Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Keyword "Cognitive Neuroscience"

Now showing items 1-20 of 64

    • 3 T MRI relaxometry detects T2 prolongation in the cerebral normal-appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis 

      Neema, Mohit; Goldberg-Zimring, Daniel; Guss, Zachary D.; Healy, Brian; Guttmann, Charles; Houtchens, Maria; Weiner, Howard; Horsfield, Mark A.; Hackney, David; Alsop, David; Bakshi, Rohit (Elsevier BV, 2009-07-01)
      MRI at 3 T has increased sensitivity in detecting overt multiple sclerosis (MS) brain lesions; a growing body of data suggests clinically relevant damage occurs in the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). We tested a novel ...

    • 4-Phenylbutyrate Attenuates the ER Stress Response and Cyclic AMP Accumulation in DYT1 Dystonia Cell Models 

      Cho, Jin A.; Zhang, Xuan; Miller, Gregory M.; Lencer, Wayne I.; Nery, Flavia C. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Dystonia is a neurological disorder in which sustained muscle contractions induce twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal posturing. DYT1 early-onset primary dystonia is the most common form of hereditary dystonia ...

    • Air-Stimulated ATP Release from Keratinocytes Occurs through Connexin Hemichannels 

      Barr, Travis P; Albrecht, Phillip J.; Hou, Quanzhi; Mongin, Alexander A.; Strichartz, Gary Richard; Rice, Frank L. (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Cutaneous ATP release plays an important role in both epidermal stratification and chronic pain, but little is known about ATP release mechanisms in keratinocytes that comprise the epidermis. In this study, we analyzed ATP ...

    • Alcohol Affects the Brain's Resting-State Network in Social Drinkers 

      Lithari, Chrysa; Klados, Manousos A.; Pappas, Costas; Albani, Maria; Kapoukranidou, Dorothea; Kovatsi, Leda; Bamidis, Panagiotis D.; Papadelis, Christos (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Acute alcohol intake is known to enhance inhibition through facilitation of GABAA receptors, which are present in 40% of the synapses all over the brain. Evidence suggests that enhanced GABAergic transmission leads to ...

    • Altered Small-World Brain Networks in Schizophrenia Patients during Working Memory Performance 

      He, Hao; Sui, Jing; Yu, Qingbao; Turner, Jessica A.; Ho, Beng-Choon; Sponheim, Scott R.; Manoach, Dara S.; Clark, Vincent P.; Calhoun, Vince D. (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Impairment of working memory (WM) performance in schizophrenia patients (SZ) is well-established. Compared to healthy controls (HC), SZ patients show aberrant blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) activations and disrupted ...

    • Ancient Haplotypes at the 15q24.2 Microdeletion Region Are Linked to Brain Expression of MAN2C1 and Children's Intelligence 

      Cáceres, Alejandro; Esko, Tõnu; Pappa, Irene; Gutiérrez, Armand; Lopez-Espinosa, Maria-Jose; Llop, Sabrina; Bustamante, Mariona; Tiemeier, Henning; Metspalu, Andres; Joshi, Peter K.; Wilsonx, James F.; Reina-Castillón, Judith; Shin, Jean; Pausova, Zdenka; Paus, Tomáš; Sunyer, Jordi; Pérez-Jurado, Luis A.; González, Juan R. (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      The chromosome bands 15q24.1-15q24.3 contain a complex region with numerous segmental duplications that predispose to regional microduplications and microdeletions, both of which have been linked to intellectual disability, ...

    • Anticipation of Monetary Reward Can Attenuate the Vigilance Decrement 

      Esterman, Michael; Grosso, Mallory; Liu, Guanyu; Mitko, Alex; Morris, Rachael; DeGutis, Joseph (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Motivation and reward can have differential effects on separate aspects of sustained attention. We previously demonstrated that continuous reward/punishment throughout a sustained attention task improves overall performance, ...

    • APOE Status Modulates the Changes in Network Connectivity Induced by Brain Stimulation in Non-Demented Elders 

      Peña-Gomez, Cleofé; Solé-Padullés, Cristina; Clemente, Imma C.; Junqué, Carme; Bargalló, Núria; Bosch, Beatriz; Molinuevo, José Luis; Valls-Solé, Josep; Pascual-Leone, Alvaro; Bartrés-Faz, David (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Behavioral consequences of a brain insult represent an interaction between the injury and the capacity of the rest of the brain to adapt to it. We provide experimental support for the notion that genetic factors play a ...

    • An Approach to Localizing Corneal Pain Representation in Human Primary Somatosensory Cortex 

      Moulton, Eric Alan; Becerra, Lino Renan; Rosenthal, Perry; Borsook, David (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      The cornea has been a focus of animal electrophysiological research for decades, but little is known regarding its cortical representation in the human brain. This study attempts to localize the somatotopic representation ...

    • Arousal vs. Relaxation: A Comparison of the Neurophysiological and Cognitive Correlates of Vajrayana and Theravada Meditative Practices 

      Amihai, Ido; Kozhevnikov, Maria (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Based on evidence of parasympathetic activation, early studies defined meditation as a relaxation response. Later research attempted to categorize meditation as either involving focused or distributed attentional systems. ...

    • Assessment of functional development in normal infant brain using arterial spin labeled perfusion MRI 

      Wang, Ze; Fernández-Seara, María; Alsop, David; Liu, Wen-Ching; Flax, Judy F.; Benasich, April A.; Detre, John A. (Elsevier BV, 2008-02)
      Arterial spin labeled (ASL) perfusion MRI provides a noninvasive approach for longitudinal imaging of regional brain function in infants. In the present study, continuous ASL (CASL) perfusion MRI was carried out in normally ...

    • Astrocyte-Specific Disruption of SynCAM1 Signaling Results in ADHD-Like Behavioral Manifestations 

      Sandau, Ursula S.; Alderman, Zefora; Corfas, Gabriel; Ojeda, Sergio R.; Raber, Jacob (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      SynCAM1 is an adhesion molecule involved in synaptic differentiation and organization. SynCAM1 is also expressed in astroglial cells where it mediates astrocyte-to astrocyte and glial-neuronal adhesive communication. In ...

    • Auditory Conflict Resolution Correlates with Medial–Lateral Frontal Theta/Alpha Phase Synchrony 

      Huang, Samantha; Rossi, Stephanie; Hämäläinen, Matti; Ahveninen, Jyrki (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      When multiple persons speak simultaneously, it may be difficult for the listener to direct attention to correct sound objects among conflicting ones. This could occur, for example, in an emergency situation in which one ...

    • Automatic clustering and population analysis of white matter tracts using maximum density paths 

      Prasad, Gautam; Joshi, Shantanu H.; Jahanshad, Neda; Villalon-Reina, Julio; Aganj, Iman; Lenglet, Christophe; Sapiro, Guillermo; McMahon, Katie L.; de Zubicaray, Greig I.; Martin, Nicholas G.; Wright, Margaret J.; Toga, Arthur W.; Thompson, Paul M. (Elsevier BV, 2014-08)
      We introduce a framework for population analysis of white matter tracts based on diffusion-weighted images of the brain. The framework enables extraction of fibers from high angular resolution diffusion images (HARDI); ...

    • Behavioral and Neural Correlates of Executive Functioning in Musicians and Non-Musicians 

      Zuk, Jennifer; Benjamin, Christopher; Kenyon, Arnold; Gaab, Nadine (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Executive functions (EF) are cognitive capacities that allow for planned, controlled behavior and strongly correlate with academic abilities. Several extracurricular activities have been shown to improve EF, however, the ...

    • Body Mass Index and Decline of Cognitive Function 

      Kim, Sujin; Kim, Yongjoo; Park, Sang Min (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Background: The association between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function is a public health issue. This study investigated the relationship between obesity and cognitive impairment which was assessed by the Korean ...

    • Brain Networks of Novelty-Driven Involuntary and Cued Voluntary Auditory Attention Shifting 

      Huang, Samantha; Belliveau, John William; Tengshe, Chinmayi; Ahveninen, Jyrki Pekka (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      In everyday life, we need a capacity to flexibly shift attention between alternative sound sources. However, relatively little work has been done to elucidate the mechanisms of attention shifting in the auditory domain. ...

    • Characteristics and Predictive Value of Blood Transcriptome Signature in Males with Autism Spectrum Disorders 

      Kong, Sek Won; Collins, Christin D.; Shimizu-Motohashi, Yuko; Holm, Ingrid A.; Campbell, Malcolm G.; Lee, In-Hee; Brewster, Stephanie J.; Hanson, Ellen M.; Harris, Heather; Lowe, Kathryn R.; Saada, Adrianna; Mora, Andrea; Madison, Kimberly; Hundley, Rachel; Egan, Jessica; McCarthy, Jillian; Eran, Ally; Galdzicki, Michal; Rappaport, Leonard; Kunkel, Louis M.; Kohane, Isaac S. (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is a spectrum of highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorders in which known mutations contribute to disease risk in 20% of cases. Here, we report the results of the largest blood transcriptome ...

    • Clinical Characteristics of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Co-Occurring Epilepsy 

      Viscidi, Emma W.; Triche, Elizabeth W.; Pescosolido, Matthew F.; McLean, Rebecca L.; Joseph, Robert M.; Spence, Sarah J.; Morrow, Eric M. (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of epilepsy in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of children with ASD and epilepsy in a large patient population. ...

    • Cognitive profile and brain morphological changes in obstructive sleep apnea 

      Torelli, Federico; Moscufo, Nicola; Garreffa, Girolamo; Placidi, Fabio; Romigi, Andrea; Zannino, Silvana; Bozzali, Marco; Fasano, Fabrizio; Giulietti, Giovanni; Djonlagic, Ina; Malhotra, Atul; Marciani, Maria Grazia; Guttmann, Charles (Elsevier BV, 2011-01)