Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Title

Now showing items 5941-5960 of 17922

    • Excitatory transmission onto AgRP neurons is regulated by cJun NH2-terminal kinase 3 in response to metabolic stress 

      Vernia, Santiago; Morel, Caroline; Madara, Joseph C; Cavanagh-Kyros, Julie; Barrett, Tamera; Chase, Kathryn; Kennedy, Norman J; Jung, Dae Young; Kim, Jason K; Aronin, Neil; Flavell, Richard A; Lowell, Bradford B; Davis, Roger J (eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2016)
      The cJun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway is implicated in the response to metabolic stress. Indeed, it is established that the ubiquitously expressed JNK1 and JNK2 isoforms regulate energy expenditure and insulin ...

    • Exclusion of Elderly People from Randomized Clinical Trials of Drugs for Ischemic Heart Disease 

      Bourgeois, Florence Tanya; Orenstein, Liat; Ballakur, Sarita; Mandl, Kenneth David; Ioannidis, John (Wiley-Blackwell, 2017)
      Objectives To measure exclusion of elderly adults from randomized trials studying drug interventions for ischemic heart disease (IHD) and describe the characteristics of these trials. Design Cross-sectional ...

    • Exclusion of Polymorphisms in Carnosinase Genes (CNDP1 and CNDP2) as a Cause of Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetes 

      Wanic, Krzysztof; Placha, Grzegorz; Dunn, Jonathon; Smiles, Adam; Warram, James H.; Krolewski, Andrzej Stefan (American Diabetes Association, 2008)
      Objectives: Recently, an association was found between diabetic nephropathy and the D18S880 microsatellite, located in the carnosinase gene (CNDP1) on chromosome 18q. Alleles of this microsatellite encode for a variable ...

    • Exclusive Breastfeeding and Developmental and Behavioral Status in Early Childhood 

      Jonsdottir, Olof H.; Thorsdottir, Inga; Gunnlaugsson, Geir; Fewtrell, Mary S.; Hibberd, Patricia L.; Kleinman, Ronald E. (MDPI, 2013)
      Breastfeeding during infancy may have beneficial effects on various developmental outcomes in childhood. In this study, exclusively breastfed infants were randomly assigned to receive complementary foods from the age of 4 ...

    • Executive Function and Falls in Older Adults: New Findings from a Five-Year Prospective Study Link Fall Risk to Cognition 

      Mirelman, Anat; Herman, Talia Nunes; Brozgol, Marina; Dorfman, Moran; Sprecher, Elliot; Schweiger, Avraham; Giladi, Nir; Hausdorff, Jeffrey M. (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Background: Recent findings suggest that executive function (EF) plays a critical role in the regulation of gait in older adults, especially under complex and challenging conditions, and that EF deficits may, therefore, ...

    • Executive Function, Visual Attention and the Cocktail Party Problem in Musicians and Non-Musicians 

      Clayton, Kameron K.; Swaminathan, Jayaganesh; Yazdanbakhsh, Arash; Zuk, Jennifer; Patel, Aniruddh D.; Kidd, Gerald (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      The goal of this study was to investigate how cognitive factors influence performance in a multi-talker, “cocktail-party” like environment in musicians and non-musicians. This was achieved by relating performance in a ...

    • Exercise Alleviates Lipid-Induced Insulin Resistance in Human Skeletal Muscle–Signaling Interaction at the Level of TBC1 Domain Family Member 4 

      Pehmøller, Christian; Brandt, Nina; Birk, Jesper B.; Høeg, Louise D.; Sjøberg, Kim A.; Goodyear, Laurie J.; Kiens, Bente; Richter, Erik A.; Wojtaszewski, Jørgen F.P. (American Diabetes Association, 2012)
      Excess lipid availability causes insulin resistance. We examined the effect of acute exercise on lipid-induced insulin resistance and TBC1 domain family member 1/4 (TBCD1/4)-related signaling in skeletal muscle. In eight ...

    • Exercise capacity as an independent risk factor for adverse cardiovascular outcomes among nondiabetic and diabetic patients 

      Pierre-Louis, Bredy; Guddati, Achuta K.; Khyzar Hayat Syed, Muhammed; Gorospe, Vanessa E.; Manguerra, Mark; Bagchi, Chaitali; Aronow, Wilbert S.; Ahn, Chul (Termedia Publishing House, 2014)
      Introduction: To investigate if decreased exercise capacity is an independent risk factor for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in diabetics and nondiabetics. Material and methods The association of decreased ...

    • Exercise Is Associated with a Reduced Incidence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing 

      Awad, Karim M.; Malhotra, Atul; Barnet, Jodi H.; Quan, Stuart; Peppard, Paul E. (Elsevier BV, 2012-05)
      Background The effect of exercise on sleep-disordered breathing is unknown. While diet and weight loss have been shown to reduce the severity of sleep-disordered breathing, it is unclear whether exercise has an independent ...

    • Exhaled Breath Condensate Eicosanoid Levels Associate With Asthma and Its Severity 

      Kazani, Shamsah; Planaguma, Anna; Ono, Emiko; Bonini, Matteo; Zahid, Muhammad; Marigowda, Gautham; Wechsler, Michael; Levy, Bruce; Israel, Elliot (Elsevier BV, 2013-09)
      Background The relationship between anti-inflammatory lipoxins and pro-inflammatory leukotrienes may be important in the pathobiology of asthma and its severity. Objective To investigate whether exhaled breath condensate ...

    • Exhaled Nitric Oxide as a Diagnostic Test for Asthma: Online Versus Offline Techniques and Effect of Flow Rate 

      Deykin, A; Massaro, AF; Drazen, JM; Israel, Elliot; Massaro, AF (American Thoracic Society, 2002-03-19)
      Measurement of the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) has been proposed as a noninvasive assessment of asthmatic airway inflammation. The influence of the expiratory flow rate during the collection maneuver on the ...

    • Exhausting treadmill running causes dephosphorylation of sMLC2 and reduced level of myofilament MLCK2 in slow twitch rat soleus muscle 

      Hortemo, Kristin Halvorsen; Aronsen, Jan Magnus; Lunde, Ida G; Sjaastad, Ivar; Lunde, Per Kristian; Sejersted, Ole M (BlackWell Publishing Ltd, 2015)
      Myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) is a small protein in the myosin complex, regulating muscle contractile function by modulating Ca2+ sensitivity of myofilaments. MLC2 can be modified by phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation, two ...

    • Exogenous IFN-γ Ex Vivo Shapes the Alloreactive T-Cell Repertoire by Inhibition of Th17 Responses and Generation of Functional Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells 

      Feng, Gang; Gao, Wenda; Strom, Terry Barton; Oukka, Mohamed; Francis, Ross S; Wood, Kathryn J; Bushell, Andrew (WILEY-VCH Verlag, 2008)
      Interferon (IFN)-γ was originally characterized as a pro-inflammatory cytokine with T helper type 1-inducing activity, but subsequent work has demonstrated that mice deficient in IFN-γ or IFN-γ receptor show exacerbated ...

    • Exome and whole genome sequencing of esophageal adenocarcinoma identifies recurrent driver events and mutational complexity 

      Dulak, Austin M.; Stojanov, Petar; Peng, Shouyong; Lawrence, Michael S.; Fox, Cameron; Stewart, Chip; Bandla, Santhoshi; Imamura, Yu; Schumacher, Steven E.; Shefler, Erica; McKenna, Aaron; Cibulskis, Kristian; Sivachenko, Andrey; Carter, Scott L.; Saksena, Gordon; Voet, Douglas; Ramos, Alex H.; Auclair, Daniel; Thompson, Kristin; Sougnez, Carrie; Onofrio, Robert C.; Guiducci, Candace; Beroukhim, Rameen; Zhou, David; Lin, Lin; Lin, Jules; Reddy, Rishindra; Chang, Andrew; Luketich, James D.; Pennathur, Arjun; Ogino, Shuji; Golub, Todd R.; Gabriel, Stacey B.; Lander, Eric S.; Beer, David G.; Godfrey, Tony E.; Getz, Gad; Bass, Adam J. (2013)
      The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has risen 600% over the last 30 years. With a five-year survival rate of 15%, identification of new therapeutic targets for EAC is greatly important. We analyze the mutation ...

    • An exome array study of the plasma metabolome 

      Rhee, Eugene P.; Yang, Qiong; Yu, Bing; Liu, Xuan; Cheng, Susan; Deik, Amy; Pierce, Kerry A.; Bullock, Kevin; Ho, Jennifer E.; Levy, Daniel; Florez, Jose C.; Kathiresan, Sek; Larson, Martin G.; Vasan, Ramachandran S.; Clish, Clary B.; Wang, Thomas J.; Boerwinkle, Eric; O'Donnell, Christopher J.; Gerszten, Robert E. (Nature Publishing Group, 2016)
      The study of rare variants may enhance our understanding of the genetic determinants of the metabolome. Here, we analyze the association between 217 plasma metabolites and exome variants on the Illumina HumanExome Beadchip ...

    • Exome arrays capture polygenic rare variant contributions to schizophrenia 

      Richards, A. L.; Leonenko, G.; Walters, J. T.; Kavanagh, D. H.; Rees, E. G.; Evans, A.; Chambert, K. D.; Moran, J. L.; Goldstein, J.; Neale, B. M.; McCarroll, S. A.; Pocklington, A. J.; Holmans, P. A.; Owen, M. J.; O'Donovan, M. C. (Oxford University Press, 2016)
      Schizophrenia is a highly heritable disorder. Genome-wide association studies based largely on common alleles have identified over 100 schizophrenia risk loci, but it is also evident from studies of copy number variants ...

    • Exome Sequencing and Complex Disease: Practical Aspects of Rare Variant Association Studies 

      Do, Ron; Kathiresan, Sekar; Abecasis, Gonçalo R. (Oxford University Press, 2012)
      Genetic association and linkage studies can provide insights into complex disease biology, guiding the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Over the past decade, genetic association studies have largely ...

    • Exome sequencing and in vitro studies identified podocalyxin as a candidate gene for focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis 

      Barua, Moumita; Shieh, Eric; Schlondorff, Johannes; Genovese, Giulio; Kaplan, Bernard S; Pollak, Martin R (2013)
      Our understanding of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) has advanced significantly from the studies of rare, monogenic forms of the disease. These studies have demonstrated the critical roles of multiple aspects ...

    • Exome sequencing of 20,791 cases of type 2 diabetes and 24,440 controls 

      Flannick, Jason; Mercader, Josep M.; Fuchsberger, Christian; Udler, Miriam S.; Mahajan, Anubha; Wessel, Jennifer; Teslovich, Tanya M.; Caulkins, Lizz; Koesterer, Ryan; Barajas-Olmos, Francisco; Blackwell, Thomas W.; Boerwinkle, Eric; Brody, Jennifer A.; Centeno-Cruz, Federico; Chen, Ling; Chen, Siying; Contreras-Cubas, Cecilia; Córdova, Emilio; Correa, Adolfo; Cortes, Maria; DeFronzo, Ralph A.; Dolan, Lawrence; Drews, Kimberly L.; Elliott, Amanda; Floyd, James S.; Gabriel, Stacey; Garay-Sevilla, Maria Eugenia; García-Ortiz, Humberto; Gross, Myron; Han, Sohee; Heard-Costa, Nancy L.; Jackson, Anne U.; Jørgensen, Marit E.; Kang, Hyun Min; Kelsey, Megan; Kim, Bong-Jo; Koistinen, Heikki A.; Kuusisto, Johanna; Leader, Joseph B.; Linneberg, Allan; Liu, Ching-Ti; Liu, Jianjun; Lyssenko, Valeriya; Manning, Alisa K.; Marcketta, Anthony; Malacara-Hernandez, Juan Manuel; Martínez-Hernández, Angélica; Matsuo, Karen; Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth; Mendoza-Caamal, Elvia; Mohlke, Karen L.; Morrison, Alanna C.; Ndungu, Anne; Ng, Maggie C. Y.; O’Dushlaine, Colm; Payne, Anthony J.; Pihoker, Catherine; Post, Wendy S.; Preuss, Michael; Psaty, Bruce M.; Vasan, Ramachandran S.; Rayner, N. William; Reiner, Alexander P.; Revilla-Monsalve, Cristina; Robertson, Neil R.; Santoro, Nicola; Schurmann, Claudia; So, Wing Yee; Soberón, Xavier; Stringham, Heather M.; Strom, Tim M.; Tam, Claudia H. T.; Thameem, Farook; Tomlinson, Brian; Torres, Jason M.; Tracy, Russell P.; van Dam, Rob M.; Vujkovic, Marijana; Wang, Shuai; Welch, Ryan P.; Witte, Daniel R.; Wong, Tien-Yin; Atzmon, Gil; Barzilai, Nir; Blangero, John; Bonnycastle, Lori L.; Bowden, Donald W.; Chambers, John C.; Chan, Edmund; Cheng, Ching-Yu; Cho, Yoon Shin; Collins, Francis S.; de Vries, Paul S.; Duggirala, Ravindranath; Glaser, Benjamin; Gonzalez, Clicerio; Gonzalez, Ma Elena; Groop, Leif; Kooner, Jaspal Singh; Kwak, Soo Heon; Laakso, Markku; Lehman, Donna M.; Nilsson, Peter; Spector, Timothy D.; Tai, E. Shyong; Tuomi, Tiinamaija; Tuomilehto, Jaakko; Wilson, James G.; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.; Bottinger, Erwin; Burke, Brian; Carey, David J.; Chan, Juliana C. N.; Dupuis, Josée; Frossard, Philippe; Heckbert, Susan R.; Hwang, Mi Yeong; Kim, Young Jin; Kirchner, H. Lester; Lee, Jong-Young; Lee, Juyoung; Loos, Ruth J. F.; Ma, Ronald C. W.; Morris, Andrew D.; O’Donnell, Christopher J.; Palmer, Colin N. A.; Pankow, James; Park, Kyong Soo; Rasheed, Asif; Saleheen, Danish; Sim, Xueling; Small, Kerrin S.; Teo, Yik Ying; Haiman, Christopher; Hanis, Craig L.; Henderson, Brian E.; Orozco, Lorena; Tusié-Luna, Teresa; Dewey, Frederick E.; Baras, Aris; Gieger, Christian; Meitinger, Thomas; Strauch, Konstantin; Lange, Leslie; Grarup, Niels; Hansen, Torben; Pedersen, Oluf; Zeitler, Philip; Dabelea, Dana; Abecasis, Goncalo; Bell, Graeme I.; Cox, Nancy J.; Seielstad, Mark; Sladek, Rob; Meigs, James B.; Rich, Steve S.; Rotter, Jerome I.; Altshuler, David; Burtt, Noël P.; Scott, Laura J.; Morris, Andrew P.; Florez, Jose C.; McCarthy, Mark I.; Boehnke, Michael (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2019-05-22)
      By identifying molecular alterations causally associated with human traits, studies of naturally occurring genetic variation can yield crucial clues about disease pathogenesis. Protein-coding variants that strongly affect ...

    • Exome sequencing of lymphomas from three dog breeds reveals somatic mutation patterns reflecting genetic background 

      Elvers, Ingegerd; Turner-Maier, Jason; Swofford, Ross; Koltookian, Michele; Johnson, Jeremy; Stewart, Chip; Zhang, Cheng-Zhong; Schumacher, Steven; Beroukhim, Rameen; Rosenberg, Mara; Thomas, Rachael; Mauceli, Evan; Getz, Gad; Di Palma, Federica; Modiano, Jaime; Breen, Matthew; Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin; Alföldi, Jessica (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2015)
      Lymphoma is the most common hematological malignancy in developed countries. Outcome is strongly determined by molecular subtype, reflecting a need for new and improved treatment options. Dogs spontaneously develop lymphoma, ...