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) patients. High field functional magnetic resonance imaging was done in the symptomatic painful ... -
A Twin Study of Early-Childhood Asthma in Puerto Ricans
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: The relative contributions of genetics and environment to asthma in Hispanics or to asthma in children younger than 3 years are not well understood. Objective: To examine the relative contributions of genetics ... -
Understanding the Role of Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets in Tanzania’s Health System
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Introduction: People in many low-income countries access medicines from retail drug shops. In Tanzania, a public-private partnership launched in 2003 used an accreditation approach to improve access to quality medicines ... -
Use of Artificial Intelligence to Shorten the Behavioral Diagnosis of Autism
(Public Library of Science, 2012)The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) is one of the most commonly used instruments for assisting in the behavioral diagnosis of autism. The exam consists of 93 questions that must be answered by a care provider ...