Browsing Harvard Medical School by Keyword "Children"

Now showing items 1-20 of 25

    • Alkaline Phosphatase, Soluble Extracellular Adenine Nucleotides, and Adenosine Production after Infant Cardiopulmonary Bypass 

      Davidson, Jesse A.; Urban, Tracy; Tong, Suhong; Twite, Mark; Woodruff, Alan; Wischmeyer, Paul E.; Klawitter, Jelena (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Rationale: Decreased alkaline phosphatase activity after infant cardiac surgery is associated with increased post-operative cardiovascular support requirements. In adults undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, alkaline ...

    • Ancient Haplotypes at the 15q24.2 Microdeletion Region Are Linked to Brain Expression of MAN2C1 and Children's Intelligence 

      Cáceres, Alejandro; Esko, Tõnu; Pappa, Irene; Gutiérrez, Armand; Lopez-Espinosa, Maria-Jose; Llop, Sabrina; Bustamante, Mariona; Tiemeier, Henning; Metspalu, Andres; Joshi, Peter K.; Wilsonx, James F.; Reina-Castillón, Judith; Shin, Jean; Pausova, Zdenka; Paus, Tomáš; Sunyer, Jordi; Pérez-Jurado, Luis A.; González, Juan R. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      The chromosome bands 15q24.1-15q24.3 contain a complex region with numerous segmental duplications that predispose to regional microduplications and microdeletions, both of which have been linked to intellectual disability, ...

    • Auditory-Motor Mapping Training: Comparing the Effects of a Novel Speech Treatment to a Control Treatment for Minimally Verbal Children with Autism 

      Chenausky, Karen; Norton, Andrea; Tager-Flusberg, Helen; Schlaug, Gottfried (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      This study compared Auditory-Motor Mapping Training (AMMT), an intonation-based treatment for facilitating spoken language in minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), to a matched control treatment, ...

    • Biomarkers of Environmental Enteropathy, Inflammation, Stunting, and Impaired Growth in Children in Northeast Brazil 

      Guerrant, Richard L.; Leite, Alvaro M.; Pinkerton, Relana; Medeiros, Pedro H. Q. S.; Cavalcante, Paloma A.; DeBoer, Mark; Kosek, Margaret; Duggan, Christopher; Gewirtz, Andrew; Kagan, Jonathan C.; Gauthier, Anna E.; Swann, Jonathan; Mayneris-Perxachs, Jordi; Bolick, David T.; Maier, Elizabeth A.; Guedes, Marjorie M.; Moore, Sean R.; Petri, William A.; Havt, Alexandre; Lima, Ila F.; Prata, Mara de Moura Gondim; Michaleckyj, Josyf C.; Scharf, Rebecca J.; Sturgeon, Craig; Fasano, Alessio; Lima, Aldo A. M. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Critical to the design and assessment of interventions for enteropathy and its developmental consequences in children living in impoverished conditions are non-invasive biomarkers that can detect intestinal damage and ...

    • Calcium, TRPC channels, and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in podocytes: towards a future of targeted therapies 

      Wieder, Nicolas; Greka, Anna (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015)
      With more than 6,000 new pediatric patients with treatment-resistant nephrotic syndrome in the US each year alone, the unmet need for novel, podocyte-specific therapies is substantial. Recently, the established therapeutic ...

    • Clinical research in pediatric organ transplantation 

      Azeka, Estela; Saavedra, Laura Castillo; Fregni, Felipe (Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, 2014)
      Solid organ transplantation has greatly improved survival in children with end-stage disease, becoming one of the main treatment options in this population. Nonetheless, there are significant challenges associated with ...

    • Consensus Statement on Research Definitions for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Children 

      Seddon, James A.; Perez-Velez, Carlos M.; Schaaf, H. Simon; Furin, Jennifer J.; Marais, Ben J.; Tebruegge, Marc; Detjen, Anne; Hesseling, Anneke C.; Shah, Sarita; Adams, Lisa V.; Starke, Jeffrey R.; Swaminathan, Soumya; Becerra, Mercedes C. (Oxford University Press, 2013)
      Few children with drug-resistant (DR) tuberculosis (TB) are identified, diagnosed, and given an appropriate treatment. The few studies that have described this vulnerable population have used inconsistent definitions. The ...

    • The Economic Burden Attributable to a Child’s Inpatient Admission for Diarrheal Disease in Rwanda 

      Ngabo, Fidele; Mvundura, Mercy; Gazley, Lauren; Gatera, Maurice; Rugambwa, Celse; Kayonga, Eugene; Tuyishime, Yvette; Niyibaho, Jeanne; Mwenda, Jason M.; Donnen, Philippe; Lepage, Philippe; Binagwaho, Agnes; Atherly, Deborah (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Background: Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of childhood morbidity and mortality. Hospitalization for diarrhea can pose a significant burden to health systems and households. The objective of this study was to estimate ...

    • Electronic Health Record Based Algorithm to Identify Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder 

      Lingren, Todd; Chen, Pei; Bochenek, Joseph; Doshi-Velez, Finale; Manning-Courtney, Patty; Bickel, Julie; Wildenger Welchons, Leah; Reinhold, Judy; Bing, Nicole; Ni, Yizhao; Barbaresi, William; Mentch, Frank; Basford, Melissa; Denny, Joshua; Vazquez, Lyam; Perry, Cassandra; Namjou, Bahram; Qiu, Haijun; Connolly, John; Abrams, Debra; Holm, Ingrid A.; Cobb, Beth A.; Lingren, Nataline; Solti, Imre; Hakonarson, Hakon; Kohane, Isaac S.; Harley, John; Savova, Guergana (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Objective: Cohort selection is challenging for large-scale electronic health record (EHR) analyses, as International Classification of Diseases 9th edition (ICD-9) diagnostic codes are notoriously unreliable disease ...

    • Ethics in Community-Based Research with Vulnerable Children: Perspectives from Rwanda 

      Betancourt, Theresa; Smith Fawzi, Mary C.; Stevenson, Anne; Kanyanganzi, Fredrick; Kirk, Catherine; Ng, Lauren; Mushashi, Christina; Bizimana, Justin I.; Beardslee, William; Raviola, Giuseppe; Smith, Stephanie; Kayiteshonga, Yvonne; Binagwaho, Agnes (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      A “risk of harm” protocol to identify youth in need of immediate emergency assistance in a study on mental health and HIV in Rwanda among 680 youth ages 10–17 is described. Cases are presented that describe the experience ...

    • Experience Playing a Musical Instrument and Overnight Sleep Enhance Performance on a Sequential Typing Task 

      Tucker, Matthew A.; Nguyen, Nam; Stickgold, Robert (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      The smooth, coordinated fine motor movements required to play a musical instrument are not only highly valued in our society; they also predict academic success in areas that generalize beyond the motor domain, including ...

    • The frequency modulated auditory evoked response (FMAER), a technical advance for study of childhood language disorders: cortical source localization and selected case studies 

      Duffy, Frank H; Eksioglu, Yaman Z; Rotenberg, Alexander; Madsen, Joseph R; Shankardass, Aditi; Als, Heidelise (BioMed Central, 2013)
      Background: Language comprehension requires decoding of complex, rapidly changing speech streams. Detecting changes of frequency modulation (FM) within speech is hypothesized as essential for accurate phoneme detection, ...

    • Functional and structural brain correlates of risk for major depression in children with familial depression 

      Chai, Xiaoqian J.; Hirshfeld-Becker, Dina; Biederman, Joseph; Uchida, Mai; Doehrmann, Oliver; Leonard, Julia A.; Salvatore, John; Kenworthy, Tara; Brown, Ariel; Kagan, Elana; de los Angeles, Carlo; Whitfield-Gabrieli, Susan; Gabrieli, John D.E. (Elsevier, 2015)
      Despite growing evidence for atypical amygdala function and structure in major depression, it remains uncertain as to whether these brain differences reflect the clinical state of depression or neurobiological traits that ...

    • Growth in Total Height and Its Components and Cardiometabolic Health in Childhood 

      Haugaard, Line Klingen; Baker, Jennifer L.; Perng, Wei; Belfort, Mandy Brown; Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl L.; Switkowski, Karen; Oken, Emily; Gillman, Matthew W. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Background: Short stature or short legs is associated with cardiometabolic disease. Few studies have addressed this issue in children, incorporated repeated measures, or studied modern cohorts. Methods: We examined if ...

    • Hegemann’s disease and fishtail deformity: aetiopathogenesis, radiographic appearance and clinical outcome 

      Claessen, Femke M. A. P.; Louwerens, Jan K. G.; Doornberg, Job N.; van Dijk, C. Niek; van den Bekerom, Michel P. J.; Eygendaal, Denise (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015)
      Purpose A systematic review regarding clinical studies on Hegemann’s disease and fishtail deformity was performed with the aims to: (1) formulate the most up-to-date theory on aetiology in order to better define these ...

    • Improving dietary quality in youth with type 1 diabetes: randomized clinical trial of a family-based behavioral intervention 

      Nansel, Tonja R; Laffel, Lori M B; Haynie, Denise L; Mehta, Sanjeev N; Lipsky, Leah M; Volkening, Lisa K; Butler, Deborah A; Higgins, Laurie A; Liu, Aiyi (BioMed Central, 2015)
      Background: Diets of children with type 1 diabetes are low in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and high in foods of minimal nutritional value, increasing risk for future adverse health outcomes. This 18-month randomized ...

    • Optical coherence tomography angiography in pediatric choroidal neovascularization 

      Veronese, Chiara; Maiolo, Chiara; Huang, David; Jia, Yali; Armstrong, Grayson W.; Morara, Mariachiara; Ciardella, Antonio P. (2016)
      Purpose To report two cases of pediatric choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and the associated neo-vascular and retinal findings identified on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) imaging. Methods: A 14-year-old ...

    • Oral Health Disparities and Unmet Dental Needs among Preschool Children in Chelsea, MA: Exploring Mechanisms, Defining Solutions 

      Isong, Inyang; Dantas, Laila; Gerard, Macda; Kuhlthau, Karen (2014)
      Background: Significant disparities exist in children’s receipt of preventive dental care (PDC) in the United States. Many of the children at greatest risk of dental disease do not receive timely PDC; when they do receive ...

    • Predicting ADHD by Assessment of Rutter’s Indicators of Adversity in Infancy 

      Østergaard, Søren D.; Larsen, Janne T.; Dalsgaard, Søren; Wilens, Timothy E.; Mortensen, Preben B.; Agerbo, Esben; Mors, Ole; Petersen, Liselotte (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder with early onset. ADHD is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, partly due to delayed diagnosis. ...

    • School-based mental health intervention for children in war-affected Burundi: a cluster randomized trial 

      Tol, Wietse A; Komproe, Ivan H; Jordans, Mark JD; Ndayisaba, Aline; Ntamutumba, Prudence; Sipsma, Heather; Smallegange, Eva S; Macy, Robert D; de Jong, Joop TVM (BioMed Central, 2014)
      Background: Armed conflicts are associated with a wide range of impacts on the mental health of children and adolescents. We evaluated the effectiveness of a school-based intervention aimed at reducing symptoms of posttraumatic ...