Browsing by Author "Lowell, Bradford"

Now showing items 1-16 of 16

    • 5-HT\(_{\text{2C}}\)Rs Expressed by Pro-Opiomelanocortin Neurons Regulate Energy Homeostasis 

      Xu, Yong; Jones, Juli E.; Kohno, Daisuke; Williams, Kevin W.; Choi, Michelle J.; Anderson, Jason G.; Heisler, Lora K.; Zigman, Jeffrey M.; Elmquist, Joel K.; Lee, Charlotte E.; Lowell, Bradford Barr (Cell Press, 2008)
      Drugs activating 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptors (5-HT\(_{\text{2C}}\)Rs) potently suppress appetite, but the underlying mechanisms for these effects are not fully understood. To tackle this issue, we generated mice with ...

    • Appetite controlled by a cholecystokinin nucleus of the solitary tract to hypothalamus neurocircuit 

      D'Agostino, Giuseppe; Lyons, David J; Cristiano, Claudia; Burke, Luke K; Madara, Joseph C; Campbell, John N; Garcia, Ana Paula; Land, Benjamin B; Lowell, Bradford B; Dileone, Ralph J; Heisler, Lora K (eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2016)
      The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) is a key gateway for meal-related signals entering the brain from the periphery. However, the chemical mediators crucial to this process have not been fully elucidated. We reveal ...

    • Arcuate hypothalamic AgRP and putative POMC neurons show opposite changes in spiking across multiple timescales 

      Mandelblat-Cerf, Yael; Ramesh, Rohan N; Burgess, Christian R; Patella, Paola; Yang, Zongfang; Lowell, Bradford B; Andermann, Mark L (eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2015)
      Agouti-related-peptide (AgRP) neurons—interoceptive neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC)—are both necessary and sufficient for driving feeding behavior. To better understand the functional roles of AgRP ...

    • Cholinergic Interneurons Mediate Fast VGluT3-Dependent Glutamatergic Transmission in the Striatum 

      Higley, Michael J.; Gittis, Aryn H.; Oldenburg, Ian Anton; Balthasar, Nina; Seal, Rebecca P.; Edwards, Robert H.; Lowell, Bradford Barr; Kreitzer, Anatol C.; Sabatini, Bernardo Luis (Public Library of Science, 2011)
      The neurotransmitter glutamate is released by excitatory projection neurons throughout the brain. However, non-glutamatergic cells, including cholinergic and monoaminergic neurons, express markers that suggest that they ...

    • Excitatory transmission onto AgRP neurons is regulated by cJun NH2-terminal kinase 3 in response to metabolic stress 

      Vernia, Santiago; Morel, Caroline; Madara, Joseph C; Cavanagh-Kyros, Julie; Barrett, Tamera; Chase, Kathryn; Kennedy, Norman J; Jung, Dae Young; Kim, Jason K; Aronin, Neil; Flavell, Richard A; Lowell, Bradford B; Davis, Roger J (eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2016)
      The cJun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway is implicated in the response to metabolic stress. Indeed, it is established that the ubiquitously expressed JNK1 and JNK2 isoforms regulate energy expenditure and insulin ...

    • Gs-coupled GPCR signalling in AgRP neurons triggers sustained increase in food intake 

      Nakajima, Ken-ichiro; Cui, Zhenzhong; Li, Chia; Meister, Jaroslawna; Cui, Yinghong; Fu, Ou; Smith, Adam S.; Jain, Shalini; Lowell, Bradford B.; Krashes, Michael J.; Wess, Jürgen (Nature Publishing Group, 2016)
      Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons of the hypothalamus play a key role in regulating food intake and body weight, by releasing three different orexigenic molecules: AgRP; GABA; and neuropeptide Y. AgRP neurons express ...

    • Innervation of Thermogenic Adipose Tissue via a Calsyntenin 3β–S100b Axis 

      Zeng, Xing; Ye, Mengchen; Resch, Jon; Jedrychowski, Mark; Hu, Bo; Lowell, Bradford; Ginty, David; Spiegelman, Bruce (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2019-05)
      The sympathetic nervous system drives brown and beige adipocyte thermogenesis via release of norepinephrine from local axons. However, the molecular basis underlying the higher levels of sympathetic innervation of thermogenic ...

    • Melanocortin 4 receptors in autonomic neurons regulate thermogenesis and glycemia 

      Berglund, Eric D.; Liu, Tiemin; Kong, Xingxing; Sohn, Jong-Woo; Vong, Linh; Deng, Zhuo; Lee, Charlotte E.; Lee, Syann; Williams, Kevin W.; Olson, David P.; Scherer, Philipp E.; Lowell, Bradford B.; Elmquist, Joel K. (2014)
      SUMMARY Melanocortin 4 receptors (Mc4rs) are expressed by extra-hypothalamic neurons including cholinergic autonomic pre-ganglionic neurons. However, whether Mc4rs in these neurons are required to control energy and glucose ...

    • A neural basis for melanocortin-4 receptor regulated appetite 

      Garfield, Alastair S.; Li, Chia; Madara, Joseph C.; Shah, Bhavik P.; Webber, Emily; Steger, Jennifer S.; Campbell, John N.; Gavrilova, Oksana; Lee, Charlotte E.; Olson, David P.; Elmquist, Joel K.; Tannous, Bakhos A.; Krashes, Michael J.; Lowell, Bradford B. (2015)
      Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)- and agouti-related peptide (AgRP)-expressing neurons are oppositely regulated by caloric depletion and co-ordinately stimulate and inhibit homeostatic satiety, respectively. This bimodality is ...

    • Neuron-Type-Specific Signals for Reward and Punishment in the Ventral Tegmental Area 

      Cohen, Jeremiah Yaacov; Haesler, Sebastian; Vong, Linh; Lowell, Bradford Barr; Uchida, Naoshige (Nature Publishing Group, 2012)
      Dopamine has a central role in motivation and reward. Dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) signal the discrepancy between expected and actual rewards (that is, reward prediction error)1–3, but how they ...

    • NPY Signaling Inhibits Extended Amygdala CRF Neurons to Suppress Binge Alcohol Drinking 

      Pleil, Kristen E.; Rinker, Jennifer A.; Lowery-Gionta, Emily G.; Mazzone, Christopher M.; McCall, Nora M.; Kendra, Alexis M.; Olson, David P.; Lowell, Bradford B.; Grant, Kathleen A.; Thiele, Todd E.; Kash, Thomas L. (2015)
      Summary paragraph Binge alcohol drinking is a tremendous public health problem because it leads to the development of numerous pathologies including alcohol abuse, and anxiety1–4. It is thought to do so by hijacking brain ...

    • An Obligate Role of Oxytocin Neurons in Diet Induced Energy Expenditure 

      Wu, Zhaofei; Xu, Yuanzhong; Zhu, Yaming; Sutton, Amy K.; Zhao, Rongjie; Lowell, Bradford Barr; Olson, David Paul; Tong, Qingchun (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Oxytocin neurons represent one of the major subsets of neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH), a critical brain region for energy homeostasis. Despite substantial evidence supporting a role of oxytocin in body ...

    • Recurrent network activity drives striatal synaptogenesis 

      Kozorovitskiy, Yevgenia; Saunders, Arpiar; Johnson, Caroline A.; Lowell, Bradford B.; Sabatini, Bernardo L. (2012)
      Neural activity during development critically shapes postnatal wiring of the mammalian brain. This is best illustrated by the sensory systems, in which the patterned feed-forward excitation provided by sensory organs and ...

    • Rho-kinase Regulates Energy Balance by Targeting Hypothalamic Leptin Receptor Signaling 

      Huang, Hu; Kong, Dong; Byun, Kyung Hee; Ye, Chianping; Koda, Shuichi; Lee, Dae Ho; Oh, Byung-Chul; Lee, Sam Whan; Lee, Bonghee; Zabolotny, Janice M.; Kim, Min Seon; Bjørbæk, Christian; Lowell, Bradford Barr; Kim, Young-Bum (2012)
      Leptin regulates energy balance. However, knowledge of the critical intracellular transducers of leptin signaling remains incomplete. Here we report that Rho-kinase 1 (ROCK1) regulates leptin action on body weight homeostasis ...

    • UCP2 Regulates the Glucagon Response to Fasting and Starvation 

      Allister, Emma M.; Robson-Doucette, Christine A.; Prentice, Kacey J.; Hardy, Alexandre B.; Sultan, Sobia; Gaisano, Herbert Y.; Kong, Dong; Gilon, Patrick; Herrera, Pedro L.; Lowell, Bradford B.; Wheeler, Michael B. (American Diabetes Association, 2013)
      Glucagon is important for maintaining euglycemia during fasting/starvation, and abnormal glucagon secretion is associated with type 1 and type 2 diabetes; however, the mechanisms of hypoglycemia-induced glucagon secretion ...

    • A visual circuit uses complementary mechanisms to support transient and sustained pupil constriction 

      Keenan, William Thomas; Rupp, Alan C; Ross, Rachel A; Somasundaram, Preethi; Hiriyanna, Suja; Wu, Zhijian; Badea, Tudor C; Robinson, Phyllis R; Lowell, Bradford B; Hattar, Samer S (eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2016)
      Rapid and stable control of pupil size in response to light is critical for vision, but the neural coding mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we investigated the neural basis of pupil control by monitoring pupil size across ...