Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 3102-3121 of 6362
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The Impact of Dietary Folate Intake on Reproductive Function in Premenopausal Women: A Prospective Cohort Study
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Background: Folic acid is recommended to reproductive-aged women to prevent birth defects, though little is known about the effects of dietary intake on other reproductive outcomes. Improved pregnancy rates have been ... -
The impact of dietary habits and metabolic risk factors on cardiovascular and diabetes mortality in countries of the Middle East and North Africa in 2010: a comparative risk assessment analysis
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2015)Objective/design We conducted a comparative risk assessment analysis to estimate the cardiometabolic disease (CMD) mortality attributable to 11 dietary and 4 metabolic risk factors in 20 countries of the Middle East by ... -
The impact of direct-to-consumer personal genomic testing on perceived risk of breast, prostate, colorectal, and lung cancer: findings from the PGen study
(BioMed Central, 2015)Background: Direct access to genomic information has the potential to transform cancer risk counseling. We measured the impact of direct-to-consumer genomic risk information on changes to perceived risk (ΔPR) of breast, ... -
The Impact of Divergence Time on the Nature of Population Structure: An Example from Iceland
(Public Library of Science, 2009)The Icelandic population has been sampled in many disease association studies, providing a strong motivation to understand the structure of this population and its ramifications for disease gene mapping. Previous work using ... -
Impact of environmental microbiota on human microbiota of workers in academic mouse research facilities: An observational study
(Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2017) -
The Impact of Experience with a Family Member with Alzheimer's Disease on Views about the Disease across Five Countries
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2012)The objective of this paper is to understand how the public's beliefs in five countries may change as more families have direct experience with Alzheimer's disease. The data are derived from a questionnaire survey conducted ... -
The Impact of Farmers’ Strategic Behavior on the Spread of Animal Infectious Diseases
(Public Library of Science, 2016)One of the main strategies to control the spread of infectious animal diseases is the implementation of movement restrictions. This paper shows a loss in efficiency of the movement restriction policy (MRP) when behavioral ... -
The impact of funding for federally qualified health centers on utilization and emergency department visits in Massachusetts
(Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2020-12-03)Importance. Federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) receive federal funding to serve medically underserved areas and provide a range of services including comprehensive primary care, enabling services, and behavioral ... -
Impact of Genotyping of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis on Public Health Practice in Massachusetts
(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2002)Massachusetts was one of seven sentinel surveillance sites in the National Tuberculosis Genotyping and Surveillance Network. From 1996 through 2000, isolates from new patients with tuberculosis (TB) underwent genotyping. ... -
Impact of Health Education on Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections in Schoolchildren of the Peruvian Amazon: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Background: To control soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections, the World Health Organization recommends school-based deworming programs with a health hygiene education component. The effect of such health hygiene ... -
Impact of HIV on CD8+ T Cell CD57 Expression Is Distinct from That of CMV and Aging
(Public Library of Science, 2014)Background: Chronic antigenic stimulation by cytomegalovirus (CMV) is thought to increase “immunosenesence” of aging, characterized by accumulation of terminally differentiated CD28- CD8+ T cells and increased CD57, a ... -
Impact of HIV-related stigma on treatment adherence: systematic review and meta-synthesis
(International AIDS Society, 2013)Introduction: Adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a critical determinant of HIV-1 RNA viral suppression and health outcomes. It is generally accepted that HIV-related stigma is correlated with factors that may ... -
Impact of HLA-driven HIV adaptation on virulence in populations of high HIV seroprevalence
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2014)It is widely believed that epidemics in new hosts diminish in virulence over time, with natural selection favoring pathogens that cause minimal disease. However, a tradeoff frequently exists between high virulence shortening ... -
Impact of Host Heterogeneity on the Efficacy of Interventions to Reduce Staphylococcus aureus Carriage
(Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2015)BACKGROUND Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of bacterial infections worldwide. It is most commonly carried in and transmitted from the anterior nares. Hosts are known to vary in their proclivity for S. aureus nasal ... -
Impact of inpatient caseload, emergency department duties, and online learning resource on General Medicine In-Training Examination scores in Japan
(Dove Medical Press, 2015)Background: Both clinical workload and access to learning resource are important components of educational environment and may have effects on clinical knowledge of residents. Methods: We conducted a survey with a clinical ... -
The impact of internal displacement on child mortality in post-earthquake Haiti: a difference-in-differences analysis
(BioMed Central, 2016)Background: The Haiti earthquake in 2010 resulted in 1.5 million internally displaced people (IDP), yet little is known about the impact of displacement on health. In this study, we estimate the impact of displacement on ... -
The Impact of Japan's 2004 Postgraduate Training Program on Intra-Prefectural Distribution of Pediatricians in Japan
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Objective: Inequity in physician distribution poses a challenge to many health systems. In Japan, a new postgraduate training program for all new medical graduates was introduced in 2004, and researchers have argued that ... -
The Impact of Maternal Characteristics on the Moderately Premature Infant: An Antenatal Maternal Transport Clinical Prediction Rule
(Nature Publishing Group, 2012)Background: Moderately premature infants, defined here as those born between 30 \(\frac{0}{7}\) and 34 \(\frac{6}{7}\) weeks gestation, comprise 3.9% of all births in the United States and 32% of all preterm births. While ... -
The Impact of Menthol Cigarettes on Smoking Initiation among Non-Smoking Young Females in Japan
(MDPI, 2010)Japan presents an excellent case-study of a nation with low female smoking rates and a negligible menthol market which changed after the cigarette market was opened to foreign competition. Internal tobacco industry documents ... -
The Impact of Microenvironmental Heterogeneity on the Evolution of Drug Resistance in Cancer Cells
(Libertas Academica, 2015)Therapeutic resistance arises as a result of evolutionary processes driven by dynamic feedback between a heterogeneous cell population and environmental selective pressures. Previous studies have suggested that mutations ...