Now showing items 2243-2262 of 6362

    • Exclusive breastfeeding reduces risk of mortality in infants up to 6 mo of age born to HIV-positive Tanzanian women 

      Natchu, Uma Mouli; Liu, Enju; Duggan, Christopher; Msamanga, Gernard; Peterson, Karen; Aboud, Said; Spiegelman, Donna; Fawzi, Wafaie W. (Oxford University Press, 2012)
      Background: Despite the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), exposure to HIV from breast milk has relegated EBF to an option only when formula feeding is not affordable, feasible, safe, and sustainable. Mixed feeding ...
    • Exercising alone versus with others and associations with subjective health status in older Japanese: The JAGES Cohort Study 

      Kanamori, Satoru; Takamiya, Tomoko; Inoue, Shigeru; Kai, Yuko; Kawachi, Ichiro; Kondo, Katsunori (Nature Publishing Group, 2016)
      Although exercising with others may have extra health benefits compared to exercising alone, few studies have examined the differences. We sought to examine whether the association of regular exercise to subjective health ...
    • Exogenous Hormone Use: Oral Contraceptives, Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy, and Health Outcomes in the Nurses’ Health Study 

      Bhupathiraju, Shilpa; Grodstein, Francine; Stampfer, Meir; Willett, Walter C.::94559ea206eef8a8844fc5b80654fa5b::600; Hu, Frank; Manson, JoAnn (American Public Health Association, 2016)
      Objectives. To review the contribution of the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) to our understanding of the complex relationship between exogenous hormones and health outcomes in women.Methods. We performed a narrative review of ...
    • Exome and whole genome sequencing of esophageal adenocarcinoma identifies recurrent driver events and mutational complexity 

      Dulak, Austin M.; Stojanov, Petar; Peng, Shouyong; Lawrence, Michael S.; Fox, Cameron; Stewart, Chip; Bandla, Santhoshi; Imamura, Yu; Schumacher, Steven E.; Shefler, Erica; McKenna, Aaron; Cibulskis, Kristian; Sivachenko, Andrey; Carter, Scott L.; Saksena, Gordon; Voet, Douglas; Ramos, Alex H.; Auclair, Daniel; Thompson, Kristin; Sougnez, Carrie; Onofrio, Robert C.; Guiducci, Candace; Beroukhim, Rameen; Zhou, David; Lin, Lin; Lin, Jules; Reddy, Rishindra; Chang, Andrew; Luketich, James D.; Pennathur, Arjun; Ogino, Shuji; Golub, Todd R.; Gabriel, Stacey B.; Lander, Eric S.; Beer, David G.; Godfrey, Tony E.; Getz, Gad; Bass, Adam J. (2013)
      The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) has risen 600% over the last 30 years. With a five-year survival rate of 15%, identification of new therapeutic targets for EAC is greatly important. We analyze the mutation ...
    • Exome Sequencing in Schizophrenia-Affected Parent–offspring Trios Reveals Risk Conferred by Protein-Coding De Novo Mutations 

      Howrigan, Daniel; Rose, Samuel A.; Samocha, Kaitlin E.; Fromer, Menachem; Cerrato, Felecia; Chen, Wei J.; Churchhouse, Claire; Chambert, Kimberly; Chandler, Sharon D.; Daly, Mark; Dumont, Ashley; Genovese, Giulio; Hwu, Hai-Gwo; Laird, Nan; Kosmicki, Jack; Moran, Jennifer L.; Singh, Tarjinder; McCarroll, Steven; Faraone, Stephen V.; Glatt, Stephen J.; McCarroll, Steven; Tsuang, Ming; Neale, Benjamin (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-01-13)
      Protein-coding de novo mutations (DNMs) are significant risk factors in many neurodevelopmental disorders, whereas association with schizophrenia (SCZ) risk thus far has been modest. We analyze whole-exome sequence from ...
    • Exome Sequencing-Driven Discovery of Coding Polymorphisms Associated with Common Metabolic Phenotypes 

      Albrechtsen, A.; Grarup, N.; Sparsø, T.; Korneliussen, T.; Nie, C.; Skotte, L.; Ladenvall, C.; Cauchi, S.; Stančáková, A.; Andersen, G.; Astrup, A.; Banasik, K.; Bolund, L.; Charpentier, G.; Doney, A. S. F.; Dorkhan, M.; Forsen, T.; Frayling, T. M.; Groves, C. J.; Hallmans, G.; Hattersley, A. T.; Hitman, G. A.; Holmkvist, J.; Justesen, J. M.; Kristiansen, K.; Kuusisto, J.; Lajer, M.; Lantieri, O.; Liao, Q.; Manijak, M. P.; Marre, M.; Mokrosiński, J.; Mu, B.; Nijpels, G.; Nilsson, P.; Rayner, N. W.; Renström, F.; Ribel-Madsen, R.; Rolandsson, O.; Rossing, P.; Schwartz, T. W.; Slagboom, P. E.; Sterner, M.; Tarnow, L.; Tuomi, T.; van’t Riet, E.; van Leeuwen, N.; Varga, T. V.; Vestmar, M. A.; Xi, F.; Yengo, L.; ‘t Hart, L. M.; Balkau, B.; Froguel, P.; Laakso, M.; Groop, L.; Brandslund, I.; Lauritzen, T.; Witte, D. R.; Linneberg, A.; Jørgensen, T.; Pedersen, O.; Altshuler, David Matthew; Franks, P. W.; Li, Y.; Tian, G.; Cao, H.; Jiang, T.; Kim, S. Y.; Li, Q.; Wu, R.; Morris, A. P.; Bennett, A. J.; Chen, Y.; Dekker, J. M.; Gui, Y.; He, K.; Huang, S.; Jiang, H.; Jin, X.; Li, W.; Liang, H.; Liu, X.; Ma, T.; Ma, X.; Morris, A. D.; Nielsen, A. A.; Palmer, C. N. A.; Robertson, N.; Tang, M.; Walker, M.; Wang, B.; Wang, Y.; Wu, H.; Yu, C.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, Q.; Zhang, W.; Zheng, H.; Zhou, Y.; McCarthy, M. I.; Christensen, C.; Hansen, T.; Wang, J.; Nielsen, R. (Springer-Verlag, 2013)
      Aims/hypothesis: Human complex metabolic traits are in part regulated by genetic determinants. Here we applied exome sequencing to identify novel associations of coding polymorphisms at minor allele frequencies (MAFs) >1% ...
    • Exome-Wide Association Study of Endometrial Cancer in a Multiethnic Population 

      Chen, Maxine M.; Crous-Bou, Marta; Setiawan, Veronica W.; Prescott, Jennifer; Olson, Sara H.; Wentzensen, Nicolas; Black, Amanda; Brinton, Louise; Chen, Chu; Chen, Constance; Cook, Linda S.; Doherty, Jennifer; Friedenreich, Christine M.; Hankinson, Susan E.; Hartge, Patricia; Henderson, Brian E.; Hunter, David J.; Le Marchand, Loic; Liang, Xiaolin; Lissowska, Jolanta; Lu, Lingeng; Orlow, Irene; Petruzella, Stacey; Polidoro, Silvia; Pooler, Loreall; Rebbeck, Timothy R.; Risch, Harvey; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Schumacher, Frederick; Sheng, Xin; Shu, Xiao-ou; Weiss, Noel S.; Xia, Lucy; Van Den Berg, David; Yang, Hannah P.; Yu, Herbert; Chanock, Stephen; Haiman, Christopher; Kraft, Peter; De Vivo, Immaculata (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      Endometrial cancer (EC) contributes substantially to total burden of cancer morbidity and mortality in the United States. Family history is a known risk factor for EC, thus genetic factors may play a role in EC pathogenesis. ...
    • Exon expression profiling reveals stimulus-mediated exon use in neural cells 

      McKee, Adrienne E; Neretti, Nicola; Carvalho, Luis E; Brodsky, Alexander S; Meyer, Clifford; Meyer, Clifford; Fox, Edward Alvin; Silver, Pamela A. (BioMed Central, 2007)
      Background: Neuronal cells respond to changes in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) by affecting both the abundance and architecture of specific mRNAs. Although calcium-induced transcription and transcript variation have ...
    • Expansion of intestinal Prevotella copri correlates with enhanced susceptibility to arthritis 

      Scher, Jose U; Sczesnak, Andrew; Longman, Randy S; Segata, Nicola; Ubeda, Carles; Bielski, Craig; Rostron, Tim; Cerundolo, Vincenzo; Pamer, Eric G; Abramson, Steven B; Huttenhower, Curtis; Littman, Dan R (eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2013)
      Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent systemic autoimmune disease, caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Animal models suggest a role for intestinal bacteria in supporting the systemic immune ...
    • Experiences and acceptance of intimate partner violence: associations with sexually transmitted infection symptoms and ability to negotiate sexual safety among young Liberian women 

      Callands, Tamora A.; Sipsma, Heather L.; Betancourt, Theresa Stichick; Hansen, Nathan B. (Informa UK Limited, 2013)
      Women who experience intimate partner violence may be at elevated risk for poor sexual health outcomes including sexual transmitted infections (STIs). This association however, has not been consistently demonstrated in ...
    • Experiences of coercion to sterilize and forced sterilization among women living with HIV in Latin America 

      Kendall, Tamil; Albert, Claire (International AIDS Society, 2015)
      Introduction: Forced and coerced sterilization is an internationally recognized human rights violation reported by women living with HIV (WLHIV) around the globe. Forced sterilization occurs when a person is sterilized ...
    • Experiences of Female Survivors of Sexual Violence in Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Mixed-Methods Study 

      Kelly, Jocelyn TD; Betancourt, Theresa S; Mukwege, D; Lipton, R; VanRooyen, Michael J. (BioMed Central, 2011)
      Background: The conflict in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is the deadliest since World War II. Over a decade of fighting amongst an array of armed groups has resulted in extensive human rights abuses, ...
    • Explaining Adherence Success in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Ethnographic Study 

      Idoko, John; Kaaya, Sylvia; Biraro, Irene Andia; Agbaji, Oche; Beyrer, Chris; Ware, Norma Clara; Wyatt, Monique A.; Chalamilla, Guerino E.; Bangsberg, David Roy (Public Library of Science, 2009)
      Background: Individuals living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa generally take more than 90% of prescribed doses of antiretroviral therapy (ART). This number exceeds the levels of adherence observed in North America and ...
    • Explaining geographic patterns of suicide in the US: the role of firearms and antidepressants 

      Opoliner, April; Azrael, Deborah; Barber, Catherine; Fitzmaurice, Garrett; Miller, Matthew (Springer International Publishing, 2014)
      Background: Suicide rates vary more than 3-fold across the fifty states. Previous ecological studies have pointed, separately, to covariation of suicide mortality with rates of a) household firearm ownership, and b) ...
    • Exploratory Study to Identify Radiomics Classifiers for Lung Cancer Histology 

      Wu, Weimiao; Parmar, Chintan; Grossmann, Patrick; Quackenbush, John; Lambin, Philippe; Bussink, Johan; Mak, Raymond; Aerts, Hugo J. W. L. (Frontiers Media S.A., 2016)
      Background: Radiomics can quantify tumor phenotypic characteristics non-invasively by applying feature algorithms to medical imaging data. In this study of lung cancer patients, we investigated the association between ...
    • Exploring Genome-Wide – Dietary Heme Iron Intake Interactions and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes 

      Pasquale, Louis; Loomis, Stephanie J.; Aschard, Hugues; Kang, Jae H.; Cornelis, Marilyn C.; Qi, Lu; Kraft, Phillip L.; Hu, Frank B. (Frontiers Research Foundation, 2013)
      Aims/hypothesis: Genome-wide association studies have identified over 50 new genetic loci for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Several studies conclude that higher dietary heme iron intake increases the risk of T2D. Therefore we ...
    • Exploring host-microbiota interactions in animal models and humans 

      Kostic, Aleksandar David; Howitt, Michael; Garrett, Wendy S. (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2013)
      The animal and bacterial kingdoms have coevolved and coadapted in response to environmental selective pressures over hundreds of millions of years. The meta'omics revolution in both sequencing and its analytic pipelines ...
    • Exploring Innovative Approaches and Patient-Centered Outcomes From Positive Outliers in Childhood Obesity 

      Sharifi, Mona; Marshall, Gareth; Goldman, Roberta E.; Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl Lynn; Horan, Christine M.; Koziol, Renata; Marshall, Richard E.; Sequist, Thomas Dean; Taveras, Elsie Mireya (Elsevier BV, 2014)
      Objective New approaches for obesity prevention and management can be gleaned from 'positive outliers', i.e., individuals who have succeeded in changing health behaviors and reducing their body mass index (BMI) in the ...
    • Exploring the genetic architecture of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D 

      Hiraki, Linda T.; Major, Jacqueline M.; Chen, Constance; Cornelis, Marilyn C.; Hunter, David J.; Rimm, Eric Bruce::0ab2926c8242f35e5a982e3cf59f4987::600; Simon, Kelly C.; Weinstein, Stephanie J.; Purdue, Mark P.; Yu, Kai; Albanes, Demetrius; Kraft, Peter (Wiley, 2013)
      The primary circulating form of vitamin D is 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D), a modifiable trait linked with a growing number of chronic diseases. In addition to environmental determinants of 25(OH)D, including dietary ...
    • Exploring the potential of a family-based prevention intervention to reduce alcohol use and violence within HIV-affected families in Rwanda 

      Chaudhury, Sumona; Brown, Felicity L.; Kirk, Catherine M.; Mukunzi, Sylvere; Nyirandagijimana, Beatha; Mukandanga, Josee; Ukundineza, Christian; Godfrey, Kalisa; Ng, Lauren C.; Brennan, Robert T.; Betancourt, Theresa S. (2016)
      HIV-affected families report higher rates of harmful alcohol use, intimate partner violence (IPV) and family conflict, which can have detrimental effects on children. Few evidence-based interventions exist to address these ...