Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Title

Now showing items 2703-2722 of 6362

    • Genomic mapping of RNA polymerase II reveals sites of co-transcriptional regulation in human cells 

      Brodsky, Alexander S; Meyer, Clifford; Swinburne, Ian A; Hall, Giles; Keenan, Benjamin J; Liu, Xiaole Shirley; Fox, Edward Alvin; Silver, Pamela A. (BioMed Central, 2005)
      Background: Transcription by RNA polymerase II is regulated at many steps including initiation, promoter release, elongation and termination. Accumulation of RNA polymerase II at particular locations across genes can be ...

    • The genomic origins of asthma 

      Sharma, Sunita; Chhabra, Divya; Kho, Alvin Thong-Juak; Hayden, Lystra P.; Tantisira, Kelan; Weiss, Scott Tillman (BMJ, 2014)
      Lung function tracks from the earliest age that it can be reliably measured. Genome wide association studies (GWAS) suggest that most variants identified for common complex traits are both regulatory in function and active ...

    • Genomic profiling distinguishes familial multiple and sporadic multiple meningiomas 

      Engler, David A; Roy, Jennifer; Shen, Yiping; Nunes, Fabio Pereira; Stemmer-Rachamimov, Anat; James, Marianne F.; Mohapatra, Gayatry; Plotkin, Scott Randall; Betensky, Rebecca Aubrey; Ramesh, Vijaya; Gusella, James Francis (BioMed Central, 2009)
      Background: Meningiomas may occur either as familial tumors in two distinct disorders, familial multiple meningioma and neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2), or sporadically, as either single or multiple tumors in individuals with ...

    • Genomic Screening in Family-Based Association Testing 

      Murphy, Amy; McQueen, Matthew B; Su, Jessica Ann Lasky; Kraft, Peter; Lazarus, Ross; Laird, Nan M.; Lange, Christoph; Van Steen, Kristel (BioMed Central, 2005)
      Due to the recent gains in the availability of single-nucleotide polymorphism data, genome-wide association testing has become feasible. It is hoped that this additional data may confirm the presence of disease susceptibility ...

    • Genomic Sites of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) Integration: Similarities to HIV-1 In Vitro and Possible Differences In Vivo 

      MacNeil, A.; Sankale, J.-L.; Meloni, S; Sarr, A. D.; Mboup, S.; Kanki, Phyllis Jean (American Society for Microbiology, 2006)
      Retroviruses have distinct preferences in integration site selection in the host cell genome during in vitro infection, with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integration strongly favoring transcriptional units. ...

    • Genomics of Loa loa, a Wolbachia-free filarial parasite of humans 

      Desjardins, Christopher A.; Cerqueira, Gustavo C.; Goldberg, Jonathan M.; Hotopp, Julie C. Dunning; Haas, Brian J.; Zucker, Jeremy; Ribeiro, Jose’ M.C.; Saif, Sakina; Levin, Joshua Z.; Fan, Lin; Zeng, Qiandong; Russ, Carsten; Wortman, Jennifer R.; Fink, Doran L.; Birren, Bruce W.; Nutman, Thomas B. (2014)
      Loa loa, the African eyeworm, is a major filarial pathogen of humans. Unlike most filariae, Loa loa does not contain the obligate intracellular Wolbachia endosymbiont. We describe the 91.4 Mb genome of Loa loa, and the ...

    • Genotype vs. Phenotype and the Rise of Non-Communicable Diseases: The Importance of Lifestyle Behaviors During Childhood 

      Wu, Brian W; Skidmore, Paula M; Orta, Olivia R; Faulkner, James; Lambrick, Danielle; Signal, Leigh; Williams, Michelle A; Stoner, Lee (Cureus, 2016)
      Despite continued research and growing public awareness, the incidence of non-communicable diseases (NCD) continues to accelerate. While a person may have a genetic predisposition to certain NCDs, the rapidly changing ...

    • Genotypic and Functional Impact of HIV-1 Adaptation to Its Host Population during the North American Epidemic 

      Cotton, Laura A.; Kuang, Xiaomei T.; Le, Anh Q.; Carlson, Jonathan M.; Chan, Benjamin; Chopera, Denis R.; Brumme, Chanson J.; Markle, Tristan J.; Martin, Eric; Shahid, Aniqa; Anmole, Gursev; Mwimanzi, Philip; Nassab, Pauline; Penney, Kali A.; Rahman, Manal A.; Milloy, M.-J.; Schechter, Martin T.; Markowitz, Martin; Carrington, Mary; Walker, Bruce D.; Wagner, Theresa; Buchbinder, Susan; Fuchs, Jonathan; Koblin, Beryl; Mayer, Kenneth H.; Harrigan, P. Richard; Brockman, Mark A.; Poon, Art F. Y.; Brumme, Zabrina L. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      HLA-restricted immune escape mutations that persist following HIV transmission could gradually spread through the viral population, thereby compromising host antiviral immunity as the epidemic progresses. To assess the ...

    • Genotyping Analyses of Tuberculosis Cases in U.S.- and Foreign-Born Massachusetts Residents 

      Sharnprapai, Sharon; Miller, Ann C.; Suruki, Robert; Corkren, Edward; Etkind, Sue; Driscoll, Jeffrey; McGarry, Michael; Nardell, Edward Anthony (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2002)
      We used molecular genotyping to further understand the epidemiology and transmission patterns of tuberculosis (TB) in Massachusetts. The study population included 983 TB patients whose cases were verified by the Massachusetts ...

    • Geo-visualising Diet, Anthroprometric and Clinical Indicators for Children in India: Enabling District Prioritisation for Interventions 

      Subramanian, Sankaran; Sarwal, Rakesh; Joe, William; Kim, Rockli (Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, 2020-12)
      The nutritional status of children in India fares much worse in global comparisons. Using the disaggregated data from the fourth National Family Health Survey (NFHS 2015-16), we present a dashboard and atlas for 31 nutritional ...

    • Geographic and sociodemographic variation of cardiovascular disease risk in India: A cross-sectional study of 797,540 adults 

      Geldsetzer, Pascal; Manne-Goehler, Jennifer Michele; Theilmann, Michaela; Davies, Justine I.; Awasthi, Ashish; Danaei, Goodarz; Gaziano, Thomas Andrew; Vollmer, Sebastian; Jaacks, Lindsay; Barnighausen, Till; Atun, Rifat (Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2018)
      Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in India. Yet, evidence on the CVD risk of India’s population is limited. To inform health system planning and effective targeting of interventions, ...

    • Geographic Inequalities in All-Cause Mortality in Japan: Compositional or Contextual? 

      Suzuki, Etsuji; Kashima, Saori; Kawachi, Ichiro; Subramanian, S.V. Venkata (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Background: A recent study from Japan suggested that geographic inequalities in all-cause premature adult mortality have increased since 1995 in both sexes even after adjusting for individual age and occupation in 47 ...

    • Geographic patterns in patient demographics and insulin use in 18 countries, a global perspective from the multinational observational study assessing insulin use: understanding the challenges associated with progression of therapy (MOSAIc) 

      Polinski, Jennifer M.; Kim, Seoyoung C.; Jiang, Dingfeng; Hassoun, Ahmed; Shrank, William H.; Cos, Xavier; Rodríguez-Vigil, Efraín; Suzuki, Shuichi; Matsuba, Ikuro; Seeger, John D.; Eddings, Wesley; Brill, Gregory; Curtis, Bradley H. (BioMed Central, 2015)
      Background: Among patients with type 2 diabetes, insulin intensification to achieve glycemic targets occurs less often than clinically indicated. Barriers to intensification are not well understood. We present patients’ ...

    • Geographic Variation in Breast Cancer Incidence Rates in a Cohort of U.S. Women 

      Laden, F.; Hankinson, S. E.; Spiegelman, D.; Neas, L. M.; Colditz, G. A.; Hunter, D. J.; Manson, J. E.; Byrne, C.; Rosner, B. A.; Speizer, F. E. (Oxford University Press, 1997)
      Background: Breast cancer mortality and incidence rates vary by geographic region in the United States, Previous analytic studies have measured mortality, not incidence, and have used regional prevalences to control for ...

    • Geographical Inequalities and Social and Environmental Risk Factors for Under-Five Mortality in Ghana in 2000 and 2010: Bayesian Spatial Analysis of Census Data 

      Arku, Raphael E.; Bennett, James E.; Castro, Marcia C.; Agyeman-Duah, Kofi; Mintah, Samilia E.; Ware, James H.; Nyarko, Philomena; Spengler, John D.; Agyei-Mensah, Samuel; Ezzati, Majid (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Background: Under-five mortality is declining in Ghana and many other countries. Very few studies have measured under-five mortality—and its social and environmental risk factors—at fine spatial resolutions, which is ...

    • Geography of underweight and overweight among women in India: A multilevel analysis of 3204 neighborhoods in 26 states 

      Ackerson, Leland K.; Kawachi, Ichiro; Barbeau, Elizabeth M.; Subramanian, S. V. (, 2008)
      We investigated the geographic distribution and the relationship with neighborhood wealth of underweight and overweight in India. Using multilevel modeling techniques, we calculated state-specific smoothed shrunken state ...

    • Geometric constraints during epithelial jamming 

      Atia, Lior Nisim; Bi, Dapeng; Sharma, Yasha; Mitchel, Jennifer; Gweon, Bomi; Koehler, Stephan A.; DeCamp, Stephen; Lan, Bo; Kim, Jae Hun; Hirsch, Rebecca; Pegoraro, Adrian; Lee, Kyu Ha; Starr, Jacqueline Rose; Weitz, David A.; Martin, Adam; Park, Jin-Ah; Butler, James P.; Fredberg, Jeffrey J. (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2018-04-02)

    • A Geovisual Analytic Approach to Understanding Geo-Social Relationships in the International Trade Network 

      Luo, Wei; Yin, Peifeng; Di, Qian; Hardisty, Frank; MacEachren, Alan M. (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      The world has become a complex set of geo-social systems interconnected by networks, including transportation networks, telecommunications, and the internet. Understanding the interactions between spatial and social ...

    • Germline variants and advanced colorectal adenomas: Adenoma Prevention with Celecoxib trial genome-wide association study 

      Wang, Jiping; Carvajal-Carmona, Luis G.; Chu, Jen-Hwa; Zauber, Ann G.; KUBO, Michikai; Matsuda, Koichi; Dunlop, Malcolm; Houlston, Richard S.; Sieber, Oliver; Lipton, Lara; Gibbs, Peter; Martin, Nicholas G.; Montgomery, George Glennon; Young, Joanne; Baird, Paul N.; Ratain, Mark J.; Nakamura, Yusuke; Weiss, Scott Tillman; Tomlinson, Ian; Bertagnolli, Monica Marie (American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), 2013)
      Purpose: Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with development of advanced colorectal adenomas. Experimental Design: Discovery Phase: 1,406 Caucasian patients (139 advanced adenoma cases ...

    • Germline Variation in Superoxide Dismutase-2 (SOD2) and Survival Outcomes after Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer: Results from a Test and Validation Set Analysis 

      Margalit, Danielle N.; Jordahl, Kristina M.; Werner, Lillian; Wang, Xiaodong; Lee, Mary Gwo-Shu; Penney, Kathryn L.; Batista, Julie L.; Martin, Neil E.; Chan, June M.; Kantoff, Philip W.; Stampfer, Meir J.; Nguyen, Paul L.; Mucci, Lorelei A. (2016)
      Background: Genetic variants in antioxidant pathways may decrease the efficacy of radiation therapy (RT) by suppressing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We studied the association between single nucleotide ...