Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Keyword "Critical Care and Emergency Medicine"
Now showing items 1-20 of 31
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Adenosine A1 Receptors Promote Vasa Vasorum Endothelial Cell Barrier Integrity via G\(_{i}\) and Akt-Dependent Actin Cytoskeleton Remodeling
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: In a neonatal model of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, a dramatic pulmonary artery adventitial thickening, accumulation of inflammatory cells in the adventitial compartment, and angiogenic expansion of the vasa ... -
AKAP12 Mediates Barrier Functions of Fibrotic Scars during CNS Repair
(Public Library of Science, 2014)The repair process after CNS injury shows a well-organized cascade of three distinct stages: inflammation, new tissue formation, and remodeling. In the new tissue formation stage, various cells migrate and form the fibrotic ... -
Association between S100B Levels and Long-Term Outcome after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis
(Public Library of Science, 2016)S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), a well-studied marker for neurologic injury, has been suggested as a candidate for predicting outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage. We performed a pooled analysis summarizing the ... -
Atropine for Critical Care Intubation in a Cohort of 264 Children and Reduced Mortality Unrelated to Effects on Bradycardia
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: Atropine has is currently recommended to facilitate haemodynamic stability during critical care intubation. Our objective was to determine whether atropine use at induction influences ICU mortality. ... -
CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein \(\gamma\) Is a Critical Regulator of IL-1\(\beta\)-Induced IL-6 Production in Alveolar Epithelial Cells
(Public Library of Science, 2012)CCAAT/enhancer binding protein \(\gamma\) (C/EBPγ) is a member of the C/EBP family of transcription factors, which lacks known activation domains. C/EBP\(\gamma\) was originally described as an inhibitor of C/EBP transactivation ... -
Circulating Mitochondrial DNA in Patients in the ICU as a Marker of Mortality: Derivation and Validation
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a critical activator of inflammation and the innate immune system. However, mtDNA level has not been tested for its role as a biomarker in the intensive care unit (ICU). We hypothesized ... -
A Comprehensive Analysis of In Vitro and In Vivo Genetic Fitness of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Using High-Throughput Sequencing of Transposon Libraries
(Public Library of Science, 2013)High-throughput sequencing of transposon (Tn) libraries created within entire genomes identifies and quantifies the contribution of individual genes and operons to the fitness of organisms in different environments. We ... -
Comprehensive Evaluation of Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in the Acute Healing Phase Using Tissue Clearing and Optical Microscopy in a Rodent Model
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Peripheral nerve injury (PNI), a common injury in both the civilian and military arenas, is usually associated with high healthcare costs and with patients enduring slow recovery times, diminished quality of life, and ... -
Developmental Decrease of Neuronal Chloride Concentration Is Independent of Trauma in Thalamocortical Brain Slices
(Public Library of Science, 2016)The intraneuronal chloride concentration ([Cl-]i) is paramount for determining the polarity of signaling at GABAA synapses in the central nervous system. Sectioning hippocampal brain slices increases [Cl-]i in the superficial ... -
The Effect of Hospital Volume on Mortality in Patients Admitted with Severe Sepsis
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Importance The association between hospital volume and inpatient mortality for severe sepsis is unclear. Objective: To assess the effect of severe sepsis case volume and inpatient mortality. Design Setting and Participants ... -
Evidence of Uncoupling between Renal Dysfunction and Injury in Cardiorenal Syndrome: Insights from the BIONICS Study
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Objective: The objective of the study was to assess urinary biomarkers of renal injury for their individual or collective ability to predict Worsening renal function (WRF) in patients with acutely decompensated heart failure ... -
Homocysteine and Carotid Plaque Stability: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chinese Adults
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Background and Purpose This study aimed to explore the possible association of plasma total homocysteine with carotid plaque stability. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2010 to 2011. A stratified random ... -
Interleukin-6 Secretion by Astrocytes Is Dynamically Regulated by PI3K-mTOR-Calcium Signaling
(Public Library of Science, 2014)After contusion spinal cord injury (SCI), astrocytes become reactive and form a glial scar. While this reduces spreading of the damage by containing the area of injury, it inhibits regeneration. One strategy to improve the ... -
Intracoronary Delivery of Mitochondria to the Ischemic Heart for Cardioprotection
(Public Library of Science, 2016)We have previously shown that transplantation of autologously derived, respiration-competent mitochondria by direct injection into the heart following transient ischemia and reperfusion enhances cell viability and contractile ... -
Intraoperative Evaluation of Transmitral Pressure Gradients after Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Objective: Edge-to-edge repair of the mitral valve (MV) has been described as a viable option used for the surgical management of mitral regurgitation (MR). Based on the significant changes in MV geometry associated with ... -
Manual Wheelchair Skills Training for Community-Dwelling Veterans with Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Objectives: To test the hypotheses that community-dwelling veterans with spinal cord injury (SCI) who receive the Wheelchair Skills Training Program (WSTP) in their own environments significantly improve their manual ... -
Measuring Coverage in MNCH: Validating Women’s Self-Report of Emergency Cesarean Sections in Ghana and the Dominican Republic
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: Cesarean section is the only surgery for which we have nearly global population-based data. However, few surveys provide additional data related to cesarean sections. Given weaknesses in many health information ... -
Mechanism-Based Urinary Biomarkers to Identify the Potential for Aminoglycoside-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Premature Neonates: A Proof-of-Concept Study
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Premature infants are frequently exposed to aminoglycoside antibiotics. Novel urinary biomarkers may provide a non-invasive means for the early identification of aminoglycoside-related proximal tubule renal toxicity, to ... -
The Microbial Spectrum of Neonatal Sepsis in Uganda: Recovery of Culturable Bacteria in Mother-Infant Pairs
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Neonatal sepsis in the developing world is incompletely characterized. We seek to characterize the microbial spectrum involved in sepsis and determine the role of maternal transmission by comparing organisms that can be ... -
Modeling \(^{18}F-FDG\) Kinetics during Acute Lung Injury: Experimental Data and Estimation Errors
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Background: There is increasing interest in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]flouro-D-glucose (\(^{18}F-FDG\)) to evaluate pulmonary inflammation during acute lung injury (ALI). We assessed the effect ...