Now showing items 2099-2118 of 6362

    • The Epidemiology of Sleep Quality, Sleep Patterns, Consumption of Caffeinated Beverages, and Khat Use among Ethiopian College Students 

      Lemma, Seblewengel; Patel, Sheila V.; Tarekegn, Yared A.; Tadesse, Mahlet Getachew; Berhane, Yemane; Gelaye, Bizu; Williams, Michelle A (Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2012)
      Objective:. To evaluate sleep habits, sleep patterns, and sleep quality among Ethiopian college students; and to examine associations of poor sleep quality with consumption of caffeinated beverages and other stimulants. ...
    • Epidemiology, Public Health, and the Rhetoric of False Positives 

      Blair, Aaron; Saracci, Rodolfo; Vineis, Paolo; Cocco, Pierluigi; Forastiere, Francesco; Kogevinas, Manolis; McMichael, Anthony; Pearce, Neil; Porta, Miquel; Samet, Jonathan; Sandler, Dale P.; Costantini, Adele Seniori; Vainio, Harri; Grandjean, Philippe; Kriebel, David (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2009)
      Background: As an observational science, epidemiology is regarded by some researchers as inherently flawed and open to false results. In a recent paper, Boffetta et al. [Boffetta P, McLaughlin JK, LaVecchia C, Tarone RE, ...
    • An epigenetic clock analysis of race/ethnicity, sex, and coronary heart disease 

      Horvath, Steve; Gurven, Michael; Levine, Morgan E.; Trumble, Benjamin C.; Kaplan, Hillard; Allayee, Hooman; Ritz, Beate R.; Chen, Brian; Lu, Ake T.; Rickabaugh, Tammy M.; Jamieson, Beth D.; Sun, Dianjianyi; Li, Shengxu; Chen, Wei; Quintana-Murci, Lluis; Fagny, Maud; Kobor, Michael S.; Tsao, Philip S.; Reiner, Alexander P.; Edlefsen, Kerstin L.; Absher, Devin; Assimes, Themistocles L. (BioMed Central, 2016)
      Background: Epigenetic biomarkers of aging (the “epigenetic clock”) have the potential to address puzzling findings surrounding mortality rates and incidence of cardio-metabolic disease such as: (1) women consistently ...
    • Epigenetic Influences on Associations between Air Pollutants and Lung Function in Elderly Men: The Normative Aging Study 

      Lepeule, Johanna; Bind, Marie-Abele Catherine; Baccarelli, Andrea A.; Koutrakis, Petros; Tarantini, Letizia; Litonjua, Augusto; Sparrow, David; Vokonas, Pantel; Schwartz, Joel D. (NLM-Export, 2014)
      Background: Few studies have been performed on pulmonary effects of air pollution in the elderly—a vulnerable population with low reserve capacity—and mechanisms and susceptibility factors for potential effects are unclear. ...
    • Epigenetics—a potential mediator between air pollution and preterm birth 

      Lin, Vania W.; Baccarelli, Andrea A.; Burris, Heather H. (2016)
      Preterm birth is a major cause of infant morbidity and mortality and a potential risk factor for adult chronic disease. With over 15 million infants born preterm worldwide each year, preterm birth poses a global health ...
    • Epigenome-wide and transcriptome-wide analyses reveal gestational diabetes is associated with alterations in the human leukocyte antigen complex 

      Binder, Alexandra M.; LaRocca, Jessica; Lesseur, Corina; Marsit, Carmen J.; Michels, Karin B. (BioMed Central, 2015)
      Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects approximately 10 % of pregnancies in the United States and increases the risk of adverse health outcomes in the offspring. These adult disease propensities may be set ...
    • Epigenome-wide association data implicates DNA methylation-mediated genetic risk in psoriasis 

      Zhou, Fusheng; Shen, Changbing; Xu, Jingkai; Gao, Jing; Zheng, Xiaodong; Ko, Randy; Dou, Jinfa; Cheng, Yuyan; Zhu, Caihong; Xu, Shuangjun; Tang, Xianfa; Zuo, Xianbo; Yin, Xianyong; Cui, Yong; Sun, Liangdan; Tsoi, Lam C.; Hsu, Yi-Hsiang; Yang, Sen; Zhang, Xuejun (BioMed Central, 2016)
      Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by epidermal hyperproliferation and altered keratinocyte differentiation and inflammation and is caused by the interplay of genetic and environmental ...
    • An Epigenome-Wide Association Study of Total Serum Immunoglobulin E Concentration 

      Liang, Liming; Willis-Owen, Saffron A.G.; Laprise, Catherine; Wong, Kenny C.C.; Davies, Gwyneth A.; Hudson, Thomas J.; Binia, Aristea; Hopkin, Julian M.; Yang, Ivana V.; Grundberg, Elin; Busche, Stephan; Hudson, Marie; Rönnblom, Lars; Pastinen, Tomi M.; Schwartz, David A.; Lathrop, G. Mark; Moffatt, Miriam F.; Cookson, William O.C.M. (2014)
      Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is a central mediator of allergic (atopic) inflammation. Therapies directed against IgE benefit hay fever1 and allergic asthma1,2. Genetic association studies have not yet identified novel therapeutic ...
    • Epigenomic Diversity of Colorectal Cancer Indicated by LINE-1 Methylation in a Database of 869 Tumors 

      Baba, Yoshifumi; Huttenhower, Curtis; Nosho, Katsuhiko; Tanaka, Noriko; Shima, Kaori; Hazra, Aditi; Schernhammer, Eva S; Hunter, David J.; Giovannucci, Edward L.; Fuchs, Charles Stewart; Ogino, Shuji (BioMed Central, 2010)
      Background: Genome-wide DNA hypomethylation plays a role in genomic instability and carcinogenesis. LINE-1 (L1 retrotransposon) constitutes a substantial portion of the human genome, and LINE-1 methylation correlates with ...
    • Epithelial Progeny of Estrogen-Exposed Breast Progenitor Cells Display a Cancer-like Methylome 

      Cheng, A. S.L.; Culhane, Aedin; Chan, M. W.Y.; Venkataramu, C. R.; Ehrich, M.; Nasir, A.; Rodriguez, B. A.T.; Liu, J.; Yan, P. S.; Quackenbush, John; Nephew, K. P.; Yeatman, T. J.; Huang, T. H-M. (American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), 2008)
      Estrogen imprinting is used to describe a phenomenon in which early developmental exposure to endocrine disruptors increases breast cancer risk later in adult life. We propose that long-lived, self-regenerating stem and ...
    • Epstein-Barr Virus Antibodies and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A Prospective Study 

      Ascherio, A.; Munger, K. L.; Lennette, E. T.; Spiegelman, D.; Hernán, M. A.; Olek, M. J.; Hankinson, S. E.; Hunter, D. J. (American Medical Association, 2001)
    • ER Dysfunction and Protein Folding Stress in ALS 

      Matus, Soledad; Valenzuela, Vicente; Medinas, Danilo B.; Hetz, Claudio (Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2013)
      Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most frequent paralytic disease in adults. Most ALS cases are considered sporadic with no clear genetic component. The disruption of protein homeostasis due to chronic stress ...
    • Erectile Function and Risk of Parkinson’s Disease 

      Gao, Xiang; Chen, Honglei; Schwarzschild, Michael A.; Glasser, Dale B.; Logroscino, Giancarlo; Rimm, Eric Bruce::0ab2926c8242f35e5a982e3cf59f4987::600; Ascherio, Alberto (Oxford University Press, 2007)
      Erectile dysfunction is common among individuals with Parkinson's disease, but it is unknown whether it precedes the onset of the classic features of Parkinson's disease. To address this question, the authors examined ...
    • Erratum: Consumption of whole grains and cereal fiber and total and cause-specific mortality: prospective analysis of 367,442 individuals 

      Huang, Tao; Xu, Min; Lee, Albert; Cho, Susan; Qi, Lu (BioMed Central, 2015)
      This is an Erratum to BMC Medicine 2015, 13:59, highlighting previously undeclared competing interests and including more information in the acknowledgements section. Please see related article: http://www.biomedcentral. ...
    • EspA Acts as a Critical Mediator of ESX1-Dependent Virulence in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Affecting Bacterial Cell Wall Integrity 

      Garces, Alejandra; Woodworth, Joshua S.; Krastins, Bryan; Atmakuri, Krishnamohan; Chase, Michael Richard; Rothchild, Alissa C.; Ramsdell, Talia Lynn; Lopez, Mary Frances; Behar, Samuel M; Sarracino, David A.; Fortune, Sarah Merritt (Public Library of Science, 2010)
      Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) requires the ESX1 specialized protein secretion system for virulence, for triggering cytosolic immune surveillance pathways, and for priming an optimal CD8+ T cell response. This suggests ...
    • Established and Novel Initiatives to Reduce Crowding in Emergency Departments 

      Liu, Shan Woo; Hamedani, Azita G.; Brown, David Frank Metzger; Asplin, Brent; Camargo, Carlos Arturo (Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, 2013)
      Introduction: The American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) Task Force on Boarding described high-impact initiatives to decrease crowding. Furthermore, some emergency departments (EDs) have implemented a novel ...
    • Estimated age and gender profile of individuals missed by a home-based HIV testing and counselling campaign in a Botswana community 

      Novitsky, Vlad; Bussmann, Hermann; Okui, Lillian; Logan, Andrew; Moyo, Sikhulile; van Widenfelt, Erik; Mmalane, Mompati; Lei, Quanhong; Holme, Molly P; Makhema, Joseph; Lockman, Shahin; Degruttola, Victor; Essex, M (International AIDS Society, 2015)
      Introduction: It would be useful to understand which populations are not reached by home-based HIV-1 testing and counselling (HTC) to improve strategies aimed at linking these individuals to care and reducing rates of ...
    • Estimated Costs of False Laboratory Diagnoses of Tuberculosis in Three Patients 

      Northrup, Jill M.; Sharnprapai, Sharon; Etkind, Sue; Driscoll, Jeffrey; McGarry, Michael; Taber, Harry W.; Elvin, Paul; Qualls, Noreen L.; Braden, Christopher R.; Miller, Ann C.; Nardell, Edward Anthony (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2002)
      We estimated direct medical and nonmedical costs associated with a false diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) caused by laboratory cross-contamination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cultures in Massachusetts in 1998 and 1999. For ...
    • Estimated exposures to perfluorinated compounds in infancy predict attenuated vaccine antibody concentrations at age 5-years 

      Grandjean, Philippe; Heilmann, Carsten; Weihe, Pal; Nielsen, Flemming; Mogensen, Ulla B.; Timmermann, Amalie; Budtz-Jørgensen, Esben (Informa UK Limited, 2017)
      Perfluorinated alkylate substances (PFASs) are highly persistent and may cause immunotoxic effects. PFAS-associated attenuated antibody responses to childhood vaccines may be affected by PFAS exposures during infancy, where ...
    • Estimates of Cancer Incidence in Ethiopia in 2015 Using Population-Based Registry Data 

      Memirie, Solomon Tessema; Habtemariam, Mahlet Kifle; Asefa, Mathewos; Deressa, Biniyam Tefera; Abayneh, Getamesay; Tsegaye, Biniam; Abraha, Mihiret Woldetinsae; Ababi, Girma; Jemal, Ahmedin; Rebbeck, Timothy R; Verguet, Stephane (American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), 2018)
      Purpose Noncommunicable diseases, prominently cancer, have become the second leading cause of death in the adult population of Ethiopia. A population-based cancer registry has been used in Addis Ababa (the capital city) ...