Browsing by Author "Christakis, Nicholas A."

Now showing items 21-40 of 60

    • Evolution of In-Group Favoritism 

      Fu, Feng; Tarnita, Corina Elena; Christakis, Nicholas Alexander; Wang, Long; Rand, David Gertler; Nowak, Martin A. (Nature Publishing Group, 2012)
      In-group favoritism is a central aspect of human behavior. People often help members of their own group more than members of other groups. Here we propose a mathematical framework for the evolution of in-group favoritism ...

    • Evolutionary Origins of the Endowment Effect: Evidence from Hunter-Gatherers 

      Apicella, Coren; Azevedo, Eduardo M.; Christakis, Nicholas; Fowler, James H. (American Economic Association, 2014)
      The endowment effect, the tendency to value possessions more than non-possessions, is a well known departure from rational choice and has been replicated in numerous settings. We investigate the universality of the endowment ...

    • Extent and Determinants of Error in Doctors' Prognoses in Terminally Ill Patients: Prospective Cohort Study 

      Christakis, Nicholas; Lamont, Elizabeth (British Medical Journal Publishing, 2000)
      Objective: To describe doctors' prognostic accuracy in terminally ill patients and to evaluate the determinants of that accuracy. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Five outpatient hospice programmes in ...

    • Factors Considered Important at the End of Life by Patients, Family, Physicians, and Other Care Providers 

      Steinhauser, Karen E.; Christakis, N; Clipp, Elizabeth C.; McNeilly, Maya; McIntyre, Lauren; Tulsky, James Aaron (American Medical Association (AMA), 2000)
      Context A clear understanding of what patients, families, and health care practitioners view as important at the end of life is integral to the success of improving care of dying patients. Empirical evidence defining such ...

    • Friendships Moderate an Association between a Dopamine Gene Variant and Political Ideology 

      Settle, Jaime E.; Dawes, Christopher; Christakis, Nicholas Alexander; Fowler, James H. (Cambridge University Press, 2010)
      Scholars in many fields have long noted the importance of social context in the development of political ideology. Recent work suggests that political ideology also has a heritable component, but no specific gene variant ...

    • Geographic Constraints on Social Network Groups 

      Onnela, Jukka-Pekka; Arbesman, Samuel; González, Marta C.; Barabasi, Albert-Laszlo; Christakis, Nicholas (Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2011)
      Social groups are fundamental building blocks of human societies. While our social interactions have always been constrained by geography, it has been impossible, due to practical difficulties, to evaluate the nature of ...

    • The Impact of Cellular Networks on Disease Comorbidity 

      Park, Juyong; Lee, Deok-Sun; Christakis, Nicholas Alexander; Barabási, Albert-László (Nature Publishing Group, 2009)
      The impact of disease-causing defects is often not limited to the products of a mutated gene but, thanks to interactions between the molecular components, may also affect other cellular functions, resulting in potential ...

    • Infectious Disease Modeling of Social Contagion in Networks 

      Hill, Alison Lynn; Rand, David Gertler; Nowak, Martin A.; Christakis, Nicholas Alexander (Public Library of Science, 2010)
      Many behavioral phenomena have been found to spread interpersonally through social networks, in a manner similar to infectious diseases. An important difference between social contagion and traditional infectious diseases, ...

    • Intermediate Levels of Network Fluidity Amplify Economic Growth and Mitigate Economic Inequality in Experimental Social Networks 

      Nishi, Akihiro; Shirado, Hirokazu; Christakis, Nicholas (Society for Sociological Science, 2015)
      Social connections are mutable. Prior experimental work has shown that circumstances fostering an intermediate rate of forming and breaking social ties (“network fluidity”) facilitate the maintenance of optimal levels of ...

    • Intimate partner violence norms cluster within households: an observational social network study in rural Honduras 

      Shakya, Holly B.; Hughes, D. Alex; Stafford, Derek; Christakis, Nicholas; Fowler, James H.; Silverman, Jay G. (Springer Nature, 2016)
      Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a complex global problem, not only because it is a human rights issue, but also because it is associated with chronic mental and physical illnesses as well as acute health ...

    • The Intramembrane Structure of Septate Junctions Based on Direct Freezing 

      Kachar, B; Christakis, N; Reese, T.S.; Lane, N.J. (Company of Biologists, 1986)
      Smooth septate junctions from the midgut of the cricket, Acheta, and the horseshoe crab, Limulus, as well as Hydra-type septate junctions from the epidermis of Hydra have been studied by freeze-fracture after direct freezing ...

    • Investigating the Mechanism of Marital Mortality Reduction: The Transition to Widowhood and Quality of Health Care 

      Jin, Lei; Christakis, Nicholas Alexander (Population Association of America, 2009)
      While it is well known that the widowed suffer increased mortality risks, the mechanism of this survival disadvantage is still under investigation. In this article, we examine the quality of health care as a possible link ...

    • A Model of Genetic Variation in Human Social Networks 

      Fowler, James H.; Dawes, Christopher T.; Christakis, Nicholas Alexander (National Academy of Sciences, 2009)
      Social networks exhibit strikingly systematic patterns across a wide range of human contexts. While genetic variation accounts for a significant portion of the variation in many complex social behaviors, the heritability ...

    • Molecular Genetics and Economics 

      Beauchamp, Jonathan P; Cesarini, David; Johannesson, Magnus; van der Loos, Matthijs J. H. M; Koellinger, Philipp D; Groenen, Patrick J. F; Fowler, James H; Rosenquist, James Niels; Thurik, A. Roy; Christakis, Nicholas (American Economic Association, 2011)
      The costs of comprehensively genotyping human subjects have fallen to the point where major funding bodies, even in the social sciences, are beginning to incorporate genetic and biological markers into major social surveys. ...

    • Mortality After the Hospitalization of a Spouse 

      Christakis, Nicholas; Allison, Paul D. (Massachusetts Medical Society, 2006)
      Background: The illness of a spouse can affect the health of a caregiving partner. We examined the association between the hospitalization of a spouse and a partner’s risk of death among elderly people. Methods: We studied ...

    • Most Reported Genetic Associations with General Intelligence Are Probably False Positives 

      Laibson, David I.; Chabris, Christopher F.; Hebert, Benjamin Michael; Benjamin, Daniel J.; Beauchamp, Jonathan P.; Cesarini, David; van der Loos, Matthijs J. H. M.; Johannesson, Magnus; Magnusson, Patrik K. E.; Lichtenstein, Paul; Atwood, Craig S.; Freese, Jeremy; Hauser, Taissa S.; Hauser, Robert M.; Christakis, Nicholas Alexander (Sage, 2012)
      General intelligence (g) and virtually all other behavioral traits are heritable. Associations between g and specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in several candidate genes involved in brain function have been ...

    • Parental Influence on Substance Use in Adolescent Social Networks 

      Shakya, Holly B.; Christakis, Nicholas; Fowler, James H. (American Medical Association (AMA), 2012)
      Objective To evaluate the relationship between the parenting style of an adolescent's peers' parents and an adolescent's substance use. Design Longitudinal survey. Setting Adolescents across the United States were ...

    • Population Trends and Variation in Body Mass Index from 1971 to 2008 in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort 

      Block, Jason Perry; Subramanian, S.V. Venkata; Christakis, Nicholas Alexander; O'Malley, James James (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Objective: We examined body mass index (BMI) across place and time to determine the pattern of BMI mean and standard deviation trajectories. Methods: We included participants in the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) Offspring ...

    • Preliminary Evidence Regarding the Hypothesis That the Sex Ratio at Sexual Maturity May Affect Longevity in Men 

      Jin, Lei; Elwert, Felix; Freese, Jeremy; Christakis, N (Springer Science + Business Media, 2010)
      In human populations, variation in mate availability has been linked to various biological and social outcomes, but the possible effect of mate availability on health or survival has not been studied. Unbalanced sex ...

    • Prognostic Factors in Advanced Cancer Patients: Evidence-Based Clinical Recommendations—A Study by the Steering Committee of the European Association for Palliative Care 

      Maltoni, Marco; Caraceni, Augusto; Brunelli, Cinzia; Broeckaert, Bert; Christakis, Nicholas; Eychmueller, Steffen; Glare, Paul; Nabal, Maria; Viganò, Antonio; Larkin, Philip; De Conno, Franco; Hanks, Geoffrey; Kaasa, Stein (American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), 2005)
      Purpose To offer evidence-based clinical recommendations concerning prognosis in advanced cancer patients. Methods A Working Group of the Research Network of the European Association for Palliative Care identified ...