Browsing by FAS Department "Medical Sciences"
Now showing items 1-20 of 451
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A Chemical Biology Approach Towards Targeting Understudied Lipid Kinases in Cancer and Ebola
(2019-05-18)Cellular processes are orchestrated in an intricate and highly coordinated fashion in order to facilitate proper metabolism, cell cycle progression, gene expression, and ultimately survival. Phosphoinositides, lipid moieties ... -
A Covalent Dinucleotide Intermediate in Nonenzymatic RNA Polymerization
(2019-04-17)The origin of life on Earth encompasses the prebiotic synthesis of chemical compounds to the formation of the first cells and eventually, the last universal common ancestor. The exact nature of the earliest life forms ... -
A general strategy to construct small molecule biosensors
(2017-05-10)Biosensors for small molecules can be used in applications that range from metabolic engineering to orthogonal control of transcription. Despite their broad utility, it remains a longstanding challenge to rapidly create ... -
A Genetic Interaction Analysis Identifies Novel Cancer Driver Modifiers and a Combination Therapy
(2019-05-17)A large number of cancer drivers have been identified through tumor sequencing efforts but how they interact and the degree to which they can substitute for each other has not been systematically explored. To comprehensively ... -
A Genome-Wide Knock-Out Screen Identifies Novel Host Cell Entry Factor Requirements for Divergent Adeno-Associated Virus Serotypes
(2019-01-16)Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV) is a non-pathogenic virus that has been harnessed as a vector system for therapeutic gene transfer. Despite decades of research on AAV as a vector, little is known about the molecular determinants ... -
A Global View of Translation in Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Infected Cells
(2018-01-19)Infection of mammalian cells with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) results in the inhibition of cellular translation, while viral translation proceeds efficiently. This host “shutoff” is mediated by multiple mechanisms. ... -
A Single Cell Transcriptomic View of Embryonic Development and Evolution
(2019-05-17)A major goal of developmental biology is to define how the cell types of adult organisms emerge from the naive cells of the early embryo. This has been challenging because no methods have been available to comprehensively ... -
A Variant Mode of Mammalian Olfaction
(2017-01-18)Olfaction – the sense of smell – informs animals about food, mates, threats, and other chemical signals. The odors most relevant to survival and reproduction vary across species and ecology; for this reason, olfactory ... -
Aberrant microRNA Expression in Spinal Muscular Atrophy Motor Neurons
(2015-05-18)Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a devastating autosomal-recessive pediatric neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of spinal motor neurons. It is caused by mutation in the survival of motor neuron 1, SMN1, gene ... -
Activation and Antagonism of RIG-I-Mediated Innate Immune Signaling by Herpes Simplex Virus 1
(2018-01-16)The cytosolic innate immune receptor retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) recognizes double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) that emerges during viral infection and initiates an antiviral response comprised of interferon (IFN) and ... -
Activation and Termination of Peptidoglycan Synthesis in Escherichia Coli
(2019-05-13)The peptidoglycan cell wall (PG) is a contiguous matrix formed from long glycan strands crosslinked by short peptides. It is essential for bacterial survival and morphology and is an important antibiotic target. Construction ... -
Activation of the Bacterial Cell Elongation Machinery
(2019-09-10)Bacteria expand their peptidoglycan cell wall in order to grow and divide while maintaining shape and withstanding turgor pressure. A broadly conserved multiprotein complex called the Rod system performs peptidoglycan ... -
Adaptive Evolution of the SIV Envelope Protein During Early SIV Infection
(2016-03-08)Primate lentiviruses (PLVs), including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), HIV type 2 (HIV-2), and the simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs), cause persistent lifelong infections despite the presence of virus-specific ... -
Allosteric Integrase Inhibitors Reveal a Role for Integrase During HIV-1 Maturation
(2015-09-20)Integration of the DNA copy of the HIV-1 genome is an essential step for virus replication and is mediated by a homotetrameric complex of the viral protein integrase (IN) in association with the ends of linear viral DNA ... -
Allosteric Sensitization of Pro-Apoptotic BAX
(2018-01-05)BCL-2 family proteins are critical regulators of mitochondrial apoptosis and thus serve as prime targets for therapeutic modulation in diseases of deregulated cell death. Whereas a 20-year effort to inhibit anti-apoptotic ... -
Analysis of Noncoding RNA Function at Specific Genomic Loci
(2017-09-07)Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important effectors of gene expression, due to their interactions with chromatin regulatory complexes and their implication in developmental processes such as genomic imprinting, ... -
Analysis of Voluntary Behavior to Interrogate Neural Function
(2016-02-11)Mice and rats are critical to our understanding of human biology. They share most of our genome, are susceptible to most of the same diseases and usually benefit from clinical therapeutics, if only at very high doses. ... -
Analyzing Co-transcriptional Processing by Nanopore Sequencing
(2019-05-17)Human genes contain many long introns with degenerate sequence information at splice sites, requiring sophisticated mechanisms to locate and coordinate the excision of multiple introns within the same pre-mRNA transcript. ... -
An Anatomical and Functional Dissection of the Role Pet1 Raphe Neurons Play in Neonatal Cardiorespiratory Homeostasis
(2016-08-26)Life-sustaining cardiorespiratory homeostasis requires the dynamic response of brainstem neural circuits. Apneas - the cessation of breathing often accompanied by bradycardia - can reflect defects in these circuits, and ... -
Angiotensin System Inhibition in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
(2017-05-12)Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly disease that is characterized by its rich stroma. Targeting the PDAC stroma holds great potential as a novel PDAC treatment regimen, as the tumor stromal microenvironment ...