Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Keyword "evolutionary biology"

Now showing items 21-30 of 30

    • NSAIDs Modulate CDKN2A, TP53, and DNA Content Risk for Progression to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma 

      Galipeau, Patricia C; Li, Xiaohong; Blount, Patricia L; Maley, Carlo C; Sanchez, Carissa A; Odze, Robert D.; Ayub, Kamran; Rabinovitch, Peter S; Vaughan, Thomas L; Reid, Brian J (Public Library of Science, 2007)
      Background: Somatic genetic CDKN2A, TP53, and DNA content abnormalities are common in many human cancers and their precursors, including esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) and Barrett's esophagus (BE), conditions for which ...

    • Patterns and Implications of Gene Gain and Loss in the Evolution of Prochlorococcus 

      Kettler, Gregory C; Martiny, Adam C; Coleman, Maureen L; Rodrigue, Sebastien; Lapidus, Alla; Ferriera, Steven; Steglich, Claudia; Chisholm, Sallie W; Huang, Katherine; Zucker, Jeremy Daniel Hofeld; Chen, Feng; Johnson, Justin; Church, George McDonald; Richardson, Paul (Public Library of Science, 2007)
      Prochlorococcus is a marine cyanobacterium that numerically dominates the mid-latitude oceans and is the smallest known oxygenic phototroph. Numerous isolates from diverse areas of the world's oceans have been studied and ...

    • Persisting Viral Sequences Shape Microbial CRISPR-Based Immunity 

      Weinberger, Ariel D; Sun, Christine L.; Pluciński, Mateusz M.; Denef, Vincent J.; Thomas, Brian C.; Horvath, Philippe; Barrangou, Rodolphe; Gilmore, Michael S.; Getz, Wayne M.; Banfield, Jillian F. (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Well-studied innate immune systems exist throughout bacteria and archaea, but a more recently discovered genomic locus may offer prokaryotes surprising immunological adaptability. Mediated by a cassette-like genomic locus ...

    • Prion Switching in Response to Environmental Stress 

      Tyedmers, Jens; Madariaga, Maria Lucia Lagade; Lindquist, Susan (Public Library of Science, 2008)
      Evolution depends on the manner in which genetic variation is translated into new phenotypes. There has been much debate about whether organisms might have specific mechanisms for “evolvability,” which would generate ...

    • Recognition of HIV-1 Peptides by Host CTL Is Related to HIV-1 Similarity to Human Proteins 

      Rolland, Morgane; Nickle, David C.; Deng, Wenjie; Frahm, Nicole; Learn, Gerald H.; Heckerman, David; Jojic, Nebosja; Jojic, Vladimir; Mullins, James I.; Brander, Christian; Walker, Bruce David (Public Library of Science, 2007)
      Background: While human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes preferentially target specific regions of the viral proteome, HIV-1 features that contribute to immune recognition are not well ...

    • Roles of Major Facilitator Superfamily Transporters in Phosphate Response in \(Drosophila\) 

      Bergwitz, Clemens; Rasmussen, Matthew D.; DeRobertis, Charles; Wee, Mark J.; Sinha, Sumi; Chen, Hway H.; Huang, Joanne; Perrimon, Norbert (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter \(Pho84\) and the type III transporter \(Pho84\) are responsible for metabolic effects of inorganic phosphate in yeast. While the \(Pho84\) ortholog Pit1 was also shown ...

    • Runs of Homozygosity Implicate Autozygosity as a Schizophrenia Risk Factor 

      Keller, Matthew C.; Simonson, Matthew A.; Ripke, Stephan; Gejman, Pablo V.; Lencz, Todd; Levinson, Douglas F.; Sullivan, Patrick F.; Neale, Benjamin Michael; Howrigan, Daniel Patrick; Lee, Sang Hong (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Autozygosity occurs when two chromosomal segments that are identical from a common ancestor are inherited from each parent. This occurs at high rates in the offspring of mates who are closely related (inbreeding), but also ...

    • Symmetry Is Related to Sexual Dimorphism in Faces: Data Across Culture and Species 

      Little, Anthony C.; Jones, Benedict C.; Waitt, Corri; Tiddeman, Bernard P.; Feinberg, David R.; Perrett, David I.; Apicella, Coren Lee; Marlowe, Frank W. (Public Library of Science, 2008)
      Background: Many animals both display and assess multiple signals. Two prominently studied traits are symmetry and sexual dimorphism, which, for many animals, are proposed cues to heritable fitness benefits. These traits ...

    • XY and ZW: Is Meiotic Sex Chromosome Inactivation the Rule in Evolution? 

      Namekawa, Satoshi H.; Malik, Harmit S.; Lee, Jeannie T. (Public Library of Science, 2009)

    • Zebrafish VEGF Receptors: A Guideline to Nomenclature 

      Bussmann, Jeroen; Lawson, Nathan; Zon, Leonard Ira; Schulte-Merker, Stefan; Zebrafish Nomenclature Committee (Public Library of Science, 2008)