Now showing items 1-20 of 80

• #### Adaptation of US maize to temperature variations ﻿

(Nature Publishing Group, 2013)
High temperatures are associated with reduced crop yields1, 2, and predictions for future warming3 have raised concerns regarding future productivity and food security4, 5, 6, 7, 8. However, the extent to which adaptation ...
• #### American Maize: Climate Change, Adaptation, and Spatio-Temporal Variation in Temperature Sensitivity ﻿

(2015-04-20)
Agricultural production is vulnerable to climate change. However, this vulnerability can be reduced by adapting food crops to a hotter climate. Many studies have ignored adaptation when quantifying the effect of climate ...
• #### Antarctic Temperature at Orbital Timescales Controlled by Local Summer Duration ﻿

(Nature Publishing Group, 2008)
During the late Pleistocene epoch, proxies for Southern Hemisphere climate from the Antarctic ice cores vary nearly in phase with Northern Hemisphere insolation intensity at the precession and obliquity timescales. This ...
• #### Antarctica's Orbital Beat ﻿

(American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2009)
Alternating glacial and interglacial conditions have dominated Earth's climate for at least the past 800,000 years (1, 2). Such a global rhythm of glaciation is surprising—at least if summer solar radiation controls ...
• #### A Bayesian Algorithm for Reconstructing Climate Anomalies in Space and Time. Part 1: Development and Applications to Paleoclimate Reconstruction Problems ﻿

(American Meteorological Society, 2010)
Reconstructing the spatial pattern of a climate field through time from a dataset of overlapping instrumental and climate proxy time series is a nontrivial statistical problem. The need to transform the proxy observations ...
• #### A Bayesian Algorithm for Reconstructing Climate Anomalies in Space and Time. Part 2: Comparison with the Regularized Expectation-Maximization Algorithm ﻿

(American Meterological Union, 2010)
Part I presented a Bayesian algorithm for reconstructing climate anomalies in space and time (BARCAST). This method involves specifying simple parametric forms for the spatial covariance and temporal evolution of the climate ...
• #### Can Paleoceanographic Tracers Constrain Meridional Circulation Rates? ﻿

(American Meteorological Society, 2007)
The ability of paleoceanographic tracers to constrain rates of transport is examined using an inverse method to combine idealized observations with a geostrophic model. Considered are the spatial distribution, accuracy, ...
• #### Changes in Deep Pacific Temperature During the Mid-Pleistocene Transition and Quaternary ﻿

(Elsevier BV, 2010)
An attempt is made to unravel the dual influences of seawater temperature and isotopic composition upon the oxygen-isotope records of benthic foraminifers from the deep Pacific $(δ^{18}O_{b})$. Our approach is to estimate ...
• #### Changes in the Phase of the Annual Cycle of Surface Temperature ﻿

(Nature Publishing Group, 2009)
The annual cycle in the Earth's surface temperature is extremely large—comparable in magnitude to the glacial–interglacial cycles over most of the planet. Trends in the phase and the amplitude of the annual cycle have been ...
• #### Changes in the Seasonal Cycle of Temperature and Atmospheric Circulation ﻿

(American Meteorological Society, 2012)
The vast majority of variability in the instrumental surface temperature record is at annual frequencies. Systematic changes in the yearly Fourier component of surface temperature have been observed since the midtwentieth ...
• #### The changing shape of Northern Hemisphere summer temperature distributions ﻿

(Wiley-Blackwell, 2016)
The occurrence of recent summer temperature extremes in the midlatitudes has raised questions about whether and how the distributions of summer temperature are changing. While it is clear that in most regions the average ...
• #### Climate Change and Global Food Systems: Potential Impacts on Food Security and Undernutrition ﻿

(Annual Reviews, 2017)
Great progress has been made in addressing global undernutrition over the past several decades, in part because of large increases in food production from agricultural expansion and intensification. Food systems, however, ...
• #### Climate Change during and after the Roman Empire: Reconstructing the Past from Scientific and Historical Evidence ﻿

(MIT Press, 2012)
Growing scientific evidence from modern climate science is loaded with implications for the environmental history of the Roman Empire and its successor societies. The written and archaeological evidence, although richer ...
• #### Combined obliquity and precession pacing of the late Pleistocene glacial cycles ﻿

(Nature Publishing Group, 2011)
Milankovitch1 proposed that Earth resides in an interglacial state when its spin axis both tilts to a high obliquity and precesses to align the Northern Hemisphere summer with Earth’s nearest approach to the Sun. This ...
• #### Comment on “Hockey sticks, principal components, and spurious significance” by S. McIntyre and R. McKitrick ﻿

(Wiley-Blackwell, 2005)
• #### Comments on: 'Coupling of the hemispheres in observations and simulations of glacial climate change': by A. Schmittner, O.A. Saenko, and A.J. Weaver [Quaternary Science Reviews 22 (2003) 659-671] ﻿

(Elsevier, 2004)
• #### Compensation between Model Feedbacks and Curtailment of Climate Sensitivity ﻿

(American Meteorological Society, 2010)
The spread in climate sensitivity obtained from 12 general circulation model runs used in the Fourth Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change indicates a 95% confidence interval of $2.1^{\circ}-5.5^{\circ}C$, ...
• #### Consequences of Pacing the Pleistocene 100 kyr Ice Ages by Nonlinear Phase Locking to Milankovitch Forcing ﻿

(American Geophysical Union, 2006)
The consequences of the hypothesis that Milankovitch forcing affects the phase (e.g., termination times) of the 100 kyr glacial cycles via a mechanism known as “nonlinear phase locking” are examined. Phase locking provides ...
• #### Cooling of US Midwest summer temperature extremes from cropland intensification ﻿

(Nature Publishing Group, 2015)
High temperature extremes during the growing season can reduce agricultural production. At the same time, agricultural practices can modify temperatures by altering the surface energy budget. Here we identify centennial ...
• #### Decoding the precision of historical temperature observations ﻿

(Wiley-Blackwell, 2015)
Historical observations of temperature underpin our ability to monitor Earth’s climate. We identify a pervasive issue in archived observations from surface stations, wherein the use of varying conventions for units and ...