Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 743-762 of 6362
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Benchmarks for Operative Outcomes of Robotic and Open Radical Prostatectomy: Results from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study
(Elsevier, 2015)Background: Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALP) has become increasingly common; however, there have been no nationwide, population-based, non-claims-based studies to evaluate differences in outcomes ... -
Beneficial and perverse effects of isoniazid preventive therapy for latent tuberculosis infection in HIV-tuberculosis coinfected populations
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2006)In sub-Saharan Africa, where the emergence of HIV has caused dramatic increases in tuberculosis (TB) case notifications, new strategies for TB control are necessary. Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) for HIV-TB coinfected ... -
Benefit - Risk Assessment of Vitamin D Supplementation
(Springer (part of Springer Nature), 2010)Current intake recommendations of 200 to 600 IU vitamin D per day may be insufficient for important disease outcomes reduced by vitamin D.This study assessed the benefit of higher-dose and higher achieved 25-hydroxyvitamin ... -
Benefits and harms of mammography screening
(BioMed Central, 2015)Mammography screening for breast cancer is widely available in many countries. Initially praised as a universal achievement to improve women's health and to reduce the burden of breast cancer, the benefits and harms of ... -
Benefits of Regulating Hazardous Air Pollutants from Coal and Oil-Fired Utilities in the United States
(American Chemical Society (ACS), 2016) -
Benign breast disease, recent alcohol consumption, and risk of breast cancer: a nested case–control study
(BioMed Central, 2005)Introduction: Alcohol consumption is a well-established risk factor for breast cancer. Some studies have suggested that the risk of breast cancer associated with alcohol consumption is greater for women with a history of ... -
Benzoic Acid-Inducible Gene Expression in Mycobacteria
(Public Library of Science, 2015)Conditional expression is a powerful tool to investigate the role of bacterial genes. Here, we adapt the Pseudomonas putida-derived positively regulated XylS/Pm expression system to control inducible gene expression in ... -
Best Practices for Benchmarking Germline Small Variant Calls in Human Genomes
(Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 2018-02-23)Standardized benchmarking methods and tools are essential to robust accuracy assessment of NGS variant calling. Benchmarking variant calls requires careful attention to definitions of performance metrics, sophisticated ... -
Beta-Carotene Antioxidant Use During Radiation Therapy and Prostate Cancer Outcome in the Physicians' Health Study
(Elsevier, 2012)Purpose: The safety of antioxidant supplementation during radiation therapy (RT) for cancer is controversial. Antioxidants could potentially counteract the pro-oxidant effects of RT and compromise therapeutic efficacy. We ... -
Better Diet Quality and Decreased Mortality Among Myocardial Infarction Survivors
(2013)IMPORTANCE Information about diet after myocardial infarction (MI) and mortality is limited, despite the growing number of MI survivors in the United States. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of post-MI dietary quality ... -
Between-Airport Heterogeneity in Air Toxics Emissions Associated with Individual Cancer Risk Thresholds and Population Risks
(BioMed Central, 2009)Background: Airports represent a complex source type of increasing importance contributing to air toxics risks. Comprehensive atmospheric dispersion models are beyond the scope of many applications, so it would be valuable ... -
Beyond Health Insurance: Remaining Disparities in U.S. Health Care in the Post-ACA Era
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2017)Context: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) has reduced the U.S.’s uninsured rate to an historic low. But coverage is only one of many factors contributing to racial and income-based disparities in health care access, ... -
Beyond reading alone: The relationship between aural literacy and asthma management
(Elsevier BV, 2011)Objectives To examine the relationship between literacy and asthma management with a focus on the oral exchange. Methods Study participants, all of whom reported asthma, were drawn from the New England Family Study ... -
Beyond spinal manipulation: should Medicare expand coverage for chiropractic services? A review and commentary on the challenges for policy makers
(National University of Health Sciences, 2013)Objectives: Private insurance plans typically reimburse doctors of chiropractic for a range of clinical services, but Medicare reimbursements are restricted to spinal manipulation procedures. Medicare pays for evaluations ... -
Beyond the Mean: Quantile Regression to Explore the Association of Air Pollution with Gene-Specific Methylation in the Normative Aging Study
(NLM-Export, 2015)Background: Air pollution has been related to mean changes in outcomes, including DNA methylation. However, mean regression analyses may not capture associations that occur primarily in the tails of the outcome distribution. ... -
Beyond type 2 diabetes, obesity and hypertension: an axis including sleep apnea, left ventricular hypertrophy, endothelial dysfunction, and aortic stiffness among Mexican Americans in Starr County, Texas
(BioMed Central, 2016)Background: There is an increasing appreciation for a series of less traditional risk factors that should not be ignored when considering type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. These include ... -
Biased Exposure–Health Effect Estimates from Selection in Cohort Studies: Are Environmental Studies at Particular Risk?
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2015)Background: The process of creating a cohort or cohort substudy may induce misleading exposure–health effect associations through collider stratification bias (i.e., selection bias) or bias due to conditioning on an ... -
A Bibliometric Analysis in the Fields of Preventive Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology, and Public Health
(BioMed Central, 2006)Background: Research in the fields of Preventive Medicine, Occupational/Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Public Health play an important role in the advancement of knowledge. In order to map the research production ... -
Bicycling to Work and Primordial Prevention of Cardiovascular Risk: A Cohort Study Among Swedish Men and Women
(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2016)Background: Bicycling to work may be a viable approach for achieving physical activity that provides cardiovascular health benefits. In this study we investigated the relationship of bicycling to work with incidence of ... -
Bidi and cigarette smoking and risk of acute myocardial infarction among males in urban India
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2005)Death from myocardial infarction (MI) in India is exacerbated by smoking of bidis or cigarettes. Smoking among 309 men with incident MI was compared to 618 age matched controls; 56% of the individuals with MI and 26% of ...