Person: Maurer, Peter Christian
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Maurer
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Peter Christian
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Maurer, Peter Christian
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Publication Nanometre-scale thermometry in a living cell(Nature Publishing Group, 2013) Kucsko, Georg; Maurer, Peter Christian; Yao, Norman; Kubo, Michael; Noh, Hyungi; Lo, P. K.; Park, Hongkun; Lukin, MikhailSensitive probing of temperature variations on nanometre scales is an outstanding challenge in many areas of modern science and technology. In particular, a thermometer capable of subdegree temperature resolution over a large range of temperatures as well as integration within a living system could provide a powerful new tool in many areas of biological, physical and chemical research. Possibilities range from the temperature-induced control of gene expression and tumour metabolism to the cell-selective treatment of disease and the study of heat dissipation in integrated circuits. By combining local light-induced heat sources with sensitive nanoscale thermometry, it may also be possible to engineer biological processes at the subcellular level. Here we demonstrate a new approach to nanoscale thermometry that uses coherent manipulation of the electronic spin associated with nitrogen–vacancy colour centres in diamond. Our technique makes it possible to detect temperature variations as small as 1.8 mK (a sensitivity of \(9 mK Hz^{−1/2}\) in an ultrapure bulk diamond sample. Using nitrogen–vacancy centres in diamond nanocrystals (nanodiamonds), we directly measure the local thermal environment on length scales as short as 200 nanometres. Finally, by introducing both nanodiamonds and gold nanoparticles into a single human embryonic fibroblast, we demonstrate temperature-gradient control and mapping at the subcellular level, enabling unique potential applications in life sciences.Publication Coherent control of diamond defects for quantum information science and quantum sensing(2014-06-06) Maurer, Peter Christian; Lukin, Mikhail D.; Greiner, Markus; Yacoby, AmirQuantum mechanics, arguably one of the greatest achievements of modern physics, has not only fundamentally changed our understanding of nature but is also taking an ever increasing role in engineering. Today, the control of quantum systems has already had a far-reaching impact on time and frequency metrology. By gaining further control over a large variety of different quantum systems, many potential applications are emerging. Those applications range from the development of quantum sensors and new quantum metrological approaches to the realization of quantum information processors and quantum networks. Unfortunately most quantum systems are very fragile objects that require tremendous experimental effort to avoid dephasing. Being able to control the interaction between a quantum system with its local environment embodies therefore an important aspect for application and hence is at the focus of this thesis.Publication Room-Temperature Quantum Bit Memory Exceeding One Second(American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2012) Maurer, Peter Christian; Kucsko, Georg; Latta, C.; Jiang, L.; Yao, Norman; Bennett, S. D.; Pastawski, F.; Hunger, D.; Chisholm, Nicholas; Markham, M.; Twitchen, D. J.; Cirac, J. I.; Lukin, MikhailStable quantum bits, capable both of storing quantum information for macroscopic time scales and of integration inside small portable devices, are an essential building block for an array of potential applications. We demonstrate high-fidelity control of a solid-state qubit, which preserves its polarization for several minutes and features coherence lifetimes exceeding 1 second at room temperature. The qubit consists of a single \(^{13}C\) nuclear spin in the vicinity of a nitrogen-vacancy color center within an isotopically purified diamond crystal. The long qubit memory time was achieved via a technique involving dissipative decoupling of the single nuclear spin from its local environment. The versatility, robustness, and potential scalability of this system may allow for new applications in quantum information science.Publication Far-Field Optical Imaging and Manipulation of Individual Spins with Nanoscale Resolution(Nature Publishing Group, 2010) Maurer, Peter Christian; Maze, J. R.; Stanwix, P. L.; Jiang, L.; Gorshkov, Alexey; Zibrov, A. A.; Harke, B.; Hodges, J. S.; Zibrov, Alexander; Yacoby, Amir; Twitchen, D.; Hell, S. W.; Walsworth, Ronald; Lukin, MikhailA fundamental limit to existing optical techniques for measurementand manipulation of spin degrees of freedom is set by diffraction, which does not allow spins separated by less than about a quarter of a micrometre to be resolved using conventional far-field optics. Here, we report an efficient far-field optical technique that overcomes the limiting role of diffraction, allowing individual electronic spins to be detected, imaged and manipulated coherently with nanoscale resolution. The technique involves selective flipping of the orientation of individual spins, associated with nitrogen-vacancy centres in room-temperature diamond, using a focused beam of light with intensity vanishing at a controllable location, which enables simultaneous single-spin imaging and magnetometry at the nanoscale with considerably less power than conventional techniques. Furthermore, by inhibiting spin transitions away from the laser intensity null, selective coherent rotation of individual spins is realized. This technique can be extended to subnanometre dimensions, thus enabling applications in diverse areas ranging from quantum information science to bioimaging.Publication Repetitive Readout of a Single Electronic Spin via Quantum Logic with Nuclear Spin Ancillae(American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2009) Jiang, Liang; Hodges, J. S.; Maze, J. R.; Maurer, Peter Christian; Taylor, J. M.; Cory, D. G.; Hemmer, P. R.; Walsworth, Ronald; Yacoby, Amir; Zibrov, Alexander; Lukin, MikhailRobust measurement of single quantum bits plays a key role in the realization of quantum computation and communication as well as in quantum metrology and sensing. We have implemented a method for the improved readout of single electronic spin qubits in solid-state systems. The method makes use of quantum logic operations on a system consisting of a single electronic spin and several proximal nuclear spin ancillae in order to repetitively readout the state of the electronic spin. Using coherent manipulation of a single nitrogen vacancy center in room-temperature diamond, full quantum control of an electronic-nuclear system consisting of up to three spins was achieved. We took advantage of a single nuclear-spin memory in order to obtain a 10-fold enhancement in the signal amplitude of the electronic spin readout. We also present a two-level, concatenated procedure to improve the readout by use of a pair of nuclear spin ancillae, an important step toward the realization of robust quantum information processors using electronic- and nuclear-spin qubits. Our technique can be used to improve the sensitivity and speed of spin-based nanoscale diamond magnetometers.Publication Scalable Architecture for a Room Temperature Solid-State Quantum Information Processor(Nature Publishing Group, 2012) Yao, Norman; Jiang, Liang; Gorshkov, Alexey; Maurer, Peter Christian; Giedke, Géza; Cirac, Ignacio; Lukin, MikhailThe realization of a scalable quantum information processor has emerged over the past decade as one of the central challenges at the interface of fundamental science and engineering. Here we propose and analyse an architecture for a scalable, solid-state quantum information processor capable of operating at room temperature. Our approach is based on recent experimental advances involving nitrogen-vacancy colour centres in diamond. In particular, we demonstrate that the multiple challenges associated with operation at ambient temperature, individual addressing at the nanoscale, strong qubit coupling, robustness against disorder and low decoherence rates can be simultaneously achieved under realistic, experimentally relevant conditions. The architecture uses a novel approach to quantum information transfer and includes a hierarchy of control at successive length scales. Moreover, it alleviates the stringent constraints currently limiting the realization of scalable quantum processors and will provide fundamental insights into the physics of non-equilibrium many-body quantum systems.