Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Keyword "air pollution"
Now showing items 1-20 of 42
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Air conditioning and source-specific particles as modifiers of the effect of PM(10) on hospital admissions for heart and lung disease.
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2002)Studies on acute effects of particulate matter (PM) air pollution show significant variability in exposure-effect relations among cities. Recent studies have shown an influence of ventilation on personal/indoor-outdoor ... -
Air Pollution and ST-Segment Depression in Elderly Subjects
(National Institue of Environmental Health Sciences, 2005)Increased levels of daily ambient particle pollution have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity. Black carbon (BC) is a measure of the traffic-related component of particles. We investigated ... -
Air Pollution, Smoking, and Plasma Homocysteine
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2006)Background: Mild hyperhomocysteinemia is independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Air pollution exposure induces short-term inflammatory changes that may determine hyperhomocysteinemia, ... -
Ambient and Microenvironmental Particles and Exhaled Nitric Oxide Before and After a Group Bus Trip
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2007)Objectives: Airborne particles have been linked to pulmonary oxidative stress and inflammation. Because these effects may be particularly great for traffic-related particles, we examined associations between particle ... -
Annual Ambient Black Carbon Associated with Shorter Telomeres in Elderly Men: Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2010)Background: Telomere length reflects biological age and is inversely associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Ambient air pollution is associated with CVD, but its effect on telomere length is unknown. Objective: ... -
Association between Traffic-Related Black Carbon Exposure and Lung Function among Urban Women
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2008)Background: Although a number of studies have documented the relationship between lung function and traffic-related pollution among children, few have focused on adult lung function or examined community-based populations. ... -
Baseline Repeated Measures from Controlled Human Exposure Studies: Associations between Ambient Air Pollution Exposure and the Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers IL-6 and Fibrinogen
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2009)Introduction: Systemic inflammation may be one of the mechanisms mediating the association between ambient air pollution and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and fibrinogen are biomarkers of ... -
A Case–Control Analysis of Exposure to Traffic and Acute Myocardial Infarction
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2006)Background: Long-term exposure to particulate air pollution has been associated with an increased risk of dying from cardiopulmonary and ischemic heart disease, yet few studies have evaluated cardiovascular end points other ... -
Chronic Fine and Coarse Particulate Exposure, Mortality, and Coronary Heart Disease in the Nurses’ Health Study
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2009)Background: The relationship of fine particulate matter < 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) air pollution with mortality and cardiovascular disease is well established, with more recent long-term studies reporting larger effect ... -
Decreased PM10 Exposure Attenuates Age-Related Lung Function Decline: Genetic Variants in p53, p21, and CCND1 Modify This Effect
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2009)Background: Decreasing exposure to airborne particulates was previously associated with reduced age-related decline in lung function. However, whether the benefit from improved air quality depends on genetic background is ... -
Diabetes, Obesity, and Hypertension May Enhance Associations between Air Pollution and Markers of Systemic Inflammation
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2006)Airborne particulate matter (PM) may lead to increased cardiac risk through an inflammatory pathway. Therefore, we investigated associations between ambient PM and markers of systemic inflammation among repeated measures ... -
Differences in Heart Rate Variability Associated with Long-Term Exposure to NO2
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2008)Background: Heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of cardiac autonomic tone, has been associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Short-term studies have shown that subjects exposed to higher traffic-associated ... -
DNA Hypomethylation, Ambient Particulate Matter, and Increased Blood Pressure: Findings From Controlled Human Exposure Experiments
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2013)Background: Short‐term exposures to fine (<2.5 μm aerodynamic diameter) ambient particulate‐matter (PM) have been related with increased blood pressure (BP) in controlled‐human exposure and community‐based studies. However, ... -
Effect Modification of Long‐Term Air Pollution Exposures and the Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease in US Women
(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2015)Background: Ambient air pollution exposures have been frequently linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. However, less is known about the populations most susceptible to these adverse effects. Methods ... -
The Effect of Dose and Timing of Dose on the Association between Airborne Particles and Survival
(2008)BACKGROUND: Understanding the shape of the concentration–response curve for particles is important for public health, and lack of such understanding was recently cited by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a ... -
The Effect of Particulate Air Pollution on Emergency Admissions for Myocardial Infarction: A Multicity Case-Crossover Analysis
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2005)Recently, attention has focused on whether particulate air pollution is a specific trigger of myocardial infarction (MI). The results of several studies of single locations assessing the effects of ambient particular matter ... -
Effects of Air Pollution and Blood Mitochondrial DNA Methylation on Markers of Heart Rate Variability
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2016)Background: The mitochondrion is the primary target of oxidative stress in response to exogenous environments. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is independent from nuclear DNA and uses separate epigenetic machinery to regulate ... -
Effects of air pollution on heart rate variability: the VA Normative Aging Study
(National Institue of Environmental Health Sciences, 2004)Reduced heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of poor cardiac autonomic function, has been associated with air pollution, especially fine particulate matter [< 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM\(_{2.5}\))]. We examined ... -
Epidemiologic study design for investigating respiratory health effects of complex air pollution mixtures.
(1993)Epidemiologic studies of the respiratory health effects of air pollution are intrinsically difficult because exposure is common, expected effects at concentrations found in developed countries are weak, random misclassification ... -
Epigenetics—a potential mediator between air pollution and preterm birth
(2016)Preterm birth is a major cause of infant morbidity and mortality and a potential risk factor for adult chronic disease. With over 15 million infants born preterm worldwide each year, preterm birth poses a global health ...