Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Keyword "Cell Physiology"
Now showing items 1-20 of 21
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3D Multi-isotope Imaging Mass Spectrometry Reveals Penetration of \(^{18}O\)-Trehalose in Mouse Sperm Nucleus
(Public Library of Science, 2012)The prevalence of genetically engineered mice in medical research has led to ever increasing storage costs. Trehalose has a significant beneficial effect in preserving the developmental potential of mouse sperm following ... -
Activation of ERK1/2 by Store-Operated Calcium Entry in Rat Parotid Acinar Cells
(Public Library of Science, 2013)The regulation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) plays a critical role in a variety of cellular processes, including transcription, protein activation, vesicle trafficking, and ion movement across epithelial ... -
Air-Stimulated ATP Release from Keratinocytes Occurs through Connexin Hemichannels
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Cutaneous ATP release plays an important role in both epidermal stratification and chronic pain, but little is known about ATP release mechanisms in keratinocytes that comprise the epidermis. In this study, we analyzed ATP ... -
Anion-Sensitive Fluorophore Identifies the Drosophila Swell-Activated Chloride Channel in a Genome-Wide RNA Interference Screen
(Public Library of Science, 2012)When cells swell in hypo-osmotic solutions, chloride-selective ion channels (\(Cl_{swell}\)) activate to reduce intracellular osmolality and prevent catastrophic cell rupture. Despite intensive efforts to assign a molecular ... -
Astrocyte-Specific Disruption of SynCAM1 Signaling Results in ADHD-Like Behavioral Manifestations
(Public Library of Science, 2012)SynCAM1 is an adhesion molecule involved in synaptic differentiation and organization. SynCAM1 is also expressed in astroglial cells where it mediates astrocyte-to astrocyte and glial-neuronal adhesive communication. In ... -
Cellular Expression Profile for Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Bladder - A Cell Often Misidentified as Myocyte or Myofibroblast
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Background: Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) have been identified in urinary bladder of several species, but their presence in mice remains uncertain. Meanwhile, dozens of reports indicate that dysregulation of connexin ... -
Characterization of an Acute Muscle Contraction Model Using Cultured C2C12 Myotubes
(Public Library of Science, 2012)A cultured C2C12 myotube contraction system was examined for application as a model for acute contraction-induced phenotypes of skeletal muscle. C2C12 myotubes seeded into 4-well rectangular plates were placed in a contraction ... -
Commensal Bacteria-Induced Inflammasome Activation in Mouse and Human Macrophages Is Dependent on Potassium Efflux but Does Not Require Phagocytosis or Bacterial Viability
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Gut commensal bacteria contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease, in part by activating the inflammasome and inducing secretion of interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß). Although much has been learned about inflammasome ... -
Expression of Cell-Surface Marker ABCB5 Causes Characteristic Modifications of Glucose, Amino Acid and Phospholipid Metabolism in the G3361 Melanoma-Initiating Cell Line
(Public Library of Science, 2016)We present a pilot study aimed at determining the effects of expression of ATP-binding cassette member B5 (ABCB5), a previously described marker for melanoma-initiating cells, on cellular metabolism. Metabolic profiles for ... -
Heterozygosity for Fibrinogen Results in Efficient Resolution of Kidney Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Fibrinogen (Fg) has been recognized to play a central role in coagulation, inflammation and tissue regeneration. Several studies have used Fg deficient mice (Fg−/−) in comparison with heterozygous mice (Fg+/−) to point the ... -
Identifying Metabolic Subpopulations from Population Level Mass Spectrometry
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Metabolism underlies many important cellular decisions, such as the decisions to proliferate and differentiate, and defects in metabolic signaling can lead to disease and aging. In addition, metabolic heterogeneity can ... -
Loss of the V-ATPase B1 Subunit Isoform Expressed in Non-Neuronal Cells of the Mouse Olfactory Epithelium Impairs Olfactory Function
(Public Library of Science, 2012)The vacuolar proton-pumping ATPase (V-ATPase) is the main mediator of intracellular organelle acidification and also regulates transmembrane proton (H+) secretion, which is necessary for an array of physiological functions ... -
Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Small T Antigen Promotes Pro-Glycolytic Metabolic Perturbations Required for Transformation
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is an etiological agent of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a highly aggressive skin cancer. The MCPyV small tumor antigen (ST) is required for maintenance of MCC and can transform normal cells. ... -
MICU2, a Paralog of MICU1, Resides within the Mitochondrial Uniporter Complex to Regulate Calcium Handling
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Mitochondrial calcium uptake is present in nearly all vertebrate tissues and is believed to be critical in shaping calcium signaling, regulating ATP synthesis and controlling cell death. Calcium uptake occurs through a ... -
Osteopontin Fragments with Intact Thrombin-Sensitive Site Circulate in Cervical Cancer Patients
(Public Library of Science, 2016)We investigated whether circulating osteopontin (OPN) could be used as a biomarker for cervical cancer. We employed a monoclonal antibody (mAb 659) specific for the unique and intact thrombin-sensitive site in OPN using ... -
Pax6- and Six3-Mediated Induction of Lens Cell Fate in Mouse and Human ES Cells
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Embryonic stem (ES) cells provide a potentially useful in vitro model for the study of in vivo tissue differentiation. We used mouse and human ES cells to investigate whether the lens regulatory genes Pax6 and Six3 could ... -
Rabies Internalizes into Primary Peripheral Neurons via Clathrin Coated Pits and Requires Fusion at the Cell Body
(Public Library of Science, 2016)The single glycoprotein (G) of rabies virus (RABV) dictates all viral entry steps from receptor engagement to membrane fusion. To study the uptake of RABV into primary neuronal cells in culture, we generated a recombinant ... -
Structural Interaction and Functional Regulation of Polycystin-2 by Filamin
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Filamins are important actin cross-linking proteins implicated in scaffolding, membrane stabilization and signal transduction, through interaction with ion channels, receptors and signaling proteins. Here we report the ... -
Telomerase Immortalization of Human Corneal Endothelial Cells Yields Functional Hexagonal Monolayers
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Human corneal endothelial cells (HCEnCs) form a monolayer of hexagonal cells whose main function is to maintain corneal clarity by regulating corneal hydration. HCEnCs are derived from neural crest and are arrested in the ... -
Three Recombinant Engineered Antibodies against Recombinant Tags with High Affinity and Specificity
(Public Library of Science, 2016)We describe three recombinant engineered antibodies against three recombinant epitope tags, constructed with divalent binding arms to recognize divalent epitopes and so achieve high affinity and specificity. In two versions, ...