Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Title

Now showing items 5890-5909 of 17920

    • Evoked itch perception is associated with changes in functional brain connectivity 

      Desbordes, Gaëlle; Li, Ang; Loggia, Marco L.; Kim, Jieun; Schalock, Peter C.; Lerner, Ethan; Tran, Thanh N.; Ring, Johannes; Rosen, Bruce R.; Kaptchuk, Ted J.; Pfab, Florian; Napadow, Vitaly (Elsevier, 2014)
      Chronic itch, a highly debilitating condition, has received relatively little attention in the neuroimaging literature. Recent studies suggest that brain regions supporting itch in chronic itch patients encompass sensorimotor ...

    • Evoked Pain Analgesia in Chronic Pelvic Pain Patients Using Respiratory-Gated Auricular Vagal Afferent Nerve Stimulation 

      Napadow, Vitaly J.; Edwards, Robert R; Cahalan, Christine M.; Mensing, George; Greenbaum, Seth; Valovska, Assia; Li, Ang; Kim, Jieun; Maeda, Yumi; Park, Kyungmo; Wasan, Ajay D. (Oxford University Press (OUP), 2012)
      Objective Previous Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) studies have demonstrated anti-nociceptive effects, and recent non-invasive approaches; termed transcutaneous-VNS, or t-VNS, have utilized stimulation of the auricular ...

    • Evolution and Current Role of Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation for Treatment of Articular Cartilage Defects in the Football (Soccer) Player 

      Mithoefer, Kai; Peterson, Lars; Saris, Daniel B.F.; Mandelbaum, Bert R. (SAGE Publications, 2012)
      Background: Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) continues to technically evolve, but how the technical innovations affect the ability to participate in high-impact sports such as football is unknown. Methods: Clinical ...

    • Evolution of a cytoplasmic tripartite motif (TRIM) protein in cows that restricts retroviral infection 

      Si, Zhihai; Vandegraaff, Nick; O’hUigin, Colm; Song, Byeongwoon; Yuan, Wen; Xu, Chen; Perron, Michel; Li, Xing; Marasco, Wayne A.; Engelman, Alan; Dean, Michael; Sodroski, Joseph (National Academy of Sciences, 2006)
      Primate tripartite motif 5 alpha (TRIM5 alpha) proteins mediate innate intracellular resistance to retroviruses. In humans, TRIMS is located in a paralogous cluster that includes TRIM6, TRIM34, and TRIM22. Although TRIM6 ...

    • Evolution of a TRIM5-CypA Splice Isoform in Old World Monkeys 

      Newman, Ruchi M.; Hall, Laura R; Kirmaier, Andrea; Pozzi, Lu-Ann; Pery, Erez; Farzan, Michael Reynolds; O'Neil, Shawn P.; Johnson, Welkin Eric (Public Library of Science, 2008)
      The TRIM family proteins share a conserved arrangement of three adjacent domains, an N-terminal RING domain, followed by one or two B-boxes and a coiled-coil, which constitutes the tripartite-motif for which the family is ...

    • The evolution of cooperation within the gut microbiota 

      Rakoff-Nahoum, Seth; Foster, Kevin R.; Comstock, Laurie E. (2016)
      Cooperative phenotypes are considered central to the functioning of microbial communities in many contexts, including communication via quorum sensing, biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance, and pathogenesis1-5. The ...

    • Evolution of coreceptor utilization to escape CCR5 antagonist therapy 

      Zhang, Jie; Gao, Xiang; Martin, John; Rosa, Bruce; Chen, Zheng; Mitreva, Makedonka; Henrich, Timothy; Kuritzkes, Daniel; Ratner, Lee (2016)
      The HIV-1 envelope interacts with coreceptors CCR5 and CXCR4 in a dynamic, multi-step process, its molecular details not clearly delineated. Use of CCR5 antagonists results in tropism shift and therapeutic failure. Here ...

    • The evolution of corneal and refractive surgery with the femtosecond laser 

      Aristeidou, Antonis; Taniguchi, Elise V.; Tsatsos, Michael; Muller, Rodrigo; McAlinden, Colm; Pineda, Roberto; Paschalis, Eleftherios I. (BioMed Central, 2015)
      The use of femtosecond lasers has created an evolution in modern corneal and refractive surgery. With accuracy, safety, and repeatability, eye surgeons can utilize the femtosecond laser in almost all anterior refractive ...

    • Evolution of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis over Four Decades: Whole Genome Sequencing and Dating Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from KwaZulu-Natal 

      Cohen, Keira A.; Abeel, Thomas; Manson McGuire, Abigail; Desjardins, Christopher A.; Munsamy, Vanisha; Shea, Terrance P.; Walker, Bruce J.; Bantubani, Nonkqubela; Almeida, Deepak V.; Alvarado, Lucia; Chapman, Sinéad B.; Mvelase, Nomonde R.; Duffy, Eamon Y.; Fitzgerald, Michael G.; Govender, Pamla; Gujja, Sharvari; Hamilton, Susanna; Howarth, Clinton; Larimer, Jeffrey D.; Maharaj, Kashmeel; Pearson, Matthew D.; Priest, Margaret E.; Zeng, Qiandong; Padayatchi, Nesri; Grosset, Jacques; Young, Sarah K.; Wortman, Jennifer; Mlisana, Koleka P.; O'Donnell, Max R.; Birren, Bruce W.; Bishai, William R.; Pym, Alexander S.; Earl, Ashlee M. (Public Library of Science, 2015)
      Background: The continued advance of antibiotic resistance threatens the treatment and control of many infectious diseases. This is exemplified by the largest global outbreak of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis ...

    • Evolution of Highly Polymorphic T Cell Populations in Siblings with the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome 

      Lutskiy, Maksim; Park, Jun Y.; Remold, Susanna K.; Remold-O'Donnell, Eileen (Public Library of Science, 2008)
      Population level evolutionary processes can occur within a single organism when the germ line contains a mutation that confers a cost at the level of the cell. Here we describe how multiple compensatory mutations arose ...

    • The Evolution of Homophily 

      Fu, Feng; Nowak, Martin A.; Christakis, Nicholas Alexander; Fowler, James H. (Nature Publishing Group, 2012)
      Biologists have devoted much attention to assortative mating or homogamy, the tendency for sexual species to mate with similar others. In contrast, there has been little theoretical work on the broader phenomenon of ...

    • Evolution of In-Group Favoritism 

      Fu, Feng; Tarnita, Corina Elena; Christakis, Nicholas Alexander; Wang, Long; Rand, David Gertler; Nowak, Martin A. (Nature Publishing Group, 2012)
      In-group favoritism is a central aspect of human behavior. People often help members of their own group more than members of other groups. Here we propose a mathematical framework for the evolution of in-group favoritism ...

    • The Evolution of Quorum Sensing as a Mechanism to Infer Kinship 

      Schluter, Jonas; Schoech, Armin P.; Foster, Kevin R.; Mitri, Sara (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Bacteria regulate many phenotypes via quorum sensing systems. Quorum sensing is typically thought to evolve because the regulated cooperative phenotypes are only beneficial at certain cell densities. However, quorum sensing ...

    • Evolution of resistance in paediatric patients with failure on antiretroviral therapy 

      Orrell, C; Levison, J; Ciaranello, A; Bekker, L; Kuritzkes, D; Freedberg, Kenneth Alan; Wood, R (International AIDS Society, 2012)

    • The Evolution of Sites of Surgery 

      Hedley-Whyte, John; Milamed, Debra (The Ulster Medical Society, 2006)
      The shift to ambulatory surgery has taken decades. The history and causation of the move are complex. Key enablers are recounted. The complex interchange of ideas, and physicians, between Belfast and Boston was important ...

    • Evolution of subtype C HIV-1 Env in a slowly progressing Zambian infant 

      Hoffmann, Federico; He, Jun; He, Xiang; Kankasa, Chipepo; West, John T; Orti, Guillermo; Wood, Charles; Zhang, Hong; Ruprecht, Ruth Margrit (BioMed Central, 2005)
      Background: Given the high prevalence of mother to child infection, the development of a better understanding of African subtype C HIV-1 transmission and natural evolution is of significant importance. In this study, we ...

    • The evolution of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance drug reimbursement scheme 

      Hsu, Jason C; Lu, Christine Y (BioMed Central, 2015)
      Background: The rapid growth of health care expenditures, especially pharmaceutical spending, is a challenge for many countries. To control increasing pharmaceutical expenditures and to enhance rational use of drugs, ...

    • The Evolution of the Physician Role in the Setting of Increased Non-physician Clinicians in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Insistence on Timing and Culturally-Sensitive, Purposefully Selected Skill Development: Comment on "Non-physician Clinicians in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Evolving Role of Physicians" 

      Binagwaho, Agnes; Sarriera, Gabriela; Eagan, Arielle (Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 2017)
      As Eyal et al put forth in their piece, Non-physician Clinicians in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Evolving Role of Physicians, task-shifting across sub-Saharan Africa through non-physician clinicians (NPCs) has led to an ...

    • An Evolutionarily Conserved Enhancer Regulates Bmp4 Expression in Developing Incisor and Limb Bud 

      Lachke, Salil A.; O’Connell, Daniel J.; Aboukhalil, Anton; Choe, Sung E.; Turbe-Doan, Annick; Robertson, Erin A.; Amendt, Brad A.; Jumlongras, Dolrudee; Li, Xiao; Ho, Joshua Wing Kei; Olsen, Bjorn Reino; Bulyk, Martha Leonia; Maas, Richard Louis (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      To elucidate the transcriptional regulation of Bmp4 expression during organogenesis, we used phylogenetic footprinting and transgenic reporter analyses to identify Bmp4 cis-regulatory modules (CRMs). These analyses identified ...

    • The Evolutionarily Conserved Mediator Subunit MDT-15/MED15 Links Protective Innate Immune Responses and Xenobiotic Detoxification 

      Pukkila-Worley, Read; Feinbaum, Rhonda L.; McEwan, Deborah L.; Conery, Annie L.; Ausubel, Frederick M. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Metazoans protect themselves from environmental toxins and virulent pathogens through detoxification and immune responses. We previously identified a small molecule xenobiotic toxin that extends survival of Caenorhabditis ...