Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Title
Now showing items 1887-1906 of 24540
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A biologically derived pectoral fin for yaw turn manoeuvres
(CrossRef Test Account, 2010)A bio-robotic fin has been developed that models the pectoral fin of the bluegill sunfish as the fish turned to avoid an obstacle. This work involved biological studies of the sunfish fin, the development of kinematic ... -
Biologically Induced Initiation of Neoproterozoic Snowball-Earth Events
(Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2011)The glaciations of the Neoproterozoic Era (1,000 to 542 MyBP) were preceded by dramatically light C isotopic excursions preserved in preglacial deposits. Standard explanations of these excursions involve remineralization ... -
Biologically-Aware Algorithms for Connectomics
(2021-05-13)With billions of neurons and trillions of synapses in humans, the inner workings of the brain remain one of the great open mysteries of the universe. A complete understanding of the brains of even tiny organisms such as ... -
Biologically-Inspired Control for Multi-Agent Self-Adaptive Tasks
(American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) Press, 2010)Decentralized agent groups typically require complex mechanisms to accomplish coordinated tasks. In contrast, biological systems can achieve intelligent group behaviors with each agent performing simple sensing and actions. ... -
Biologically-Inspired Deep Predictive Learning for Episodic Memory Event Segmentation
(2022-05-23)Computational modeling for event segmentation in the literature has been directed towards detailing individual regions of the brain, mainly the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and substantia nigra and the role they play in ... -
A biologically-inspired multi-joint soft exosuit that can reduce the energy cost of loaded walking
(Springer Nature, 2016)Background: Carrying load alters normal walking, imposes additional stress to the musculoskeletal system, and results in an increase in energy consumption and a consequent earlier onset of fatigue. This phenomenon is largely ... -
The Biologistical Construction of Race: "Admixture" Technology and the New Genetic Medicine
(Sage Publications, 2008)This paper presents an ethnographic case study of the use of race in two interconnected laboratories of medical genetics. Specifically, it examines how researchers committed to reducing health disparities in Latinos with ... -
Biology at single-molecule and single-cell level: chromosome organization, gene expression and beyond
(2014-06-06)Single molecules and single cells are the fundamental building blocks in biology. Facilitated by the advancement of technology, quantitative single-molecule and single-cell measurements provide a unique perspective toward ... -
Biology of tiny animals: three new species of minute salamanders (Plethodontidae: Thorius) from Oaxaca, Mexico
(PeerJ Inc., 2016)We describe three new species of minute salamanders, genus Thorius, from the Sierra Madre del Sur of Oaxaca, Mexico. Until now only a single species, T. minutissimus, has been reported from this region, although molecular ... -
Biology of Type 2 Phosphatidylinositol-5-Phosphate 4-Kinase
(2015-09-22)Type 2 phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinase (PI5P4K) converts phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate to phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate. Mammals have three genes, PIP4K2A, PIP4K2B and PIP4K2C that encode the enzymes ... -
Biomarker Evidence for Green and Purple Sulphur Bacteria in a Stratified Palaeoproterozoic Sea
(Nature Publishing Group, 2005)The disappearance of iron formations from the geological record similar to 1.8 billion years (Gyr) ago was the consequence of rising oxygen levels in the atmosphere starting 2.45 - 2.32 Gyr ago. It marks the end of a 2.5-Gyr ... -
Biomarkers of Environmental Enteropathy, Inflammation, Stunting, and Impaired Growth in Children in Northeast Brazil
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Critical to the design and assessment of interventions for enteropathy and its developmental consequences in children living in impoverished conditions are non-invasive biomarkers that can detect intestinal damage and ... -
Biomass burning emission inventory with daily resolution: Application to aircraft observations of Asian outflow
(Wiley-Blackwell, 2003)We develop a daily-resolved global emission inventory for biomass burning using AVHRR satellite observations of fire activity corrected for data gaps and scan angle biases. We implemented this inventory in a global ... -
Biomass-burning emissions and associated haze layers over Amazonia
(Wiley-Blackwell, 1988)Biomass-burning plumes and haze layers were observed during the ABLE 2A flights in July/August 1985 over the central Amazon Basin. The haze layers occurred at altitudes between 1000 and 4000 m and were usually only some ... -
Biomaterial scaffold-based vaccines sustain robust immune responses through the lymph nodes
(2022-05-05)Emergent vaccine therapies aim to engineer the multi-scale interactions that naturally occur within lymph nodes (LNs), from cellular behavior to tissue dynamics. Therapeutic cancer vaccines have demonstrated safety and ... -
A biomaterial-based vaccine eliciting durable tumour-specific responses against acute myeloid leukaemia
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020-01-14)Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignancy of hematopoietic origin with limited therapeutic options. The standard-of-care cytoreductive chemotherapy depletes AML cells to induce remission, but is rarely curative. A highly ... -
Biomaterials-Inspired Advances to CAR T Cell Therapy: Strategies to Recognize Tumors and Enhance T Cell Activity
(2021-11-16)Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, among other adoptive cell transfer approaches, has emerged as a promising strategy to introduce tumor-specific T cells into patients. CAR T cell therapy, in particular targeting ... -
Biomechanical Analysis Of Gait Adaptation In The Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
(National Academy of Sciences, 2010)To navigate different environments, an animal must be able to adapt its locomotory gait to its physical surroundings. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, between swimming in water and crawling on surfaces, adapts its ... -
Biomechanical forces promote blood development through prostaglandin E2 and the cAMP–PKA signaling axis
(The Rockefeller University Press, 2015)Blood flow promotes emergence of definitive hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the developing embryo, yet the signals generated by hemodynamic forces that influence hematopoietic potential remain poorly defined. Here we ... -
Biomechanical Therapy: A Soft Robotic Drug Delivery Device
(2017-07-14)This work establishes proof of concept and major progress towards a novel soft implantable drug delivery device, capable of controlled biological and mechanical therapy.