Association of Environmental Cadmium Exposure with Pediatric Dental Caries
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Association of Environmental Cadmium Exposure with Pediatric Dental Caries
| Title: | Association of Environmental Cadmium Exposure with Pediatric Dental Caries |
| Author: |
Arora, Manish; Weuve, Jennifer Lynn; Schwartz, Joel David; Wright, Robert O.
Note: Order does not necessarily reflect citation order of authors. |
| Citation: | Arora, Manish, Jennifer Weuve, Joel Schwartz, and Robert O. Wright. 2008. Association of Environmental Cadmium Exposure with Pediatric Dental Caries. Environmental Health Perspectives 116(6): 821-825. |
| Full Text & Related Files: |
2430240.pdf (128.6Kb; PDF) 
|
| Abstract: | Background: Although animal experiments have shown that cadmium exposure results in severe dental caries, limited epidemiologic data are available on this issue. Objectives: We aimed to examine the relationship between environmental cadmium exposure and dental caries in children 6–12 years of age. Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data, including urine cadmium concentrations and counts of decayed or filled tooth surfaces, from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We used logistic and zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression to estimate the association between urine cadmium concentrations and caries experience, adjusting these analyses for potential confounders including environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Results: Urine cadmium concentrations ranged from 0.01 to 3.38 ng/mL. Approximately 56% of children had experienced caries in their deciduous teeth, and almost 30% had been affected by caries in their permanent dentition. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in creatinine-corrected cadmium concentrations (0.21 μg/g creatinine) corresponded to a 16% increase in the odds of having experienced caries in deciduous teeth [prevalence odds ratio (OR) = 1.16; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.96–1.40]. This association was statistically significant in children with low ETS exposure (prevalence OR = 1.30; 95% CI, 1.01–1.67). The results from the ZINB regression indicated that, among children with any caries history in their deciduous teeth, an IQR increase in cadmium was associated with 17% increase in the number of decayed or filled surfaces. We observed no association between cadmium and caries experience in permanent teeth. Conclusions: Environmental cadmium exposure may be associated with increased risk of dental caries in deciduous teeth of children. |
| Published Version: | doi:10.1289/ehp.10947 |
| Other Sources: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2430240/pdf/ |
| Terms of Use: | This article is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of-use#LAA |
| Citable link to this page: | http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:4889448 |
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