Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 694-713 of 17922
-
Amino Acid-Induced Translation of TOP mRNAs Is Fully Dependent on Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-Mediated Signaling, Is Partially Inhibited by Rapamycin, and Is Independent of S6K1 and rpS6 Phosphorylation
(American Society for Microbiology, 2001)Vertebrate TOP mRNAs contain an oligopyrimidine tract at their 5' termini (5'TOP) and encode components of the translational machinery. Previously it has been shown that they are subject to selective translational repression ... -
Amino Acids Activate Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Complex 1 without Changing Rag GTPase Guanyl Nucleotide Charging
(American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2014)Background: Signaling by mTOR complex 1 requires its amino acid-stimulated binding to Rag GTPase heterodimers. Results: mTOR complex 1-Rag binding in vitro is independent of Rag guanyl nucleotide charging, and withdrawal ... -
Amino acid–insensitive mTORC1 regulation enables nutritional stress resilience in hematopoietic stem cells
(American Society for Clinical Investigation, 2017)The mTOR pathway is a critical determinant of cell persistence and growth wherein mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) mediates a balance between growth factor stimuli and nutrient availability. Amino acids or glucose facilitates mTORC1 ... -
Amino-Acid Co-Variation in HIV-1 Gag Subtype C: HLA-Mediated Selection Pressure and Compensatory Dynamics
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Background: Despite high potential for HIV-1 genetic variation, the emergence of some mutations is constrained by fitness costs, and may be associated with compensatory amino acid (AA) co-variation. To characterize the ... -
The Amino-Acid Mutational Spectrum of Human Genetic Disease
(BioMed Central, 2003)Background: Nonsynonymous mutations in the coding regions of human genes are responsible for phenotypic differences between humans and for susceptibility to genetic disease. Computational methods were recently used to ... -
Aminoglycoside Cross-Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Due to Mutations in the 5′ Untranslated Region of whiB7
(American Society for Microbiology, 2013)Since the discovery of streptomycin's bactericidal activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, aminoglycosides have been utilized to treat tuberculosis (TB). Today, the aminoglycosides kanamycin and amikacin are used to ... -
Aminoglycosides Decrease Glutathione Peroxidase-1 Activity by Interfering with Selenocysteine Incorporation
(American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2006)Cellular glutathione peroxidase is a key intracellular antioxidant enzyme that contains a selenocysteine residue at its active site. Selenium, a selenocysteine incorporation sequence in the 3'-untranslated region of the ... -
Aminoimidazole Carboxamide Ribonucleotide (AICAR) Inhibits the Growth of Retinoblastoma In Vivo by Decreasing Angiogenesis and Inducing Apoptosis
(Public Library of Science, 2013)5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-4-ribofuranoside (AICAR), an analog of AMP is widely used as an activator of AMP-kinase (AMPK), a protein that regulates the responses of the cell to energy change. Recently, we showed ... -
Amnion Epithelial Cell-Derived Exosomes Restrict Lung Injury and Enhance Endogenous Lung Repair
(Wiley, 2018-02)Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by chronic inflammation, severe scarring, and stem cell senescence. Stem cell‐based therapies modulate inflammatory and fibrogenic pathways by release of soluble factors. ... -
Amnion-Derived Multipotent Progenitor Cells Improve Achilles Tendon Repair in Rats
(Open Science Company, LLC, 2013)Objective: Tendon injuries produce considerable morbidity, long-lasting disability, and remain a considerable challenge for clinicians and patients. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of amnion-derived ... -
Amniotic fluid exerts a neurotrophic influence on fetal neurodevelopment via the ERK/GSK-3 pathway
(BioMed Central, 2015)Background: The fetus is surrounded by the amniotic fluid (AF) contained by the amniotic sac of the pregnant female. The AF is directly conveyed to the fetus during pregnancy. Although AF has recently been reported as an ... -
AMP-activated Protein Kinase Suppresses Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts
(American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (ASBMB), 2011)Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) plays a critical role in tissue remodeling under both physiological and pathological conditions. Although MMP-9 expression is low in most cells and is tightly controlled, the mechanism ... -
AMP-activated protein kinase-α1 as an activating kinase of TGF-β-activated kinase 1 has a key role in inflammatory signals
(Nature Publishing Group, 2012)Although previous studies have proposed plausible mechanisms of the activation of transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) in inflammatory signals, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), its activating kinase ... -
AMP-dependent Kinase Inhibits Oxidative Stress-induced Caveolin-1 Phosphorylation and Endocytosis by Suppressing the Dissociation between c-Abl and Prdx1 Proteins in Endothelial Cells
(American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology (ASBMB), 2013)Caveolin-1 is the primary structural component of endothelial caveolae that is essential for transcellular trafficking of albumin and is also a critical scaffolding protein that regulates the activity of signaling molecules ... -
An Amphiphilic Peptide Induces Apoptosis Through the miR29b-p53 Pathway in Cancer Cells
(Nature Publishing Group, 2016)Peptides have been in the limelight, as therapeutic agents for cancer treatment through various applications due to their high target selectivity and exceptional ability to penetrate the cell membrane. Recent studies have ... -
Amphiregulin-EGFR Signaling Mediates the Migration of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Progenitors toward PTH-Stimulated Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) dramatically increases bone mass and currently is one of the most effective treatments for osteoporosis. However, the detailed mechanisms are still largely unknown. ... -
Amphotericin B Increases Influenza A Virus Infection by Preventing IFITM3-Mediated Restriction
(Elsevier BV, 2013-11)The IFITMs inhibit influenza A virus (IAV) replication in vitro and in vivo. Here, we establish that the antimycotic heptaen, amphotericin B (AmphoB), prevents IFITM3-mediated restriction of IAV, thereby increasing viral ... -
Amplification and overexpression of Aurora-A in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
(Spandidos Publications, 2007)Aurora-A/BTAK/STK15 gene which encodes a centrosome-associated kinase is located on chromosome 20q13.2, a highly amplified region in various human tumors. Recent studies have demonstrated the overexpression and amplification ... -
Amplification of Chromosomal Segment 4q12 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
(Informa UK Limited, 2009-11-01)In cancer, proto-oncogenes are often altered by genomic amplification. Here we report recurrent focal amplifications of chromosomal segment 4q12 overlapping the proto-oncogenes PDGFRA and KIT in non-small cell lung cancer ...