Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 1252-1271 of 6362
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Comparison of Methods That Use Whole Genome Data to Estimate the Heritability and Genetic Architecture of Complex Traits
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2018-05)Multiple methods have been developed to estimate narrow-sense heritability, h2, using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in unrelated individuals. However, a comprehensive evaluation of these methods has not yet been ... -
Comparison of Molecular Phenotypes of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ and Invasive Breast Cancer
(BioMed Central, 2008)Introduction: At least four major categories of invasive breast cancer that are associated with different clinical outcomes have been identified by gene expression profiling: luminal A, luminal B, human epidermal growth ... -
A Comparison of Nutritional Antioxidant Content in Breast Milk, Donor Milk, and Infant Formulas
(MDPI, 2016)Human milk is the optimal food for human infants, including infants born prematurely. In the event that a mother of a hospitalized infant cannot provide breast milk, donor milk is considered an acceptable alternative. It ... -
Comparison of Patient Comprehension of Rapid HIV Pre-Test Fundamentals by Information Delivery Format in an Emergency Department Setting
(BioMed Central, 2007)Background: Two trials were conducted to compare emergency department patient comprehension of rapid HIV pre-test information using different methods to deliver this information. Methods: Patients were enrolled for these ... -
Comparison of Polychlorinated Biphenyl Levels across Studies of Human Neurodevelopment
(Environmental Health Perspectives, 2002)Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent pollutants that are ubiquitous in the food chain, and detectable amounts are in the blood of almost every person in most populations that have been examined. Extensive evidence ... -
Comparison of Self-Reported Alcohol Consumption to Phosphatidylethanol Measurement among HIV-Infected Patients Initiating Antiretroviral Treatment in Southwestern Uganda
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Background: Alcohol consumption among HIV-infected patients may accelerate HIV disease progression or reduce antiretroviral therapy adherence. Self-reported alcohol use is frequently under-reported due to social desirability ... -
Comparison of Self-Reported and Accelerometer-Assessed Physical Activity in Older Women
(Public Library of Science, 2015)Background: Self-reported physical activity measures continue to be validated against accelerometers; however, the absence of standardized, accelerometer moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) definitions has made ... -
A comparison of the force applied on oral structures during intubation attempts between the Pentax-AWS airwayscope and the Macintosh laryngoscope: a high-fidelity simulator-based study
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2014)Objective: We sought to determine whether the use of Pentax-AWS Airwayscope (AWS) applied less force on oral structures during intubation attempts than a conventional direct laryngoscope (DL). Design: Prospective cross-over ... -
Comparison of the Performance of the TPTest, Tubex, Typhidot and Widal Immunodiagnostic Assays and Blood Cultures in Detecting Patients with Typhoid Fever in Bangladesh, Including Using a Bayesian Latent Class Modeling Approach
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Background: There is an urgent need for an improved diagnostic assay for typhoid fever. In this current study, we compared the recently developed TPTest (Typhoid and Paratyphoid Test) with the Widal test, blood culture, ... -
A Comparison of Three Methods to Measure Asthma in Epidemiologic Studies: Results from the Danish National Birth Cohort
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Asthma is a heterogeneous outcome and how the condition should be measured to best capture clinically relevant disease in epidemiologic studies remains unclear. We compared three methods of measuring asthma in the Danish ... -
A Comparison of Two Measures of HIV Diversity in Multi-Assay Algorithms for HIV Incidence Estimation
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Background: Multi-assay algorithms (MAAs) can be used to estimate HIV incidence in cross-sectional surveys. We compared the performance of two MAAs that use HIV diversity as one of four biomarkers for analysis of HIV ... -
A comparison of visual and quantitative methods to identify interstitial lung abnormalities
(BioMed Central, 2015)Background: Evidence suggests that individuals with interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) on a chest computed tomogram (CT) may have an increased risk to develop a clinically significant interstitial lung disease (ILD). ... -
Comparisons of Simple and Complex Methods for Quantifying Exposure to Individual Point Source Air Pollution Emissions
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-03-17)Expanded use of reduced complexity approaches in epidemiology and environmental justice investigations motivates detailed evaluation of these modeling approaches. Chemical transport models (CTMs) remain the most complete ... -
Competing Effects of Indirect Protection and Clustering on the Power of Cluster-Randomized Controlled Vaccine Trials
(Oxford University Press (OUP), 2018)Power considerations for trials evaluating vaccines against infectious diseases are complicated by indirect protective effects of vaccination. While cluster-randomized controlled trials (cRCTs) are less statistically ... -
Complement Activation in Placental Malaria
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2015)Sixty percent of all pregnancies worldwide occur in malaria endemic regions. Pregnant women are at greater risk of malaria infection than their non-pregnant counterparts and have a higher risk of adverse birth outcomes ... -
Complement factor H (Y402H) polymorphism and risk of coronary heart disease in US men and women
(Oxford University Press, 2007)Aims Complement factor H (CFH) Y402H polymorphism is located in a region that binds C-reactive protein and may affect inflammatory processes and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). We assessed the association between ... -
Completing the Results of the 2013 Boston Marathon
(Public Library of Science, 2014)The 2013 Boston marathon was disrupted by two bombs placed near the finish line. The bombs resulted in three deaths and several hundred injuries. Of lesser concern, in the immediate aftermath, was the fact that nearly 6,000 ... -
The complex and specific pMHC interactions with diverse HIV-1 TCR clonotypes reveal a structural basis for alterations in CTL function
(Nature Publishing Group, 2014)Immune control of viral infections is modulated by diverse T cell receptor (TCR) clonotypes engaging peptide-MHC class I complexes on infected cells, but the relationship between TCR structure and antiviral function is ... -
Complex relation of HLA-DRB1*1501, age at menarche, and age at multiple sclerosis onset
(Wolters Kluwer, 2016)Objective: To examine the relationship between 2 markers of early multiple sclerosis (MS) onset, 1 genetic (HLA-DRB1*1501) and 1 experiential (early menarche), in 2 cohorts. Methods: We included 540 white women with MS or ...