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dc.contributor.authorChenine, Agnès-Laurence
dc.contributor.authorShai-Kobiler, Ela
dc.contributor.authorSteele, Lisa N.
dc.contributor.authorOng, Helena
dc.contributor.authorAugostini, Peter
dc.contributor.authorSong, Ruijiang
dc.contributor.authorLee, Sandra J.
dc.contributor.authorAutissier, Patrick
dc.contributor.authorRuprecht, Ruth Margrit
dc.contributor.authorSecor, W. Evan
dc.date.accessioned2011-04-25T14:21:22Z
dc.date.issued2008
dc.identifier.citationChenine, Agnès-Laurence, Ela Shai-Kobiler, Lisa N. Steele, Helena Ong, Peter Augostini, Ruijiang Song, Sandra J. Lee, Patrick Autissier, Ruth M. Ruprecht, and W. Evan Secor. 2008. Acute Infection Increases Susceptibility to Systemic SHIV Clade C Infection in Rhesus Macaques after Mucosal Virus Exposure. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2(7).en_US
dc.identifier.issn1935-2727en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:4875086
dc.description.abstractBackground: Individuals living in sub-Saharan Africa represent 10% of the world's population but almost 2/3 of all HIV-1/AIDS cases. The disproportionate HIV-1 infection rates in this region may be linked to helminthic parasite infections that affect many individuals in the developing world. However, the hypothesis that parasite infection increases an individual's susceptibility to HIV-1 has never been prospectively tested in a relevant in vivo model. Methodology/Principal Findings: We measured whether pre-existing infection of rhesus monkeys with a parasitic worm would facilitate systemic infection after mucosal AIDS virus exposure. Two groups of animals, one consisting of normal monkeys and the other harboring Schistosoma mansoni, were challenged intrarectally with decreasing doses of R5-tropic clade C simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV-C). Systemic infection occurred in parasitized monkeys at viral doses that remained sub-infectious in normal hosts. In fact, the 50% animal infectious (AID50) SHIV-C dose was 17-fold lower in parasitized animals compared to controls (P<0.001). Coinfected animals also had significantly higher peak viral RNA loads than controls (P<0.001), as well as increased viral replication in CD4+ central memory cells (P = 0.03). Conclusions/Significance: Our data provide the first direct evidence that acute schistosomiasis significantly increases the risk of de novo AIDS virus acquisition, and the magnitude of the effect suggests that control of helminth infections may be a useful public health intervention to help decrease the spread of HIV-1.en_US
dc.language.isoen_USen_US
dc.publisherPublic Library of Scienceen_US
dc.relation.isversionofdoi://10.1371/journal.pntd.0000265en_US
dc.relation.hasversionhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2447882/pdf/en_US
dash.licenseLAA
dc.subjectmicrobiologyen_US
dc.subjectparasitologyen_US
dc.subjectimmunity to infectionsen_US
dc.subjectinfectious diseasesen_US
dc.subjectneglected tropical diseasesen_US
dc.subjectHIV infection and AIDSen_US
dc.subjecthelminth infectionsen_US
dc.titleAcute Schistosoma mansoni Infection Increases Susceptibility to Systemic SHIV Clade C Infection in Rhesus Macaques after Mucosal Virus Exposureen_US
dc.typeJournal Articleen_US
dc.description.versionVersion of Recorden_US
dc.relation.journalPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseasesen_US
dash.depositing.authorRuprecht, Ruth Margrit
dc.date.available2011-04-25T14:21:22Z
dash.affiliation.otherHMS^Medicine-Brigham and Women's Hospitalen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pntd.0000265*
dash.contributor.affiliatedLee, Sandra
dash.contributor.affiliatedRuprecht, Ruth Margrit


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