Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 1996-2015 of 6362
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Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on Kupffer cell phagosomal motility, bacterial clearance, and liver function
(Dove Medical Press, 2015)Background: Zinc oxide engineered nanoparticles (ZnO ENPs) have potential as nanomedicines due to their inherent properties. Studies have described their pulmonary impact, but less is known about the consequences of ZnO ... -
Effects on Coronary Heart Disease of Increasing Polyunsaturated Fat in Place of Saturated Fat: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Background: Reduced saturated fat (SFA) consumption is recommended to reduce coronary heart disease (CHD), but there is an absence of strong supporting evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of clinical CHD ... -
Efficacy and safety of an extended nevirapine regimen in infant children of breastfeeding mothers with HIV-1 infection for prevention of postnatal HIV-1 transmission (HPTN 046): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
(Elsevier BV, 2012)Background Nevirapine given once-daily for the first 6, 14, or 28 weeks of life to infants exposed to HIV-1via breastfeeding reduces transmission through this route compared with single-dose nevirapine at birth or ... -
Efficacy and Safety of Edoxaban in Elderly Patients With Atrial Fibrillation in the ENGAGE AF–TIMI 48 Trial
(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2016)Background: Elderly patients with atrial fibrillation are at higher risk of both ischemic and bleeding events compared to younger patients. In a prespecified analysis from the ENGAGE AF‐TIMI 48 trial, we evaluate clinical ... -
Efficacy and Safety of Three Antiretroviral Regimens for Initial Treatment of HIV-1: A Randomized Clinical Trial in Diverse Multinational Settings
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Background: Antiretroviral regimens with simplified dosing and better safety are needed to maximize the efficiency of antiretroviral delivery in resource-limited settings. We investigated the efficacy and safety of ... -
The efficacy and safety profile of albumin administration for patients with cirrhosis at high risk of hepatorenal syndrome is dose dependent
(Oxford University Press, 2015)Background: Albumin is a critical component in the standard therapeutic approach to acute renal failure (ARF) and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in the setting of ascites. However, data regarding the safety and ... -
Efficacy of a group-based dietary intervention for limiting gestational weight gain among obese women: a randomized trial
(2014)Objective: Observational studies suggest that minimal gestational weight gain (GWG) may optimize pregnancy outcomes for obese women. This trial tested the efficacy of a group-based weight management intervention for limiting ... -
Efficacy of Early Neonatal Vitamin A Supplementation in Reducing Mortality During Infancy in Ghana, India and Tanzania: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
(BioMed Central, 2012)Background: Vitamin A supplementation of 6-59 month old children is currently recommended by the World Health Organization based on evidence that it reduces mortality. There has been considerable interest in determining ... -
The efficiency of chronic disease care in sub-Saharan Africa
(BioMed Central, 2016)The number of people needing chronic disease care is projected to increase in sub-Saharan Africa as a result of expanding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment coverage, rising life expectancies, and lifestyle ... -
Efficient Bayesian mixed model analysis increases association power in large cohorts
(2014)Linear mixed models are a powerful statistical tool for identifying genetic associations and avoiding confounding. However, existing methods are computationally intractable in large cohorts, and may not optimize power. All ... -
Efficient Derivative Codes through Automatic Differentiation and Interface Contraction: An Application in Biostatistics
(Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 1997)Developing code for computing the first- and higher-order derivatives of a function by hand can be very time consuming and is prone to errors. Automatic differentiation has proven capable of producing derivative codes with ... -
Egg consumption and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
(BMJ Publishing Group Ltd., 2013)Objective: To investigate and quantify the potential dose-response association between egg consumption and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke. Design: Dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Data ... -
Egg Consumption and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Men and Women
(American Diabetes Association, 2009)OBJECTIVE—Whereas limited and inconsistent findings have been reported on the relation between dietary cholesterol or egg consumption and fasting glucose, no previous study has examined the association between egg consumption ... -
Egg intake and cancers of the breast, ovary and prostate: a dose–response meta-analysis of prospective observational studies
(Cambridge University Press, 2015) -
Egg, red meat, and poultry intake and risk of lethal prostate cancer in the prostate specific antigen-era: incidence and survival
(American Association for Cancer Research, 2011)Red and processed meat may increase risk of advanced prostate cancer. Data on postdiagnostic diet and prostate cancer are sparse, but postdiagnostic intake of poultry with skin and eggs may increase risk of disease ... -
Egr-1 Regulates Autophagy in Cigarette Smoke-induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
(Public Library of Science, 2008)Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by abnormal cellular responses to cigarette smoke, resulting in tissue destruction and airflow limitation. Autophagy is ... -
EicosaCell – An Immunofluorescent-Based Assay to Localize Newly Synthesized Eicosanoid Lipid Mediators at Intracellular Sites
(Springer Science + Business Media, 2010)Eicosanoids (prostaglandins, leukotrienes and lipoxins) are a family of signaling lipids derived from arachidonic acid that have important roles in physiological and pathological processes. Over the past years, it has been ... -
Eight Americas: Investigating Mortality Disparities across Races, Counties, and Race-Counties in the United States
(Public Library of Science, 2006)Background: The gap between the highest and lowest life expectancies for race-county combinations in the United States is over 35 y. We divided the race-county combinations of the US population into eight distinct groups, ... -
Eighteen Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) pathway genes, circulating levels of IGF-1 and its binding protein (IGFBP-3), and risk of prostate and breast cancer
(American Association for Cancer Research, 2010) -
Electron tomography and immunonanogold electron microscopy for investigating intracellular trafficking and secretion in human eosinophils
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2008)Electron tomography (ET) has increasingly been used to understand the complexity of membrane systems and protein-trafficking events. By ET and immunonanogold electron microscopy, we recently defined a route for vesicular ...