Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 1756-1775 of 6362
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Do bonding and bridging social capital have differential effects on self-rated health? A community based study in Japan
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2012)Background Few studies have examined the potential difference in the relationship between bonding versus bridging social capital and health outcomes. We sought to examine the association between these different types of ... -
Do changes in income, deprivation, labour force status and family status influence smoking behaviour over the short run? Panel study of 15 000 adults
(2014)Background Improving social circumstances (eg, an increase in income, finding a job or moving into a good neighbourhood) may reduce tobacco use, but robust evidence on the effects of such improvements is scarce. Accordingly ... -
Do countries rely on the World Health Organization for translating research findings into clinical guidelines? A case study
(BioMed Central, 2016)Background: The World Health Organization’s (WHO) antiretroviral therapy (ART) guidelines have generally been adopted rapidly and with high fidelity by countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Thus far, however, WHO has not published ... -
Do Fertility Transitions Influence Infant Mortality Declines? Evidence from Early Modern Germany
(Springer Science + Business Media, 2014)The timing and sequencing of fertility transitions and early-life mortality declines in historical Western societies indicate that reductions in sibship (number of siblings) may have contributed to improvements in infant ... -
Do genetic risk scores for body mass index predict risk of phobic anxiety? Evidence for a shared genetic risk factor
(Cambridge University Press, 2015)Background. Obesity and anxiety are often linked but the direction of effects is not clear.Method. Using genetic instrumental variable (IV) analyses in 5911 female participants from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS, initiated ... -
Do health policy advisors know what the public wants? An empirical comparison of how health policy advisors assess public preferences regarding smoke-free air, and what the public actually prefers
(BioMed Central, 2013)Background: Health policy-making, a complex, multi-factorial process, requires balancing conflicting values. A salient issue is public support for policies; however, one reason for limited impact of public opinion may be ... -
Do healthier foods and diet patterns cost more than less healthy options? A systematic review and meta-analysis
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2013)Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of prices of healthier versus less healthy foods/diet patterns while accounting for key sources of heterogeneity. Data sources MEDLINE (2000–2011), supplemented ... -
Do home-visit programs for mothers with infants reduce parenting stress and increase social capital in Japan?
(, 2012)Background Distress during child rearing is known as a risk factor for child maltreatment. In addition, it is known that social capital can be a preventive factor for child maltreatment. The purpose of this study is to ... -
Do mass media campaigns improve physical activity? a systematic review and meta-analysis
(BioMed Central, 2013)Background: Mass media campaigns are frequently used to influence the health behaviors of various populations. There are currently no quantitative meta-analyses of the effect of mass media campaigns on physical activity ... -
Do Moderate‐Intensity and Vigorous‐Intensity Physical Activities Reduce Mortality Rates to the Same Extent?
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2014)Background: Limited data exist directly comparing the relative benefits of moderate‐ and vigorous‐intensity activities with all‐cause and cardiovascular (CV) disease mortality rates when controlling for physical activity ... -
Do patients adhere to over-the-counter artemisinin combination therapy for malaria? Evidence from an intervention study in Uganda
(BioMed Central, 2012)Background: Increasing affordability of artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) in the African retail sector could be critical to expanding access to effective malaria treatment, but must be balanced by efforts to protect ... -
Do Pollinators Contribute to Nutritional Health?
(Public Library of Science, 2015)Despite suggestions that animal pollinators are crucial for human nutritional health, no studies have actually tested this claim. Here, we combined data on crop pollination requirements, food nutrient densities, and actual ... -
Do Price Subsidies on Artemisinin Combination Therapy for Malaria Increase Household Use?: Evidence from a Repeated Cross-Sectional Study in Remote Regions of Tanzania
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: The Affordable Medicines Facility-malaria (AMFm) is a pilot program that uses price subsidies to increase access to Artemisinin Combination Therapies (ACTs), currently the most effective malaria treatment. ... -
Do Recent Data from the Seychelles Islands Alter the Conclusions of the NRC Report on the Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury?
(BioMed Central, 2004)In 2000, the National Research Council (NRC), an arm of the National Academy of Sciences, released a report entitled, "Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury." The overall conclusion of that report was that, at levels of ... -
Do social comparisons explain the association between income inequality and health?: Relative deprivation and perceived health among male and female Japanese individuals
(2008)Relative deprivation has been hypothesized as one of the pathways accounting for the link between income inequality and health. We tested this hypothesis in a large national sample of men and women in Japan. Our survey ... -
Do Socioeconomic Gradients in Body Mass Index Vary by Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Birthplace?
(, 2009)Despite the well-documented negative socioeconomic status (SES) gradient in body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)(2)) among women in developed societies, the presence and strength of the gradient is less consistent ... -
Does Being Overweight Really Reduce Mortality?
(2013)There is indisputable evidence from epidemiologic and clinical studies that being overweight and obese elevates the risk of developing debilitating and costly chronic diseases, including hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, ... -
Does childhood schooling affect old age memory or mental status? Using state schooling laws as natural experiments
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2008)Background: The association between schooling and old age cognitive outcomes such as memory disorders is well documented but, because of the threat of reverse causation, controversy persists over whether education affects ... -
Does Diet Affect Breast Cancer Risk?
(BioMed Central, 2004)The role of specific dietary factors in breast cancer causation is not completely resolved. Results from prospective studies do not support the concept that fat intake in middle life has a major relation to breast cancer ... -
Does duration of physical activity bouts matter for adiposity and metabolic syndrome? A cross-sectional study of older British men
(BioMed Central, 2016)Background: Older adults have low physical activity(PA) and high sedentary behaviour(SB) levels. We investigate how total volume and specific patterns of moderate to vigorous PA(MVPA), light PA(LPA) and SB are related to ...