Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 7919-7938 of 17922
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A Hybrid Photoreceptor Expressing Both Rod and Cone Genes in a Mouse Model of Enhanced S-Cone Syndrome
(Public Library of Science, 2005)Rod and cone photoreceptors subserve vision under dim and bright light conditions, respectively. The differences in their function are thought to stem from their different gene expression patterns, morphologies, and synaptic ... -
Hydrocarbon-Stapled Peptides: Principles, Practice, and Progress: Miniperspective
(American Chemical Society, 2014)Protein structure underlies essential biological processes and provides a blueprint for molecular mimicry that drives drug discovery. Although small molecules represent the lion’s share of agents that target proteins for ... -
Hydrodynamic advantages of in-line schooling
(IOP Publishing, 2021-05-11)Fish benefit energetically when swimming in groups, which is reflected in lower tail-beat frequencies for maintaining a given speed. Recent studies further show that fish save the most energy when swimming behind their ... -
Hydrogel-Based Biocontainment of Bacteria for Continuous Sensing and Computation
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021-04-05)Genetically modified microorganisms (GMMs) can enable a wide range of important applications, including environmental sensing, precision therapeutics, and responsive materials. However, containment of GMMs to prevent ... -
Hydrogels with tunable stress relaxation regulate stem cell fate and activity
(2015)Natural extracellular matrices (ECMs) are viscoelastic and exhibit stress relaxation. However, hydrogels used as synthetic ECMs for three-dimensional (3D) culture are typically elastic. Here, we report a materials approach ... -
Hydrogen peroxide-activatable antioxidant prodrug as a targeted therapeutic agent for ischemia-reperfusion injury
(Nature Publishing Group, 2015)Overproduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) causes oxidative stress and is the main culprit in the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Suppression of oxidative stress is therefore critical in the treatment ... -
Hydrogen Peroxide‐Responsive Nanoparticle Reduces Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2016)Background: During myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), a large amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is produced. In particular, overproduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is considered to be a main cause of I/R‐mediated ... -
Hydrolysis of 2′3′-cGAMP by ENPP1 and design of non-hydrolyzable analogs
(2014)Agonists of mouse STING (TMEM173) shrink and even cure solid tumor by activating innate immunity; human STING agonists are needed to test this therapeutic hypothesis in man. The endogenous STING agonist is 2′3′-cGAMP, a ... -
Hydroxychloroquine improves insulin sensitivity in obese non-diabetic individuals
(BioMed Central, 2012)Introduction: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a common disease modifying therapy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Prior research suggests that HCQ may reduce the risk of diabetes mellitus in patients with RA. ... -
Hyperactivation of Sympathetic Nerves Drives Depletion of Melanocyte Stem Cells
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-01-22)Empirical and anecdotal evidence have associated stress with accelerated hair greying (formation of unpigmented hairs)1,2, but the scientific evidence linking the two is scant. Here, we report that acute stress leads to ... -
Hyperactivity and hyperconnectivity of the default network in schizophrenia and in first-degree relatives of persons with schizophrenia
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2009)We examined the status of the neural network mediating the default mode of brain function, which typically exhibits greater activation during rest than during task, in patients in the early phase of schizophrenia and in ... -
Hyperactivity persists in male and female adults with ADHD and remains a highly discriminative feature of the disorder: a case-control study
(BioMed Central, 2012)Background: Symptoms of hyperactivity are believed to fade with age leaving ADHD adults mostly inattentive and impulsive. Our aim was to test this assertion using objective measures of hyperactivity, impulsivity and ... -
Hypercalcemia Associated with a Malignant Brenner Tumor Arising from a Mature Cystic Teratoma
(S. Karger AG, 2012)A 60-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain and weight loss and was found to have serum calcium of 15.0 mg/dl. Serum parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) returned elevated. Imaging suggested bilateral mature ... -
Hypercalcemia Associated with Isolated Bone Marrow Sarcoidosis in a Patient with Underlying Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: Case Report and Review of Literature
(BioMed Central, 2016)Bone marrow sarcoidosis is extremely rare. The association between sarcoidosis and lymphoproliferative disorders has been previously speculated, although the diagnosis of sarcoidosis often precedes any hematological ... -
Hypercytotoxicity and Rapid Loss of NKp44+ Innate Lymphoid Cells during Acute SIV Infection
(Public Library of Science, 2014)HIV/SIV infections break down the integrity of the gastrointestinal mucosa and lead to chronic immune activation and associated disease progression. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), distinguishable by high expression of NKp44 ... -
Hyperdynamic left ventricular ejection fraction in the intensive care unit
(BioMed Central, 2015)Introduction: Limited information exists on the etiology, prevalence, and significance of hyperdynamic left ventricular ejection fraction (HDLVEF) in the intensive care unit (ICU). Our aim in the present study was to compare ... -
Hyperexpansion of RNA Bacteriophage Diversity
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Bacteriophage modulation of microbial populations impacts critical processes in ocean, soil, and animal ecosystems. However, the role of bacteriophages with RNA genomes (RNA bacteriophages) in these processes is poorly ... -
Hypergammaglobulinemia in the pediatric population as a marker for underlying autoimmune disease: a retrospective cohort study
(BioMed Central, 2013)Background: The significance of hypergammaglobulinemia as a marker of immune activation is unknown, as a differential diagnosis for hypergammaglobulinemia in children has not been adequately established. The goal of this ... -
Hyperinfectivity of Human-Passaged Vibrio cholerae Can Be Modeled by Growth in the Infant Mouse
(American Society for Microbiology, 2005)It has previously been shown that passage of Vibrio cholerae through the human intestine imparts a transient hyperinfectious phenotype that may contribute to the epidemic spread of cholera. The mechanism underlying this ... -
Hyperintense Cortical Signal on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Reflects Focal Leukocortical Encephalitis and Seizure Risk in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
(Wiley, 2014-05)Objective To determine the frequency of hyperintense cortical signal (HCS) on T1-weighted pre-contrast MRI in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) patients, its association with seizure risk and immune ...