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Charrow, Alexandra

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Charrow

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Alexandra

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Charrow, Alexandra
Author's Publications: search.filters.isAuthorOfPublication.9b211f81-b31c-42a3-843d-cbb5b0baa5c4

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    Interventions for Children Affected by War
    (Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2013) Betancourt, Theresa; Meyers-Ohki, Sarah E.; Charrow, Alexandra; Tol, Wietse A.
    Background Children and adolescents exposed to armed conflict are at high risk of developing mental health problems. To date, a range of psychosocial approaches and clinical/psychiatric interventions has been used to address mental health needs in these groups. Aims To provide an overview of peer-reviewed psychosocial and mental health interventions designed to address mental health needs of conflict-affected children, and to highlight areas in which policy and research need strengthening. Methods We used standard review methodology to identify interventions aimed at improving or treating mental health problems in conflict-affected youth. An ecological lens was used to organize studies according to the individual, family, peer/school, and community factors targeted by each intervention. Interventions were also evaluated for their orientation toward prevention, treatment, or maintenance, and for the strength of the scientific evidence of reported effects. Results Of 2305 studies returned from online searches of the literature and 21 sources identified through bibliography mining, 58 qualified for full review, with 40 peer-reviewed studies included in the final narrative synthesis. Overall, the peer-reviewed literature focused largely on school-based interventions. Very few family and community-based interventions have been empirically evaluated. Only two studies assessed multilevel or stepped-care packages. Conclusions The evidence base on effective and efficacious interventions for conflict-affected youth requires strengthening. Postconflict development agendas must be retooled to target the vulnerabilities characterizing conflict-affected youth, and these approaches must be collaborative across bodies responsible for the care of youth and families.
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    Diversity in Dermatology Clinical Trials
    (American Medical Association (AMA), 2017) Charrow, Alexandra; Xia, Fan; Joyce, Cara; Mostaghimi, Arash
    Question What is the racial, ethnic, and sex makeup of participants in randomized clinical trials of dermatologic conditions? Findings In this systematic review of 626 trials conducted in 2010 through 2015, there was a low level of reporting of racial and ethnic composition of trial participants. Those US trials that reported race and ethnicity included a proportional number of women and African Americans compared with the general population, but Hispanic representation was lower than that of the general population of the United States. Meaning While dermatologic clinical trials conducted in the United States are racially diverse, the field must increase reporting of race and ethnicity and strive for representative study cohorts especially with respect to ethnic diversity.