Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 1218-1237 of 6362
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Comparability of Self Rated Health: Cross Sectional Multi-Country Survey Using Anchoring Vignettes
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2004)Objective: To examine differences in expectations for health using anchoring vignettes, which describe fixed levels of health on dimensions such as mobility. Design: Cross sectional survey of adults living in the community. ... -
A comparative analysis of family-based and population-based association tests using whole genome sequence data
(BioMed Central, 2014)The revolution in next-generation sequencing has made obtaining both common and rare high-quality sequence variants across the entire genome feasible. Because researchers are now faced with the analytical challenges of ... -
Comparative Analysis of Measures of Viral Reservoirs in HIV-1 Eradication Studies
(Public Library of Science, 2013)HIV-1 reservoirs preclude virus eradication in patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The best characterized reservoir is a small, difficult-to-quantify pool of resting memory CD4+ T cells carrying ... -
Comparative Effectiveness of Personalized Lifestyle Management Strategies for Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction
(Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2016)BACKGROUND: Evidence shows that healthy diet, exercise, smoking interventions, and stress reduction reduce cardiovascular disease risk. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of these lifestyle interventions for individual ... -
Comparative effectiveness of post-discharge strategies for hospitalized smokers: study protocol for the Helping HAND 2 randomized controlled trial
(BioMed Central, 2015)Background: Smoking cessation interventions for hospitalized smokers are effective in promoting smoking cessation, but only if the tobacco dependence treatment continues after the patient leaves the hospital. Sustaining ... -
Comparative Effectiveness Research Using Observational Data: Active Comparators to Emulate Target Trials with Inactive Comparators
(AcademyHealth, 2016)Introduction: Because a comparison of noninitiators and initiators of treatment may be hopelessly confounded, guidelines for the conduct of observational research often recommend using an “active” comparator group consisting ... -
Comparative Genomic Characterization of Francisella tularensis Strains Belonging to Low and High Virulence Subspecies
(Public Library of Science, 2009)Tularemia is a geographically widespread, severely debilitating, and occasionally lethal disease in humans. It is caused by infection by a gram-negative bacterium, Francisella tularensis. In order to better understand its ... -
Comparative Genomics of Recent Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O104:H4: Short-Term Evolution of an Emerging Pathogen
(American Society of Microbiology, 2013)The large outbreak of diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) caused by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 in Europe from May to July 2011 highlighted the potential of a rarely identified E. coli serogroup ... -
Comparative linkage analysis and visualization of high-density oligonucleotide SNP array data
(BioMed Central, 2005)Background: The identification of disease-associated genes using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has been increasingly reported. In particular, the Affymetrix Mapping 10 K SNP microarray platform uses one PCR primer ... -
Comparative Proteomic Analysis of the PhoP Regulon in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Versus Typhimurium
(Public Library of Science, 2009)Background: S. Typhi, a human-restricted Salmonella enterica serovar, causes a systemic intracellular infection in humans (typhoid fever). In comparison, S. Typhimurium causes gastroenteritis in humans, but causes a systemic ... -
Comparative Proteomic and Transcriptomic Profiling of the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe
(Nature / European Molecular Biology Organization, 2007)The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is a widely used model organism to study basic mechanisms of eukaryotic biology, but unlike other model organisms, its proteome remains largely uncharacterized. Using a shotgun ... -
Comparative RNA-Seq based dissection of the regulatory networks and environmental stimuli underlying Vibrio parahaemolyticus gene expression during infection
(Oxford University Press, 2014)Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading worldwide cause of seafood-associated gastroenteritis, yet little is known regarding its intraintestinal gene expression or physiology. To date, in vivo analyses have focused on ... -
Comparative safety of anesthetic type for hip fracture surgery in adults: retrospective cohort study
(BMJ Publishing Group Ltd., 2014)Objective: To evaluate the effect of anesthesia type on the risk of in-hospital mortality among adults undergoing hip fracture surgery in the United States. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Premier research ... -
A Comparative Study of Tests for Homogeneity of Variances with Application to DNA Methylation Data
(Public Library of Science, 2015)Variable DNA methylation has been associated with cancers and complex diseases. Researchers have identified many DNA methylation markers that have different mean methylation levels between diseased subjects and normal ... -
Compared to whom? Subjective social status, self-rated health, and referent group sensitivity in a diverse U.S. sample
(2010)Emerging research has revealed that subjective social status (SSS), or how people perceive their position in the social hierarchy, is significantly associated with multiple health outcomes. Yet few studies have examined ... -
Comparing alternative effect decomposition methods: the role of literacy in mediating educational effects on mortality
(, 2016)Background: Inverse odds ratio weighting, a newly proposed tool to evaluate mediation in exposure-disease associations, may be valuable for a host of research questions, but little is known about its performance in real ... -
Comparing measures of model selection for penalized splines in Cox models
(Elsevier, 2009)This article presents an application and a simulation study of model fit criteria for selecting the optimal degree of smoothness for penalized splines in Cox models. The criteria considered were the Akaike information ... -
Comparing Platforms for Messenger RNA Expression Profiling of Archival Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissues
(Elsevier BV, 2015-07)Archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue specimens represent a readily available but largely untapped resource for gene expression profiling based biomarker discovery. Severaltechnologies have been proposed ... -
Comparing Primary Prevention with Secondary Prevention to Explain Decreasing Coronary Heart Disease Death Rates in Ireland, 1985–2000
(BioMed Central, 2007)Background: To investigate whether primary prevention might be more favourable than secondary prevention (risk factor reduction in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)).Methods The cell-based IMPACT CHD mortality model ... -
Comparing research investment to United Kingdom institutions and published outputs for tuberculosis, HIV and malaria: a systematic analysis across 1997–2013
(BioMed Central, 2015)Background: The “Unfinished Agenda” of infectious diseases is of great importance to policymakers and research funding agencies that require ongoing research evidence on their effective management. Journal publications ...